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Probing molecular orientation at bulk heterojunctions by polarization-selective transient absorption spectroscopy

Science China Chemistry 2021年第9期64卷 1569-1576页

作者： Cankun Zhang Yuzhe Zhang Zhiye Wang Yuming Su Zhixiang wei Jianhui Hou Shan He Kaifeng Wu Chang He Jianqi Zhang cheng Wang State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces iChEMCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province(IKKEM) FuzhouChina CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication CAS Center for Excellence in NanosciecneNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing100190China State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian116023China

A bulk heterojunction in organic solar cells is where charge separation and recombination *** orientation at the interface is one of the key factors that dictate solar cell *** X-ray scattering-based methods can determine donor/acceptor domain orientations between an anisotropic phase and an isotropic fullerene-based phase,the rise of nonfullerene solar cells presents a new challenge in delineating local molecular directions at the interface between two anisotropic donor/acceptor ***,we determine interfacial molecular orientations of three high-efficiency small molecule solar cells(ZR1:Y6,B1:BO-4 Cl,and BTR:BO-4 Cl)using polarization-selective transient absorption *** polarization anisotropy of charge separation dynamics indicates an angle of~90°between ZR1 and Y6 molecules at the interface,an angle close to 0°between B1 and BO-4 Cl,and random orientations between BTR and BO-4 *** observations provide complementary information to X-ray scattering measurements and highlight polarization-selective transient absorption spectroscopy as a tool to probe interfacial structure and dynamics of key photophysical steps in energy conversion.

关键词： polarization-selective transient absorption spectroscopy bulk heterojunction organic solar cell molecular orientation

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Permafrost warming along the Mo'he-Jiagedaqi section of the China-Russia crude oil pipeline

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第2期16卷 285-295页

作者： WANG Fei LI Guo-yu MA wei MAO Yun-cheng MU Yan-hu SERBAN Mihaela CAI Yong-jun State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences National Engineering Laboratory of Transportation Safety of Oil & Gas Pipeline PetroChina Pipeline R & D Center

The permafrost along the China-Russia Crude Oil Pipeline(CRCOP) is degrading since the pipeline operation in 2011. Heat dissipated from the pipeline, climate warming and anthropogenic activities leads to permafrost warming. The processes of permafrost warming along the CRCOP were studied based on the monitoring of air and soil temperatures, and electrical resistivity tomography(ERT) surveys. Results show that:(1) the mean annual air temperature(MAAT) in permafrost regions along the CRCOP increased with a rate of 0.21°C/10a–0.40°C/10 a during the past five decades;(2) the mean annual ground temperature(MAGT, at-15 m depth) of undisturbed permafrost increased by 0.2°C and the natural permafrost table remained unchanged due to the zero-curtain effect;(3) permafrost surrounding the uninsulated pipeline right-of-way warmed significantly compared with that in a natural site. During 2012–2017, the MAGT and the artificial permafrost table, 2 m away from the pipeline centerline, increased at rates of 0.063°C/a and 1.0 m/a. The thaw bulb developed around the pipe and exhibits a faster lateral expansion;(4) 80-mm-thick insulation could reduce the heat exchange between the pipeline and underlying permafrost and then keep the permafrost and pipe stable. The MAGT and the artificial permafrost table, 4.8 m away from the center line of the pipeline, increased by 0.3°C/a and 0.43 m/a, respectively. Due to the heat disturbance caused by warm oil, the degradation of wetland, controlled burn each autumn and climate warming, the permafrost extent reduced and warmed significantly along the CRCOP route. Field observations provide basic data to clarify the interactions between CRCOP and permafrost degradation and environmental effects in the context of climate change.

关键词： Permafrost warming China-Russia Crude Oil Pipeline Air temperature Soil temperature Climate warming

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An open-labeled, randomized, multicenter phase Ⅱa study of gambogic acid injection for advanced malignant tumors

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Chinese Medical Journal 2013年第9期126卷 1642-1646页

作者： CHI Yihebali ZHAN Xiao-kai YU Hao XIE Guang-ru WANG Zhen-zhong XIAO wei WANG Yong-gang XIONG Fu-xing HU Jun-feng yang Lin CUI cheng-xu WANG Jin-wan Department of Medical Oncology Cancer Institute & Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing 100021 China Department of Hematology and Oncology Chaoyang HospitalBeijing 100020 China Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Jiangsu 210029China Department of Oncology Tianjin Tumor Hospital Tianjin 300060China Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. Lianyungang Jiangsu 222001China Department of Oncology Qilu Hospital Shandong UniversityJinan Shandong 250012 China Department of Internal Oncology the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Hefei Anhui 230022 China

Background Gambogic acid is a pure active compound isolated from the traditional Chinese medicinal plant gamboge （Garcinia morella Desv.）. Based on the preliminary results of a phase I study, this phase Ila study compared the efficacy and safety of different dosage schedules of gambogic acid in patients with advanced malignant tumors. Methods Patients with advanced or metastases cancer who had not received any effective routine conventional treatment or who had failed to respond to the existing conventional treatment were randomly assigned to receive either 45 mg/m2 gambogic acid intravenously from Days 1 to 5 of a 2-week cycle （Group A）, or 45 mg/m2 every other day for a total of five times during a 2-week cycle （Group B）. The primary endpoint was objective response rate （ORR）. Results Twenty-one patients assigned to Group A and 26 to Group B were included in the final analysis. The ORRs were 14.3% in Group A and 0% in Group B. It was not possible to analyze the significant difference because one of the values was zero. The disease control rates （DCRs） were 76.2% in Group A and 61.5% in Group B （P=0.0456）. The observed adverse reactions were mostly Grades I and II, and occurred in most patients after administration of the trial drug. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two arms. Conclusions The preliminary results of this phase Ila exploratory study suggest that gambogic acid has a favorable safety profile when administered at 45 mg/m2. The DCR was greater in patients receiving gambogic acid on Days 1-5 of a 2-week cycle, but the incidence of adverse reactions was similar irrespective of the administration schedule.

关键词： gambogic acid efficacy toxicity advanced malignant tumor

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Recent progress in subatomic particle detection technology

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Frontiers of physics 2013年第5期8卷 548-554页

作者： Zhi-Huan Li Jian-Ling Lou Qi-Te Li Yu-cheng Ge Zhe-wei Yin Yan-Lin Ye School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking University Beijing 100871 China

Particle detection technologies have been largely advanced in ,boratory over the past decade. A neutron sphere was built to detect the decay neutron emitted from the implanted unstable nu eleus, whereas a multi-neutron correlation spectrometer was implemented to detect the forward moving neutrons resulting from breakup reactions. Charged particle telescopes are now equipped with double sided Silicon strip detectors which have excellent energy and position resolutions. Large size gas chambers, such as resistive plate chambers, have been developed in order to achieve high Derformances related to timing or position measurements. The advances of these technologies con tribute substantially to such large science project, as LHC-CMS, and to the experiments with the radioactive nucleus beams.

关键词： subatomic particles detection nuclear physics

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Preliminary study on Salvia miltiorrhiza bung endophytic fungus

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2010年第4期22卷 241-246页

作者： Xi-Ying wei,Ming-Bo Jing,Jin-cheng Wang,Xiao-Jun yang College of Life Sciences,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710062,China College of Life Sciences Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an 710062 China

Objective To select the strains which can produce tanshinone ⅡA like its host plant Salvia miltiorrhiza *** A total of 50 strains of endophytic fungi were isolated from healthy,living and symptomless tissues of Salvia miltiorrhiza bung,among which 29 strains were obtained from the root,14 from the stem,3 from the leaf,3 from the flower and 1 from the *** antimicrobial activities against nine different bacteria,including both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria,were measured by Oxford plate agar diffusion *** Our data showed that all but four strains had significant antibacterial activities on at least one indicator bacterium to some extent,and five strains(DR1,DR4,DR16,DR18 and DF2)manifested quite prominent antibacterial activities against certain pathogenic *** some degree,it might indicate that this endophytic fungus isolated from the tissues of Salvia miltiorrhiza bung has a potential value as a natural antibacterial medicine as *** layer chromatography(TLC)and high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)were carried out to test selected strains,both inside and outside of the cell to see if any strain can produce tanshinone Ⅱ*** result showed that extracts from three strains,labeled as DR12(outside cell),DR21(inside cell)and DF3(inside cell),had a component with the same Rf value in TLC assay as that of authentic tanshinone Ⅱ*** extract from DR12(outside cell)and DR21(inside cell)had a peak at retention time identical to that of authentic tanshinone ⅡA in *** The fungi appear to produce the bioactive compound tanshinone ⅡA,and they could be used to produce tanshinone ⅡA by *** provides a new way to synthesize this natural medicine.

关键词： salvia miltiorrhiza bung endophytic fungus antimicrobial activity tanshinone ⅡA

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Mapping loci controlling fatty acid profiles, oil and protein content by genome-wide association study in Brassica napus

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The Crop Journal 2019年第2期7卷 217-226页

作者： Minqiang Tang Yuanyuan Zhang Yueying Liu Chaobo Tong Xiaohui cheng wei Zhu Zaiyun Li Junyan Huang Shengyi Liu The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops The Ministry of Agriculture Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement National Center of Crop Molecular Breeding Technology National Center of Oil Crop Improvement (Wuhan) Huazhong Agricultural University Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-Resources Faculty of Life Science Hubei University

Optimizing the profile and quantity of fatty acids in rapeseed(Brassica napus L.) is critical for maximizing the value of edible oil and biodiesel. However, selection of these complex seed quality traits is difficult before haplotypes controlling their contents are identified. To efficiently identify genetic loci influencing these traits and underlying candidate genes and networks, we performed a genome-wide association study(GWAS) of eight seed quality traits(oil and protein content, palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, eicosenoic and erucic acids content). The GWAS population comprised 370 diverse accessions, which were phenotyped in five environments and genotyped using 60K SNP arrays. The results indicated that oil and protein contents generally showed negative correlations, while fatty acid contents showed positive or negative correlations,with palmitic and erucic acid contents directly affecting oil content. Seven SNPs on five chromosomes were associated with both seed oil and protein content, and five genes orthologous to genes in Arabidopsis thaliana were predicted as candidates. From resequencing data, besides known haplotypes in Bna ***1.a and Bna ***1.a, three accessions harboring a new haplotype conferring moderate erucic acid content were identified. Interestingly, in a haplotype block, one haplotype was associated with high palmitic acid content and low oil content, while the others showed the reverse effects. This finding was consistent with a negative correlation between palmitic acid and oil contents, suggesting historical selection for high oil content. The identification by this study of genetic variation and complex correlations of eight seed quality traits may be beneficial for crop selection strategies.

关键词： Brassica napus Oil content Fatty acid profiles Association study Haplotypes

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Metal Exposure and Risk of Diabetes and Prediabetes among Chinese Occupational Workers

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2015年第12期28卷 875-883页

作者： yang Ai Min cheng Ning PU Hong Quan LIU Si Min LI Juan Sheng BASSIG Bryan A. DAI Min LI Hai Yan HU Xiao Bin REN Xiao wei ZHENG Tong Zhang BAI Ya Na Institute of Epidemiology and Statistics School of Public HealthLanzhou University Department of Epidemiology School of Public HealthBrown University Center of Medical Laboratory Lanzhou University Workers’ Hospital of Jinchuan Group Co. Ltd. Department of Environmental Health Sciences School of Public HealthYale University Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences

Objective To study the association between metal exposure and risk of diabetes and prediabetes among Chinese workers exposed to *** We used data obtained from the baseline survey of the Jinchang Cohort Study of workers in Jinchang Industry,the largest nickel production company in China.A total of 42,122 workers ≥20 years of age were included in the study.A standardized,structured questionnaire was used to collect epidemiological *** examinations and laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate the health status of the participants and to measure various biomarkers including blood sugar,lipids,and urinary metal *** regression was used to study the association between occupational groups categorized according to the measured metal levels(office workers,low-level;mining/production workers,mid-level;and smelting/refining workers,high-level)and risk of diabetes and *** The overall prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes was 7.5% and 16.8%,*** adjusted odds ratios for diabetes among mining/production workers and smelting/refining workers compared to office workers were 1.5(95% CI:1.3,1.7)and 3.8(95% CI:3.4,4.3),*** association was observed between these occupational groups and prediabetes in this *** Occupations associated with higher levels of metal exposure were associated with an increased risk of diabetes in this *** studies are needed to confirm this observed association.

关键词： Metals Occupational exposure Diabetes Prediabetes Risk factors

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Performance of real‑time neutron/gamma discrimination methods

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2023年第1期34卷 102-110页

作者： Shi‑Xing Liu wei Zhang Zi‑Han Zhang Shuang Lin Hong‑Rui Cao cheng‑Xin Song Jin‑Long Zhao Guo‑Qiang Zhong School of Electronics Hefei University of TechnologyHefei 230009China China Nuclear Power Engineering Co. LtdBeijing 100840China Institute of Plasma Physics Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China

Nuclear security usually requires the simultaneous detection of neutrons and gamma *** the development of crystalline materials in recent years,Cs2LiLaBr6(CLLB)dual-readout detectors have attracted extensive attention from researchers,where real-time neutron/gamma pulse discrimination is the critical factor among detector performance *** study investigated the discrimination performance of the charge comparison,amplitude comparison,time comparison,and pulse gradient_(m)ethods and the effects of a Sallen–Key filter on their *** results show that the figure of merit(FOM)of all four methods is improved by proper *** them,the charge comparison method exhibits excellent noise resistance;moreover,it is the most_(s)uitable method of real-time discrimination for CLLB ***,its discrimination performance depends on the parameters t_(s),t_(m),and t_(e).When t_(s)corresponds to the moment at which the pulse is at 10%of its peak value,t_(e)requires a delay of only 640–740 ns compared to t_(s),at which time the potentially optimal FOM of the charge comparison method at 3.1–3.3 MeV is greater than *** FOM obtained using the t_(m)value calculated by a proposed maximized discrimination difference model(MDDM)and the potentially optimal FOM differ by less than 3.9%,indicating that the model can provide good guidance for parameter selection in the charge comparison method.

关键词： Charge comparison Maximized discrimination difference model Pulse filtering Real time n-γdiscrimination

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北京市地下水有机氯和有机磷农药健康风险评价

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环境科学 2018年第1期39卷 117-122页

作者：陈卫平彭程伟杨阳吴玉梅中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域国家重点实验室北京100085 中国科学院大学北京100049 北京市水文总站北京100038

地下水有机氯(OCPs)和有机磷(OPPs)农药污染是水资源保护的重点问题.应用固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术测定北京市18个地下水样品内16种有机氯和6种有机磷农药的含量.北京市地下水检出7种OPCs和2种***以六氯苯、六六六和滴滴涕为主,... 详细信息

地下水有机氯(OCPs)和有机磷(OPPs)农药污染是水资源保护的重点问题.应用固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术测定北京市18个地下水样品内16种有机氯和6种有机磷农药的含量.北京市地下水检出7种OPCs和2种***以六氯苯、六六六和滴滴涕为主,峰值分别为82.4、193和158 ng·L^(-1).OPPs检出敌敌畏和乐果,峰值分别为7.1 ng·L^(-1)和17.7ng·L^(-1).OCPs和OPPs检出点位多分布于污灌区.不确定性评价显示北京市人群经饮水途径摄入OCPs和OPPs非致癌和致癌风险均在可控范围内,其中OCPs非致癌和致癌风险均较高,女性为较敏感受体.对地下水中六六六和滴滴涕的监测应引起重视.

关键词：地下水有机氯农药有机磷农药 Monte Carlo模拟

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Creep prediction model for nickel-based single-crystal superalloys considering precipitation of TCP phase

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Rare Metals 2021年第10期40卷 2892-2904页

作者： Xiao-Yan Wang Jia-Jia Wang cheng-Jiang Zhang Wen-wei Tong Bo Jiang Guang-Xian Lu Zhi-Xun Wen Tao Feng Department of Engineering Mechanics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China School of Science Xi’an Shiyou UniversityXi’an 710065China School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

The microstructure of nickel-based single-crystal(SC) superalloys has a pivotal influence on their creep properties. The addition of the Re element not only enhances the long-term creep properties of nickel-based SC superalloys, but also results in the formation of a topologically close-packed(TCP) phase which is a harmful and brittle hard phase. Here, high-temperature creep interruption tests of a nickel-based SC superalloy that contains4.8 wt% Re were performed under various temperatures and stress conditions, and the evolution of microstructure during creep was observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The volume fraction of the TCP phase was also extracted to explore the mechanism that controls the impacts of the TCP phase on the creep *** to the microstructure evolution mechanism, the influence of the TCP phase was attributed to the initial damage and critical shear stress of the material. A creep performance prediction model for nickel-based SC superalloys considering the precipitation of the TCP phase that is based on the crystal plasticity theory and a modified creep damage model was established. The simulation curves fit well with the experimental results and the errors between prediction creep life with test results are within 5%.

关键词： TCP phase Nickel-based single-crystal superalloys Microstructure evolution Creep performance prediction Crystal plasticity theory

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