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Study on the particle breakage of ballast based on a GPU accelerated discrete element method

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第2期11卷 461-471页

作者： Guang-Yu Liu Wen-Jie Xu qi-cheng sun Nicolin Govender State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Hydraulic Engineering Department of Hydraulic EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Chemical Engineering University of SurreyUnited Kingdom

Breakage of particles will have greatly influence on mechanical behavior of granular material(GM)under external loads,such as ballast,rockfill and *** discrete element method(DEM)is one of the most popular methods for simulating GM as each particle is represented on its *** study breakage mechanism of particle breakage,a cohesive contact mode is developed based on the GPU accelerated DEM code-Blaze-DEM.A database of the 3D geometry model of rock blocks is established based on the 3D scanning *** an agglomerate describing the rock block with a series of non-overlapping spherical particles is used to build the DEM numerical model of a railway ballast sample,which is used to the DEM oedometric test to study the particles’breakage characteristics of the sample under external ***,to obtain the meso-mechanical parameters used in DEM,a black-analysis method is used based on the laboratory tests of the rock *** on the DEM numerical tests,the particle breakage process and mechanisms of the railway ballast are *** results show that the developed code can better used for large scale simulation of the particle breakage analysis of granular material.

关键词： Discrete element method(DEM) Particle breakage Graphical processing unit(GPU) Railway ballast Granular material(GM)

Lipid droplets in the nervous system:involvement in cell metabolic homeostasis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 740-750页

作者： Yuchen Zhang Yiqing Chen cheng Zhuang Jingxuan qi Robert Chunhua Zhao Jiao Wang School of Life Sciences Shanghai UniversityShanghaiChina School of Medicine Shanghai UniversityShanghaiChina Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences School of Basic MedicinePeking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Clinical Trial of Stem Cell Therapy BeijingChina

Lipid droplets serve as primary storage organelles for neutral lipids in neurons,glial cells,and other cells in the nervous *** droplet formation begins with the synthesis of neutral lipids in the endoplasmic ***,lipid droplets were recognized for their role in maintaining lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis;however,recent research has shown that lipid droplets are highly adaptive organelles with diverse functions in the nervous *** addition to their role in regulating cell metabolism,lipid droplets play a protective role in various cellular stress ***,lipid droplets exhibit specific functions in neurons and glial *** of lipid droplet formation leads to cellular dysfunction,metabolic abnormalities,and nervous system *** review aims to provide an overview of the role of lipid droplets in the nervous system,covering topics such as biogenesis,cellular specificity,and ***,it will explore the association between lipid droplets and neurodegenerative *** the involvement of lipid droplets in cell metabolic homeostasis related to the nervous system is crucial to determine the underlying causes and in exploring potential therapeutic approaches for these diseases.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease lipid droplet biogenesis lipid droplets lipid metabolism nervous system neurodegenerative disorders oxidative stress Parkinson's disease

C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 pathway as a therapeutic target and regulatory mechanism for spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2231-2244页

作者： Xiangzi Wang Xiaofei Niu Yingkai Wang Yang Liu cheng Yang Xuyi Chen Zhongquan qi School of Medicine Guangxi UniversityNanningGuangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina Graduate School of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine TianjinChina Characteristic Medical Center of People’s Armed Police Forces TianjinChina Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital FuzhouFujian ProvinceChina

Spinal cord injury involves non-reversible damage to the central nervous system that is characterized by limited regenerative capacity and secondary inflammatory *** expression of the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis exhibits significant differences before and after *** studies have revealed that the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis is closely associated with secondary inflammatory responses and the recruitment of immune cells following spinal cord injury,suggesting that this axis is a novel target and regulatory control point for *** review comprehensively examines the therapeutic strategies targeting the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis,along with the regenerative and repair mechanisms linking the axis to spinal cord ***,we summarize the upstream and downstream inflammatory signaling pathways associated with spinal cord injury and the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 *** review primarily elaborates on therapeutic strategies that target the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis and the latest progress of research on antagonistic drugs,along with the approaches used to exploit new therapeutic targets within the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 axis and the development of targeted ***,there are presently no clinical studies relating to spinal cord injury that are focusing on the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 *** review aims to provide new ideas and therapeutic strategies for the future treatment of spinal cord injury.

关键词： apoptosis C-C motif chemokine ligand 2/C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 pathway C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 antagonists chemokine ligand 2 chemokine receptor 2 inflammation macrophage microglia spinal cord injury therapeutic method

Flow resistance characteristics of water in narrow annulus during heat exchange

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Journal of Marine Science and Application 2003年第1期2卷 41-44页

作者： sun Li-cheng, YAN Chang-qi, sun Zhong-ning, ZHANG qing-hua School of Power and Nuclear Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China School of Power and Nuclear Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin China

Considering the special resistance characteristics of fluids flowing through ducts with small gaps, experiments are performed to investigate the resistance characteristics of single-phase water, which is forced to flow through ver tical annuli. The gap sizes are 0.9, 1.4 and 2.4mm, respectively. The experiments are conducted under condition of 1atm. The water in the annuli is heated by high temperature water reversely flowing through the inner tube and the outer annulus. The results show that the flow pattern begin to change from laminar to turbulent before Reynolds number approaches 2000, the flow resistance in annulus has little relations with the temperature difference and ways of being heated, but mainly depends on the ratio of mass flux to the width of annulus.

关键词： narrow annulus frictional pressure drop resistance characteristics

Flexible molecules dedicate to release strain of inverted inorganic perovskite solar cell

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 87-93页

作者： Hongrui sun Sanlong Wang Pengyang Wang Yali Liu Shanshan qi Biao Shi Ying Zhao Xiaodan Zhang Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials and CellsNankai University Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology of Ministry of Education Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)

The tensile strain in inorganic perovskite films induced by thermal annealing is one of the primary factors contributing to the inefficiency and instability of inorganic perovskite solar cells （IPSCs）,which reduces the defect formation ***,a flexible molecule 5-maleimidovaleric acid （5-MVA） was introduced as a strain buffer to release the residual strain of *** anhydride and carboxyl groups in 5-MVA interact strongly with the uncoordinated Pb2+through Lewis acid-base reaction,thus tightly“pull”the perovskite *** in-between soft carbon chain increased the structural flexibility of CsPbI2.85Br0.15perovskite materials,which effectively relieved the intrinsic internal strain of CsPbI2.85Br0.15,resisted the corrosion of external strain,and also reduced the formation of defects such as VIand *** addition,the introduction of 5-MVA improved crystal quality,passivated residual defects,and narrowed energy level ***,power conversion efficiency （PCE） of NiOxbased inverted IPSCs increased from 19.25% to 20.82% with the open-circuit voltage enhanced from 1.164 V to 1.230 *** release of strain also improved the stability of CsPbI2.85Br0.15perovskite films and devices.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells

A matrix metalloproteinase-responsive hydrogel system controls angiogenic peptide release for repair of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 503-517页

作者： qi Liu Jianye Xie Runxue Zhou Jin Deng Weihong Nie Shuwei sun Haiping Wang Chunying Shi Department of Human Anatomy Histology and EmbryologySchool of Basic MedicineQingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina Department of Neurology The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina Department of General Practice The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong ProvinceChina

Vascular endothelial growth factor and its mimic peptide KLTWQELYQLKYKGI(QK)are widely used as the most potent angiogenic factors for the treatment of multiple ischemic ***,conventional topical drug delivery often results in a burst release of the drug,leading to transient retention(inefficacy)and undesirable diffusion(toxicity)in ***,a drug delivery system that responds to changes in the microenvironment of tissue regeneration and controls vascular endothelial growth factor release is crucial to improve the treatment of ischemic *** metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2)is gradually upregulated after cerebral ***,vascular endothelial growth factor mimic peptide QK was self-assembled with MMP-2-cleaved peptide PLGLAG(TIMP)and customizable peptide amphiphilic(PA)molecules to construct nanofiber hydrogel ***-TIMP-QK was found to control the delivery of QK by MMP-2 upregulation after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and had a similar biological activity with vascular endothelial growth factor in *** results indicated that PA-TIMP-QK promoted neuronal survival,restored local blood circulation,reduced blood-brain barrier permeability,and restored motor *** findings suggest that the self-assembling nanofiber hydrogel PA-TIMP-QK may provide an intelligent drug delivery system that responds to the microenvironment and promotes regeneration and repair after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.

关键词： angiogenesis biomaterial blood-brain barrier cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury control release drug delivery inflammation QK peptides matrix metalloproteinase-2 neuroprotection self-assembling nanofiber hydrogel

Metal nanoparticles decorated CoFe-(oxy)hydroxysulfides nanosheets fabricated by a general strategy for electrocatalytic water splitting

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 26-38页

作者： Xiaodong Yang Haochen Shen Xiaoming Xiao Zhichao Li qi Zhou Wei Yang Bin Jiang Yongli sun Luhong Zhang Zhenhua Yan School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) Nankai University

This study presents a novel method to fabricate metal-decorated,sulfur-doped layered double hydroxides （M/SLDH） through spontaneous redox and sulfurization *** developed Ag/SLDH and Pt/SLDH catalysts with abundant heterogeneous interfaces and hierarchical nanostructures demonstrated outstanding oxygen evolution reaction （OER） and hydrogen evolution reaction （HER） performance,achieving low overpotentials of 212 and 35 mV at 10 mA cm-2in 1 M KOH,*** both anode and cathode in water splitting,they required only 1.47 V to reach 10 mA cm-2and exhibited high structural robustness,maintaining stability at 1000 mA cm-2for 300 ***-situ Raman analysis revealed that the synergistic effects of metal nanoparticles and S doping significantly promote the transformation into the S-Co1-xFexOOH layer,which serves as the active phase for water ***,ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy （UPS） and density functional theory （DFT） analyses indicated that incorporating metal nanoparticles and S doping increase electron density near the Fermi level and reduce reaction energy barriers,thus enhancing intrinsic OER and HER *** study provides a scalable strategy for synthesizing high-performance electrocatalysts for water splitting,with promising potential for broader applications.

关键词： Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy

An Unprecedented Efficiency with Approaching 21%Enabled by Additive‑Assisted Layer‑by‑Layer Processing in Organic Solar Cells

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 372-375页

作者： Shuai Xu Youdi Zhang Yanna sun Pei cheng Zhaoyang Yao Ning Li Long Ye Lijian Zuo Ke Gao Key Laboratory of Advanced Green Functional Materials College of ChemistryChangchun Normal UniversityChangchun 130032People’s Republic of China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShandong UniversityQingdao 266237People’s Republic of China College of Polymer Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento‑Organic Chemistry Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer MaterialsRenewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center(RECAST)College of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin 300071People’s Republic of China Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640People’s Republic of China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjin 300350People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and FunctionalizationDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China

Recently published in Joule,Feng Liu and colleagues from Shanghai Jiaotong University reported a record-breaking 20.8%power conversion efficiency in organic solar cells(OSCs)with an interpenetrating fibril network active layer morphology,featuring a bulk p-in structure and proper vertical segregation achieved through additive-assisted layer-by-layer *** optimized hierarchical gradient fibrillar morphology and optical management synergistically facilitates exciton diffusion,reduces recombination losses,and enhances light capture *** approach not only offers a solution to achieving high-efficiency devices but also demonstrates the potential for commercial applications of OSCs.

关键词： Organic solar cells Additive-assisted layer-by-layer processing Three-dimensional fibril morphology Bulk p-i-n structure Optical management

Microstructure Evolution and Mechanism of Strength Development of Fly Ash Paste

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 152-163页

作者： MA Shuzhao WU Shunchuan HUANG Mingqing cheng Haiyong JIANG Guanzhao NIU Yonghui LIU Zemin sun Wei Faculty of Land Resources Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China Zijin School of Ge-ology and Mining Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China

Three types of activators such as sodium hydroxide,calcium oxide and triethanolamine(TEA)are used to establish different activation environments to address the problems associated with the process of activating fly ash *** conducted mechanical tests and numerical simulations to understand the evolution of microstructure,and used environmental scanning electron microscopy(ESEM)and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS)techniques to analyze the microenvironments of the *** mechanical properties of fly ash paste under different activation conditions and the changes in the microstructure and composition were *** results revealed that under conditions of low NaOH content(1%-3%),the strength of the sample increased *** the content exceeded 4%,the rate of increase in strength *** on the results,the optimal NaOH content was identified,which was about 4%.A good activation effect,especially for short-term activation(3-7 d),was achieved using TEA under high doping *** activation effect was poor for long-term strength after 28 *** CaO content did not significantly affect the degree of activation *** maximum effect was exerted when the content of CaO was 2%.The virtual cement and concrete testing laboratory(VCCTL)was used to simulate the hydration process,and the results revealed that the use of the three types of activators accelerated the formation of Ca(OH)_(2) in the *** activators also corroded the surface of the fly ash particles,resulting in a pozzolanic *** active substances in fly ash were released efficiently,and hydration was *** pores were filled with hydration products,and the microstructure changed to form a new frame of paste filling that helped improve the strength of fly ash paste.

关键词： paste filling fly ash activator unconfined compressive strength microstructure hydration simulation