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Brain regulates weight bearing bone through PGE2 skeletal interoception: implication of ankle osteoarthritis and pain

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 107-121页

作者： Feng Gao Qimiao hu Wenwei Chen Jilong Li cheng Qi Yiwen Yan cheng Qian Mei Wan James Ficke Junying Zheng Xu Cao Department of Orthopedic Surgery Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMaryland 21205USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMaryland 21205USA

Bone is a mechanosensitive tissue and undergoes constant remodeling to adapt to the mechanical loading environment.However,it is unclear whether the signals of bone cells in response to mechanical stress are processed and interpreted in the brain.In this study,we found that the hypothalamus of the brain regulates bone remodeling and structure by perceiving bone prostaglandin E2(PGE2)concentration in response to mechanical loading.Bone PGE2 levels are in proportion to their weight bearing.When weight bearing changes in the tail-suspension mice,the PGE2 concentrations in bones change in line with their weight bearing changes.Deletion of cyclooxygenase-2(COX2)in the osteoblast lineage cells or knockout of receptor 4(EP4)in sensory nerve blunts bone formation in response to mechanical loading.Moreover,knockout of TrkA in sensory nerve also significantly reduces mechanical load-induced bone formation.Moreover,mechanical loading induces cAMP-response element binding protein(CREB)phosphorylation in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus(ARC)to inhibit sympathetic tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)expression in the paraventricular nucleus(PVN)for osteogenesis.Finally,we show that elevated PGE2 is associated with ankle osteoarthritis(AOA)and pain.Together,our data demonstrate that in response to mechanical loading,skeletal interoception occurs in the form of hypothalamic processing of PGE2-driven peripheral signaling to maintain physiologic bone homeostasis,while chronically elevated PGE2 can be sensed as pain during AOA and implication of potential treatment.

关键词： pain elevated PGE2

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Overcoming the Na-ion conductivity bottleneck for the cost-competitive chloride solid electrolytes

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 1-8页

作者： Lv hu hui Li Fang Chen Yating Liu Jinzhu Wang cheng Ma Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory

Chloride solid electrolytes possess multiple advantages for the construction of safe,energy-dense allsolid-state sodium batteries,but presently the chlorides with sufficiently high cost-competitiveness for commercialization almost all exhibit low Na-ion conductivities of around 10-5S cm-1or lower.Here,we report a chloride solid electrolyte,Na2.7ZFCl5.3O0.7,which reaches a Na-ion conductivity of2.29 × 10-4S cm-1at 25℃ without involving overly expensive raw materials such as rare-earth chlorides or Na2S.In addition to the efficient ion transport,Na2.7ZrCl5.3O0.7also shows an excellent deformability surpassing that of the widely studied Na3PS4,Na3SbS4,and Na2ZrCl6solid electrolytes.The combination of these advantages allows the all-solid-state cell based on Na2.7ZrCl5.3O0.7and NaCrO2to realize stable room-temperature cycling at a much higher specific current than those based on other non-viscoelastic chloride solid electrolytes in literature(120 mA g-1vs.12-55 mA g-1);after 100 cycles at such a high rate,the Na2.7ZFCl5.3O0.7-based cell can still deliver a discharge capacity of 80 mAh g-1at25℃.

关键词： All-solid-state sodium batteries Chlorides High voltage stability Ionic conductivities Solid electrolytes

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The Conversion of Non-Dispersed Polymers into Low-Potassium Anti-Collapse Drilling Fluids

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2024年第2期20卷 325-335页

作者： Hao hu Jian Guan Shanfa Tang Jialuo Rong Yuanpeng cheng School of Petroleum Engineering Yangzte UniversityWuhan430100China hubei Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Drilling and Production Engineering Yangtze UniversityWuhan430100China School of Petroleum Engineering Yangtze UniversityNational Engineering Research Center for Oil&Gas Drilling and Completion TechnologyWuhan430100China Engineering Technology Research Institute of PetroChina Great Wall Drilling Engineering Co. Ltd.Panjin124000China

Different drillingﬂuid systems are designed according to mineral composition,lithology and wellbore stability of different strata.In the present study,the conversion of a non-dispersed polymer drillingﬂuid into a low potas-sium anti-collapsing drillingﬂuid is investigated.Since the two drillingﬂuids belong to completely different types,the key to this conversion is represented by new inhibitors,dispersants and water-loss agents by which a non-dispersed drillingﬂuid can be turned into a dispersed drillingﬂuid while ensuring wellbore stability and reason-able rheology(carrying sand—inhibiting cuttings dispersion).In particular,the(QYZ-1)inhibitors and(FSJSS-2)dispersants are used.The former can inhibit the hydration expansion capacity of clay,reduce the dynamic shear force and weaken the viscosity;the latter can improve the sealing effect and reduce theﬁltrate loss.The results have shown that after adding a reasonable proportion of these substances(QYZ-1:FSJSS-2)to the non-dispersed polymer drillingﬂuid,while the apparent viscosity,plastic viscosity,structural viscosity andﬂuidity index under-went almost negligible changes,the dynamic plastic ratio increased,and theﬁltration loss decreased signiﬁcantly,thereby indicating good compatibility.According to the tests(conducted in the Leijia area),the density was 1.293 g/cm3,and after standing for 24 h,the SF(static settlement factor)was 0.51.Moreover,theﬁltration loss was reduced to 4.0 mL,the rolling recovery rate reached 96.92%,with excellent plugging and anti-collapse performances.

关键词： Non-dispersed polymer drilling fluid low potassium anti-collapsing drilling fluid drilling fluid conversion drilling fluid reuse filter vector

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Macroscopic on-site magnifier-based evaluation to estimate visible tissue core cut-off lengths using EUS-FNA with 22-gauge needles

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第4期137卷 493-495页

作者： Jialiang huang Guilian cheng Wei Wu Liming Xu Longjiang Xu Duanmin hu Department of Gastroenterology Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu 215004China Department of Pathology Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu 215004China

To the Editor:Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration(EUS-FNA)has replaced other high-risk invasive methods and has become the primary method of tissue collection around the gastrointestinal tract.^([1])To further improve the effectiveness and safety of EUS-FNA,pathologists may perform rapid on-site cytology evaluation(ROSE),but this process requires the presence of pathologists.Macroscopic on-site evaluation(MOSE)has gained attention as it resolve the shortage of pathologist resources.^([2])Endoscopists can inspect the tissue core in real time and assess the adequacy of the punctured material.In this study,we conducted a single-center and single-arm exploratory study to explore the value of MOSE in assessing specimen quality during magnifier-based EUS-FNA and to confirm the cut-off length of visible tissue core(VTC)for EUS-FNA to help endosonographers independently predict the adequacy of punctured specimens.The VTC was defined as a white or incarnadine tissue core obtained from focal lesions with a relatively complete histological structure.

关键词： EUS needle visible

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Microstructure,wear and friction behavior of CoCrAITaY-xCNTs composite coatings deposited by laser-induction hybrid cladding

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1815-1827页

作者： Sheng-Feng Zhou Yu Long Yan-Liang Yi cheng Deng Lian-Xi hu Institute of Advanced Wear & Corrosion Resistant and Functional Materials Jinan University Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO) Huazhong University of Science and Technology MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for NonFerrous Metals and Materials Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-Ferrous Metals and Featured Materials Guangxi University School of Mechatronics Engineering Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology

To improve the wear performance of CoCrAlYTa coating,part of the carbon nanotubes（CNTs）chemically reacted with Ta to form reinforcement phase（TaC）,while the other CNTs were retained as lubrication phase.Subsequently,the CoCrAlYTa-xCNTs（x=0,1,2,and 4;wt%） composite coatings were prepared by laserinduction hybrid cladding（LIHC）,and the microstructure and wear resistance of coatings were systematically analyzed.Results show that the coatings are mainly composed of TaC,y-（Co,Cr） and β-（Co,Cr）Al.As the CNTs content increases from 0 wt% to 4 wt%,the volume fraction of TaC increases from 13.11 vol% to 16.12 vol%.Meanwhile,the nano-hardness of γ-（Co,Cr） and β-（Co,Cr）Al are improved from 7.49 and 9.72 to 9.36 and 11.19 GPa,respectively.As a result,the microhardness of coating increases from HV536.25 to HV 738.16,the wear rate decreases from32.4 × 10-3to 6.1 × 10-3mg·m-1,and the average friction coefficient decreases from 0.55 to 0.44.The good wear performance of the coating is attributed to the formation of TaC and the existence of remained CNTs lubricant film.

关键词： Carbon nanotube MCrAlY coating Friction and wear performance Laser-induction hybrid cladding

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Gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids and depression:deep insight into biological mechanisms and potential

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General Psychiatry 2024年第1期37卷 17-32页

作者： Junzhe cheng Hongkun hu Yumeng Ju Jin Liu Mi Wang Bangshan Liu Yan Zhang Department of Psychiatry National Clinical Research Center for Mental DisordersSecond Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina Mental Health Institute of Central South University China National Technology Institute on Mental DisordersHunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental HealthHunan Medical Center for Mental HealthChangshaHunanChina Department of Mental Health Center Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunanChina

The gut microbiota is a complex and dynamic ecosystem known as the second brain'.Composing the microbiota-gut-brain axis,the gut microbiota and its metabolites regulate the central nervous system through neural,endocrine and immune pathways to ensure the normal functioning of the organism,tuning individuals'health and disease status.Short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),the main bioactive metabolites of the gut microbiota,are involved in several neuropsychiatric disorders,including depression.SCFAs have essential effects on each component of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in depression.In the present review,the roles of major SCFAs(acetate,propionate and butyrate)in the pathophysiology of depression are summarised with respect to chronic cerebral hypoperfusion,neuroinflammation,host epigenome and neuroendocrine alterations.Concluding remarks on the biological mechanisms related to gut microbiota will hopefully address the clinical value of microbiota-related treatments for depression.

关键词： alterations inflammation perfusion

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Fermented Lentinus edodes extract containingα-glucan ameliorates concanavalin A-induced autoimmune hepatitis in mice

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Food Science and human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 2102-2115页

作者： Xin hu Dan cheng Yingxia Zhang Po Li Xiaoping Wu Junsheng Fu College of Life Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China Mycological Research Center Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China Shanghai Lithy One-Health Group Technology Co. Ltd.Shanghai 200235China

Autoimmune hepatitis(AIH)is a chronic inflammatory liver disease that threatens human health worldwide.The aim of this study was to detect the protective effect of a fermented Lentinus edodes extract containingα-glucan(FLA),in a concanavalin A(Con A)-induced AIH mouse model and to determine the underlying liver-protective mechanism.The results showed that compared with the model group,the level of proinflammatory cytokines in serum of FLA pretreated mice was significantly decreased,and the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration in liver,thymus and spleen was significantly reduced.Quantitative polymerase chain reaction,immunohistochemistry,and Western blotting showed that FLA pre-treatment inhibited the Con A-induced apoptosis of hepatocytes by down-regulating the expression of BAX and up-regulating the expression of BCL-2.Further research found that FLA may improve liver injury in mice by activating NRF2 signaling pathway and inhibiting TRAF6/NF-κB signaling pathway.Thus,FLA may improve liver injury in mice by shifting gut microbial composition to reduce the release of inflammatory cytokines in the serum and prevent the necrosis of hepatocytes.Up-regulation of NRF2 signaling pathway,down-regulation of TRAF6/NF-κB signaling pathway,and an increase in the relative abundance of Lactobacillus_johnsonii and Ligilactobacillus_murinus play a protective role in liver.

关键词： Autoimmune hepatitis Concanavalin A Lentinus edodes TRAF6/NF-κB NRF2

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Modulating charge separation and transfer for high-performance photoelectrodes via built-in electric field

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 1126-1146页

作者： Houyan cheng Peng Liu Yuntao Cui Ru Ya Yuxiang hu Jinshu Wang Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials of Education Ministry of China Faculty of Engineering and ManufacturingBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Key Laboratory of Cryogenic Science and Technology and Beijing Key Lab of Cryo-Biomedical Engineering Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Inner Mongolia Academy of Science and Technology Hohhot 010020China

Constructing a built-in electric field has emerged as a key strategy for enhancing charge separation and transfer,thereby improving photoelectrochemical performance.Recently,considerable efforts have been devoted to this endeavor.This review systematically summarizes the impact of built-in electric fields on enhancing charge separation and transfer mechanisms,focusing on the modulation of built-in electric fields in terms of depth and orderliness.First,mechanisms and tuning strategies for built-in electric fields are explored.Then,the state-of-the-art works regarding built-in electric fields for modulating charge separation and transfer are summarized and categorized according to surface and interface depth.Finally,current strategies for constructing bulk built-in electric fields in photoelectrodes are explored,and insights into future developments for enhancing charge separation and transfer in high-performance photoelectrochemical applications are provided.

关键词： photoelectrochemical water splitting bulk built-in electric field cation intercalation charge separation and transfer

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Graphene as adsorbent for highly efficient extraction of modified nucleosides in urine prior to liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 490-495页

作者： cheng Guo Xiaoxiao Zhang Xiujuan Hong Yiqiu hu Lingna Mao Kezhi Jiang Cancer Institute(Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention China National Ministry of Education)The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310009China Cancer Center Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology College of Material Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 311121China Department of General Practice The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310009China

RNA modifications have been involved in numerous biological processes, and aberrations of these modifications are tightly associated with various diseases including cancer. Herein, we developed graphenebased solid-phase extraction and robust ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS) combined with stable isotope-dilution for simultaneous enrichment and accurate determination of 17 modified nucleosides in human urine. We found graphene could effectively adsorb various modified nucleosides in human urine samples. With this method, we identified and quantified these modified nucleosides in urine samples collected from lung cancer patients and healthy controls.We revealed that the levels of 12 modified nucleosides were all diminished in urine from lung cancer patients, compared with healthy controls. It is worth noting that we demonstrated, for the first time, the presence of 5,2-O-dimethyluridine(m~5U_m) in human urine. Together, we established a robust analytical method for simultaneous determinations of 17 modified nucleosides in human urine, and our results revealed a close correlation between the concentrations of urinary modified nucleosides and the occurrence of lung cancer, implying the potential applications of these modified nucleosides as noninvasive biomarkers for the early detection of lung cancer. Moreover, this study will stimulate future investigations on the regulatory roles of RNA modifications in the initiation and progression of lung cancer.

关键词： Mass spectrometry RNA modification Modified nucleosides Graphene Biomarker Urine

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TREM-2 Drives Development of Multiple Sclerosis by Promoting Pathogenic Th17 Polarization

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第1期40卷 17-34页

作者： Siying Qu Shengfeng hu huiting Xu Yongjian Wu Siqi Ming Xiaoxia Zhan cheng Wang Xi huang Center for Infection and Immunity and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000China The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy and Clinical ImmunologyThe Second Affiliated HospitalGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510260China Department of Laboratory Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China Division of Nephrology Department of Medicinethe Fifth Affliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000China

Multiple sclerosis(MS)is a neuroinflammatory demyelinating disease,mediated by pathogenic T helper 17(Th17)cells.However,the therapeutic effect is accompa-nied by the fluctuation of the proportion and function of Th17 cells,which prompted us to find the key regulator of Th17 differentiation in MS.Here,we demonstrated that the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2(TREM-2),a modulator of pattern recognition receptors on innate immune cells,was highly expressed on pathogenic CD4-positive T lymphocyte(CD4^(+)T)cells in both patients with MS and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE)mouse models.Conditional knockout of Trem-2 in CD4^(+)T cells significantly alleviated the disease activity and reduced Th17 cell infiltration,activation,differentiation,and inflammatory cytokine production and secretion in EAE mice.Furthermore,with Trem-2 knockout in vivo experiments and in vitro inhibitor assays,the TREM-2/zeta-chain associated protein kinase 70(ZAP70)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)signal axis was essential for Th17 activation and differentiation in EAE progression.In conclusion,TREM-2 is a key regulator of pathogenic Th17 in EAE mice,and this sheds new light on the potential of this therapeutic target for MS.

关键词： Multiple sclerosis Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis T helper 17 Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2

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