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Tough Semi-interpenetrating Polyvinylpyrrolidone/Polyacrylamide Hydrogels Enabled by Bioinspired Hydrogen-bonding Induced Phase Separation

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第5期42卷 591-603,I0006页

作者： Qiong-Jun Xu Zhao-Yang Yuan Chang-cheng Wang Hao Liang Yu Shi Hai-Tao Wu hu Xu Jing Zheng Jin-Rong Wu State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering College of Polymer Science and EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu610065China

Semi-interpenetrating(semi-IPN)hydrogels formed by the continuous interpenetration of cross-linked polymer network and linear non-crosslinked polymer with multifunctionality are widely used in biomedical and other fields.However,the negative impact of linear polymer on the homogeneity of the cross-linked network often leads to a decrease in the mechanical properties of semi-IPN hydrogels and severely limits their applications.Herein,a bioinspired hydrogen-bonding induced phase separation strategy is presented to construct the tough semi-IPN polyvinylpyrrolidone/polyacrylamide hydrogels(named PVP/PAM hydrogels),including the linear polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)and cross-linked polyacrylamide(PAM)network.The resultant PVPx/PAM hydrogels exhibit unique phase separation induced by the hydrogen bonding between PVP and PAM and affected by the amount of substance of PVP.Meanwhile,the phase separation of PVPx/PAM hydrogels results in excellent mechanical properties with a strain of 2590%,tensile strength of 0.28 MPa and toughness of 2.17 MJ/m^(3).More importantly,the hydrogen bonding between PVP and PAM firstly disrupts to dissipate energy under external forces,so the PVPx/PAM hydrogels exhibit good self-recovery properties and outperform chemically cross-linked PAM hydrogels in impact resistance and damping applications.It is believed that the PVPx/PAM hydrogels with hydrogen-bonding induced phase separation possess more potential application prospects.

关键词： Tough Semi-interpenetrating networks Polyvinylpyrrolidone/polyacrylamide Hydrogels Phase separation

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Resurvey After 20 Years:Updating the Distribution,Population,and Potential Threats of the Chinting Alpine Toad

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Asian Herpetological Research 2024年第2期15卷 73-81页

作者： Yuezheng FAN Qingfeng CHEN Yuwen cheng Kaicheng TANG Ling SUN Yonghao huANG Lan ZHAO Dong LIANG Xiaoyi WANG Junhua hu chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041SichuanChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China The State-owned Forest Farm of Hongya County Meishan 620360SichuanChina Sichuan Mt.Emei Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station Leshan 614201SichuanChina

Considering the increased anthropogenic impacts,species with a limited range and low detectability often lack fundamental information and conservation actions,placing them at a high risk of endangerment.The Chinting alpine toad Scutiger chintingensis is a rare mountain amphibian endemic to the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in China.Within its whole distribution range,only three known populations(Wolong,Emei,and Wawu)exist and no recent population status report has been documented for this species over the past two decades.From 2020 to 2023,we investigated the species distribution,and assessed the risk factors for the main populations.We recorded this species in all distribution areas,and updated a new distribution site with a lower elevation limit.The relative population density was 0.024±0.012 ind./m^(2)on Mount Emei,whereas only 0.008±0.017 ind./m^(2)on Mount Wawu.No significant difference was observed in the number of individuals between the two populations;however,the relative population density was significantly different.Sewage and waste discharge resulting from the construction of scenic areas,as well as disturbances from tourism,were the primary anthropogenic factors that influenced the survival of this species.Our results provide the updated information on the distribution and population status of the Chinting alpine toad,and suggest that unrecorded populations,as well as a wider elevation range,may exist for this species.Our findings emphasise the importance of timely updates of species distribution and population information and offer a basis for the future conservation of endangered amphibians.

关键词： distribution endemic amphibian population size Scutiger chintingensis threat factor

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Detection of astrophysical gravitational wave sources by TianQin and LISA

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第5期67卷 123-163页

作者： Alejandro Torres-Orjuela Shun-Jia huang Zheng-cheng Liang Shuai Liu Hai-Tian Wang Chang-Qing Ye Yi-Ming hu Jianwei Mei MOE Key Laboratory of Tian Qin Mission Tian Qin Research Center for Gravitational PhysicsSchool of Physics and AstronomyFrontiers Science Center for Tian QinGravitational Wave Research Center of CNSASun Yat-Sen University(Zhuhai Campus)Zhuhai 519082China Department of Physics The University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking UniversityBeijing100871China

TianQin and LISA are space-based laser interferometer gravitational wave(GW)detectors planned to be launched in the mid-2030s.Both detectors will detect low-frequency GWs around 10^(-2)Hz;however,Tian Qin is more sensitive to frequencies above this common sweet-spot while LISA is more sensitive to frequencies below 10^(-2)Hz.Therefore,Tian Qin and LISA will be able to detect the same sources but with different accuracy depending on the source and its parameters.We consider some of the most important astrophysical sources—massive black hole binaries,stellar-mass black hole binaries,double white dwarfs,extreme mass ratio inspirals,light and heavy intermediate mass ratio inspirals,as well as the stochastic gravitational background of astrophysical origin—that Tian Qin and LISA will be able to detect.For each of these sources,we analyze how far they can be detected(detection distance)and how well their parameters can be measured(detection accuracy)using a Fisher Matrix analysis.We compare the results obtained by the three detection scenarios(Tian Qin alone,LISA alone,and joint detection by LISA and Tian Qin)highlighting the gains from joint detection as well as the contribution of Tian Qin and LISA to a combined study of astrophysical sources.In particular,we consider the different orientations,lifetimes,and duty cycles of the two detectors to explore how they can give a more complete picture when working together.

关键词： wave extreme stochastic

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Efficacy of Jiangzhi Xiaoban tablet(降脂消斑片)on toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-kappa B/nod-like receptor protein 3 signaling pathway in mice with atherosclerosis induced by high-fat diet

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第1期44卷 88-94页

作者： LIU huihui FENG Jun LIU Jianhe cheng Choufu hu Guoheng hunan University of Chinese Medicine Changsha 410208China Department of Geriatrics the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410007China Department of Cardiology the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410007China Department of Neurology the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangsha 410007China

OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of Jiangzhi Xiaoban tablet(降脂消斑片,JZXB)on toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)/Nod-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)signaling pathway expression in atherosclerosis(AS)mice by establishing a mouse model of AS,and to explore its mechanism of prevention and treatment of AS.METHODS:Sixty-four male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into two groups,12 in the normal control group and 52 in the model group(MOD).Seven weeks later,two mice in each of the above two groups were randomly sacrificed,and the whole aortic tissue of the mice was taken out for hematoxylin-eosin staining.After successful modeling,50 mice in the modeling group were randomly divided into 5 groups:MOD,atorvastatin group(ATO),low-dose group of JZXB(JZXB-L),middle-dose group of JZXB(JZXB-M),and high-dose group of JZXB(JZXB-H),10 mice in each group.The mice in each group were killed after 6 weeks of preventive administration.HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of aorta in AS mice.The levels of serum triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer.The levels of inflammatory factor interleukin-1β(IL-1β)were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.The expression of TLR4,NF-κB and NLRP3 proteins in aortic tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS:Compared with the MOD,the levels of serum TC,TG and LDL-C in the JZXB-H and ATO were significantly decreased,while the level of HDL-C was significantly increased.The levels of serum TG,LDL-C in the JZXB-M were significantly decreased,and the level of HDL-C was significantly increased.Compared with the MOD,the levels of IL-1βwere significantly decreased,aortic lesions were significantly improved,and the expression of TLR4,NF-κB,and NLRP3 proteins in the aortic tissue was significantly decreased in the JZXB-H,JZXB-M,and ATO.CONCLUSION:JZXB has inhibitory effect on atherosclerosis in mice,and its mechanism may

关键词： atherosclerosis toll-like receptor 4 NF-kappa B NLR proteins signal transduction inflammation Jiangzhi Xiaoban tablet

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A flame-retardant binder with high polysulfide affinity for safe and stable lithium–sulfur batteries

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第3期67卷 1028-1036页

作者： Guowei Yu Guofeng Ye cheng Wang Chenyang Wang Zhaoyun Wang Pu hu Yu Li Xi-Xi Feng Shuang-Jie Tan Min Yan Sen Xin Zhitian Liu hubei Key Laboratory of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Optoelectronic and New Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringWuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesBeijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS)Institute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Lithium-sulfur(Li-S) batteries have shown promises for the next-generation, high-energy electrochemical storage, yet are hindered by rapid performance decay due to the polysulfide shuttle in the cathode and safety concerns about potential thermal runaway. To address the above challenges, herein, we show a flame-retardant cathode binder that simultaneously improves the electrochemical stability and safety of batteries. The combination of soft and hard segments in the polymer framework of binders allows high flexibility and mechanical strength for adapting to the drastic volume change during the Li(de)intercalation of the S cathode. The binder contains a large number of polar groups, which show the high affinity to polysulfides so that they help to anchor active S species at the cathode. These polar groups also help to regulate and facilitate the Li-ion transport, promoting the kinetics of polysulfide conversion reaction. The binder contains abundant phosphine oxide groups, which, in the case of battery's thermal runaway, decompose and release PO· radicals to quench the combustion reactions and stop the fire. Consequently, Li-S batteries using the new cathode binder show the improved electrochemical performance, including a low-capacity decay of 0.046% per cycle for 800 cycles at 1 C and favorable rate capabilities of up to 3 C. This work offers new insights on the practical realization of high-energy rechargeable batteries with stable storage electrochemistry and high safety.

关键词： lithium–sulfur battery polymer binder polysulfide affinity flame retardancy

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A robust tracking method focusing on target fluctuation and maneuver characteristics

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2022年第11期65卷 263-280页

作者： Weiming TIAN Linlin FANG Rui WANG Weidong LI Chao ZHOU cheng hu Radar Research Lab School of Information and Electronics Beijing Institute of Technology Key Laboratory of Electronic and Information Technology in Satellite Navigation (Beijing Institute of Technology) Ministry of Education Advanced Technology Research Institute Beijing Institute of Technology

Radar is an important tool for aiding in bird strike mitigation as part of overall safety management systems at civilian and military airfields. However, the diverse movement trajectories and irregular echo power fluctuations cause existing multitarget tracking algorithms to face many challenges such as detection uncertainty and maneuver uncertainty. Therefore, this paper proposes a robust tracking method focusing on target fluctuation and maneuver characteristics. Firstly, a tracking information feedback mechanism based on the fluctuation model of bird targets is established, and the measurement set in the predicted gate is reconstructed to solve the problem of track breakages caused by the echo power fluctuation. Secondly, an adaptive parameter filter model is designed to enhance maneuver adaptability. Finally, simulation and experimental data verification show that the proposed method is more adaptive to bird target characteristics and can effectively improve the tracking performance without significantly increasing computation.

关键词： radar bird targets echo power fluctuation maneuver multitarget tracking

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Application of carbon-supported single-atom catalysts for electrochemical reactions

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新型炭材料(中英文) 2024年

作者： WANG Yi-cheng MA Xiao-bo Ayeza WANG Chen-xu LI Yang YANG cheng-long WANG Zhe-fan WANG Chao hu Chao ZHANG Ya-ting Xi'an Thermal Power Research Institute Co. Ltd. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xi'an University of Science and Technology Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University

The recent advances in carbon-supported single-atom catalysts (SACs) for electrochemical reactions are comprehensively reviewed. The development and advantages of carbon-supported SACs are briefly introduced, followed by a detailed summary of the synthesis strategies employed for various carbon-supported SACs, including vapor phase transport, high temperature pyrolysis,and wet chemical methods. Subsequently, the advanced characterization techniques for carbon-supported SACs are reviewed. The applications of carbon-supported SACs in diverse fields, such as oxygen reduction reaction, carbon dioxide reduction reaction, nitrogen reduction reaction, hydrogen evolution reaction, and oxygen evolution reaction are summarized. Special emphasis is given to the modification strategies enabling carbon-supported SACs to exhibit excellent electrocatalytic performance. Finally, the prospects and challenges associated with utilizing carbon-supported SACs for electrochemical reactions are discussed.

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Targeted mutations of BnPAP2 lead to a yellow seed coat in Brassica napus L.

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第2期23卷 724-730页

作者： Wei huang Ruyu Jiao Hongtao cheng Shengli Cai Jia Liu Qiong hu Lili Liu Bao Li Tonghua Wang Mei Li Dawei Zhang Mingli Yan hunan Research Center of Heterosis Utilization in Rapeseed/Crop Research Institute Hunan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangsha 410125China hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization/School of Life and Health Science Hunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtan 411201China Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Oil Crops Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430062China

The yellow seed trait is preferred by breeders for its potential to improve the seed quality and commercial value of Brassica napus.In the present study,we produced yellow seed mutants using a CRISPR/Cas9 system when the two BnPAP2 homologs were knocked out.Histochemical staining of the seed coat demonstrated that proanthocyanidin accumulation was significantly reduced in the pap2 double mutants and decreased specifically in the endothelial and palisade layer cells of the seed coat.Transcriptomic and metabolite profiling analysis suggested that disruption of the BnPAP2 genes could reduce the expression of structural and regulated genes in the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthetic pathways.The broad suppression of these genes might hinder proanthocyanidin accumulation during seed development,and thereby causing the yellow seed trait in B.napus.These results indicate that BnPAP2 might play a vital role in the regulatory network controlling proanthocyanidin accumulation.

关键词： yellow seed BnPAP2 proanthocyanidins CRISPR/Cas9

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Prognostic relevance of ventricular arrhythmias in surgical patients with gastrointestinal tumors

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第5期16卷 1787-1795页

作者： Jiao-Jie Xue Su-Tian hu Chong-Chong Wang Zhi-Chong Chen Shi-Yao cheng Shu-Qi Yu hua-Jing Peng Yi-Tao Zhang Wei-Jie Zeng Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Sixth Affiliated HospitalGuangzhou 510655Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510700Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Ultrasound Fuwai HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences ShenzhenShenzhen 518052Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Kidney Internal Medicine Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated HospitalGuangzhou 510062Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Individuals diagnosed with gastrointestinal tumors are at an increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases.Among which,ventricular arrhythmia is a prevalent clinical concern.This suggests that ventricular arrhythmias may have predictive value in the prognosis of patients with gastrointestinal tumors.AIM To explore the prognostic value of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with gastrointestinal tumors receiving surgery.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed data from 130 patients undergoing gastrointestinal tumor resection.These patients were evaluated by a 24-h ambulatory electrocardiogram(ECG)at the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2018 to June 2020.Additionally,41 general healthy age-matched and sexmatched controls were included.Patients were categorized into survival and non-survival groups.The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality,and secondary endpoints included major adverse cardiovascular events(MACEs).RESULTS Colorectal tumors comprised 90%of cases.Preoperative ambulatory ECG monitoring revealed that among the 130 patients with gastrointestinal tumors,100(76.92%)exhibited varying degrees of premature ventricular contractions(PVCs).Ten patients(7.69%)manifested non-sustained ventricular tachycardia(NSVT).The patients with gastrointestinal tumors exhibited higher PVCs compared to the healthy controls on both conventional ECG[27(21.3)vs 1(2.5),P=0.012]and 24-h ambulatory ECG[14(1.0,405)vs 1(0,6.5),P35/24 h to all-cause mortality,and NSVT was associated with MACE.However,neither PVC burden nor NSVT independently predicted outcomes according to multivariate analysis.CONCLUSION Patients with gastrointestinal tumors exhibited elevated PVCs.PVCs>35/24 h and NSVT detected by 24-h ambulatory ECG were prognostically significant but were not found to be ind

关键词： Ventricular arrhythmia Gastrointestinal tumor Major adverse cardiovascular events Prognostic Surgery

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Electronic-scale assessment of high-temperature oxidation mechanisms in a novel Fe-based alloy

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第4期31卷 982-997页

作者： Wei-di Luo Ting-ping Hou Xuan Liang Dong Zhang Heng-fu Lin Yu Li Tian-liang Zhao cheng-yang hu Serhii Yershov Kai-ming Wu The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy.Wuhan University of Science and Technology.Wuhan 430081 HubeiChina hubei Province Key Laboratory of Systems Science in Meallurgial Process Wuhan University of Science and Technology.Wuhan 430081.Hubei.China International Research Institute for Steel Technology Wuhan University of Science and Technology.Wuhan 430081.HubeiChina Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Steels w uhan University of Science and Technology.Wuhan 430081.HuleiChina

The development of alloys with high antioxidation performance is limited by the ambiguous details of the oxidation mechanism.Here,based on the structures of internal oxides detected by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy,a hybrid method combining first-principles calculation,climb image nudged elastic band method and quasi-harmonic Debye model has been implemented to explain the oxidation mechanism with an emphasis on the origin of delamination and cracking.The results showed that the delamination of oxides corresponds to the acceleration of diffusion of Cr element caused by lamellar structures.The reduction in the cracking occurrence at high temperature mainly results from the smaller bulk modulus of oxides.Furthermore,the stronger chemical bonds promoted by lamellar structures also correspond to the higher crackingresistance.

关键词： Oxidation Crystal structure Diffusion Cracking-First-principles calculation

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