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Einstein Probe discovery of EP240408a: A peculiar X-ray transient with an intermediate timescale

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 222-240页

作者： Wenda Zhang Weimin Yuan Zhixing Ling Yong Chen Nanda Rea Arne Rau Zhiming Cai Huaqing cheng Francesco Coti Zelati Lixin dai jingwei Hu Shumei Jia Chichuan jin Dongyue Li Paul O’Brien Rongfeng Shen Xinwen Shu Shengli Sun Xiaojin Sun Xiaofeng Wang Lei yang Bing Zhang Chen Zhang Shuang-Nan Zhang Yonghe Zhang Jie An David Buckley Alexis Coleiro Bertrand Cordier Liming Dou Rob Eyles-Ferris zhou Fan Hua Feng Shaoyu Fu Johan P.U.Fynbo Lluis Galbany Saurabh W.Jha Shuaiqing Jiang Albert Kong Erik Kuulkers Weihua Lei Wenxiong Li Bifang Liu Mingjun Liu Xing Liu Yuan Liu Zhu Liu Chandreyee Maitra Alessio Marino Itumeleng Monageng Kirpal Nandra Jeremy Sanders Roberto Soria Lian Tao Junfeng Wang Song Wang Tinggui Wang Zhongxiang Wang Qingwen Wu xuefeng Wu Dong xu yanjun xu Suijian xue Yongquan xue Zijian Zhang Zipei Zhu Hu Zou Congying bao Fansheng Chen Houlei Chen Tianxiang Chen Wei Chen Yehai Chen Yifan Chen Chenzhou Cui Weiwei Cui yanfeng dai Dongwei Fan Ju Guan Dawei Han Dongjie Hou Haibo Hu Maohai huang Jia Huo Zhenqing Jia Bowen Jiang Ge jin chengkui Li Junfei Li Longhui Li Maoshun Li Wei Li Zhengda Li Tianying Lian Congzhan Liu Heyang Liu Huaqiu Liu Fangjun Lu Laidan Luo Jia Ma xuan Mao Haiwu Pan Xin Pan Liming Song Hui Sun Yunyin Tan Qingjun Tang Yihan Tao Hao Wang Juan Wang Lei Wang Wenxin Wang Yilong Wang Yusa Wang Qinyu Wu Haitao xu jingjing xu Xinpeng xu Yunfei xu Zhao xu Changbin xue Yulong xue Ailiang yan Haonan yang Xiongtao yang yanji yang Juan Zhang Mo Zhang Wenjie Zhang Zhen Zhang Zhen Zhang Ziliang Zhang Donghua Zhao Haisheng Zhao Xiaofan Zhao Zijian Zhao Hongyan zhou Yilin zhou Yuxuan Zhu Zhencai Zhu National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Space Sciences (ICE) CSIC Institut d’Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC) Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics Innovation Academy for Microsatellites Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Physics University of Hong Kong School of Physics and Astronomy University of Leicester School of Physics and Astronomy Sun Yat-sen University Department of Physics Anhui Normal University Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Physics Department Tsinghua University Nevada Center for Astrophysics University of Nevada Las Vegas Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Nevada Las Vegas South African Astronomical Observatory Department of Astronomy University of Cape Town Department of Physics University of the Free State Université Paris Cité CNRS Astroparticule et Cosmologie Université Paris Cité CEA Paris-Saclay IRFU/DAp-AIM Department of Astronomy Guangzhou University Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Department of Physics and Astronomy Rutgers the State University of New Jersey Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo ESA/ESTEC Department of Astronomy School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and Technology INAF-Osservatorio Astrofisico di Torino Sydney Institute for Astronomy School of Physics The University of Sydney Department of Astronomy Xiamen University Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal University Department of Astronomy University of Science and Technology School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Institute of Deep Space Sciences Deep Space Exploration Laboratory Department of Astronomy School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan University Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chi

We report the discovery of a peculiar X-ray transient,EP240408a,by Einstein Probe （EP） and follow-up studies made with EP,Swift,NICER,GROND,ATCA and other ground-based multiwavelength *** new transient was first detected with Wide-field X-ray Telescope （WXT） on board EP on April 8th,2024,manifested in an intense yet brief X-ray flare lasting for *** flare reached a peak flux of 3.9×10-9erg cm-2s-1in 0.5-4 ke V,～300 times brighter than the underlying X-ray emission detected throughout the *** and more precise follow-up observations by EP/FXT,Swift and NICER confirmed the finding of this new *** X-ray spectrum is non-thermal in 0.5-10 ke V,with a power-law photon index varying *** X-ray light curve shows a plateau lasting for ～4 d,followed by a steep decay till becoming undetectable ～10 d after the initial *** on its temporal property and constraints from previous EP observations,an unusual timescale in the range of 7-23 d is found for EP240408a,which is intermediate between the commonly found fast and long-term *** counterparts have been found in optical and near-infrared,with the earliest observation at 17 h after the initial X-ray detection,suggestive of intrinsically weak emission in these *** demonstrate that the remarkable properties of EP240408a are inconsistent with any of the transient types known so far,by comparison with,in particular,jetted tidal disruption events,gamma-ray bursts,X-ray binaries and fast blue optical *** nature of EP240408a thus remains an *** suggest that EP240408a may represent a new type of transients with intermediate timescales of the order of～10 *** detection and follow-ups of more of such objects are essential for revealing their origin.

关键词： X-ray transients ${\bm~{Einstein~~Probe}}$

Implantation-decay method to study the β-delayed charged particle decay

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2018年第7期29卷 145-151页

作者： Yu-Ting Wang De-Qing Fang Xin-Xing xu Li-Jie Sun Kang Wang Peng-Fei bao Zhen Bai Xi-Guang Cao Zhi-Tao dai Bing Ding Wan-Bing He Mei-Rong huang Shi-Lun jin cheng-Jian Lin Ming Lu Long-Xiang Liu Yong Li Peng Ma Jun-Bing Ma Jian-Song Wang Shi-Tao Wang Shao-Qiang Ye yan-Yun yang cheng-Long zhou Ming-Hui Zhao Huan-Qiao Zhang Yu-Gang Ma Wen-Qing Shen Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Nuclear Physics China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201203China Institute of Modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

In this paper,the implantation-decay method is introduced to study the β-delayed charged particle decay.A silicon detector array was used for the implantation of the incident beams and for the detection of the emitted *** experimental measurement on the β-delayed particle emission from ^(22)Al was used to demonstrate the *** half-life value,charged particle spectroscopy,γ ray spectrum,and γ particle coincidence for the decay process were obtained and compared with previous experimental results for ^(22)*** results show that the implantation-decay method,using a silicon detector array,is a suitable experimental method to study the β-delayed charged particle decay for proton-rich nuclei.

关键词：腐烂粒子培植学习试验性光谱学半衰期原子核

The Lyman-alpha Solar Telescope(LST) for the ASO-S mission——Ⅱ. design of LST

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2019年第11期19卷 33-48页

作者： Bo Chen Hui Li Ke-Fei Song quan-Feng Guo Pei-Jie Zhang Ling-Ping He Shuang dai Xiao-Dong Wang Hai-Feng Wang Chun-Long Liu Hong-Ji Zhang Guang Zhang Yunqi Wang Shi-Jie Liu Hong-Xin Zhang Lei Liu Shi-Lei Mao yang Liu Jia-Hao Peng Peng Wang Liang Sun yang Liu Zhen-Wei Han yan-Long Wang Kun Wu Guang-Xing Ding Peng zhou Xin Zheng Ming-Yi Xia Qing-Wen Wu jin-Jiang Xie Ya Chen Shu-Mei Song Hong Wang Bo Zhu Chang-Bo Chu Wen-Gang yang Li Feng Yu huang Wei-Qun Gan Ying Li jing-Wei Li Lei Lu Jian-Chao xue Bei-Li Ying Ming-Zhe Sun cheng Zhu Wei-Min bao Lei Deng Zeng-Shan Yin Changchun Institute of Optics FineMechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130033China State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics Changchun 130033China Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210034China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics Chinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710119China Shandong University Weihai 264209China Innovation Academy for Microsatellites Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210China

As one of the three payloads for the Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory(ASO-S)mission,the Lyman-alpha(Lyα)Solar Telescope(LST)is composed of three instruments:a Solar Corona Imager(SCI),a LyαSolar Disk Imager(SDI)and a full-disk White-light Solar Telescope(WST).When working in-orbit,LST will simultaneously perform high-resolution imaging observations of all regions from the solar disk to the inner corona up to 2.5 R⊙(R⊙stands for the mean solar radius)with a spatial resolution of 4.8′′and 1.2′′for coronal and disk observations,respectively,and a temporal resolution of 30–120 s and 1–120 s for coronal and disk observations,*** maximum exposure time can be up to20 s due to precise pointing and image stabilization *** the three telescopes of LST,SCI is a dual-waveband coronagraph simultaneously and independently observing the inner corona in the HI Lyα(121.6±10 nm)line and white light(WL)(700±40 nm)wavebands by using a narrowband Lyαbeam splitter and has a field of view(FOV)from 1.1 to 2.5 R⊙.The stray-light suppression level can attain<10^-6 B⊙(B⊙is the mean brightness of the solar disk)at 1.1 R⊙and≤5×10^-8 B⊙at 2.5 R⊙.SDI and WST are solar disk imagers working in the Lyαline and 360.0 nm wavebands,respectively,which adopt an off-axis two-mirror reflective structure with an FOV up to 1.2 R⊙,covering the inner coronal edge area and relating to coronal *** present the up-to-date design for the LST payload.

关键词： telescopes—instrumentation high angular resolution—Sun flares—Sun coronal mass ejections(CMEs)—Sun UV radiation

双季晚稻不同类型品种产量及其群体动态特征差异研究

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作物学报 2015年第8期41卷 1220-1236页

作者：郭保卫花劲周年兵张洪程陈波舒鹏霍中洋周培建程飞虎黄大山陈忠平陈国梁陈恒戴其根许轲魏海燕高辉扬州大学农业部长江流域稻作技术创新中心/江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室江苏扬州225009 江西省农业技术推广总站江西南昌330046 江西省上高县农业局江西上高336400

在长江中游双季稻地区(江西上高),以籼粳杂交稻、杂交粳稻、常规粳稻和杂交籼稻4种类型20个具有代表性的品种为材料,采用湿润育秧大苗移栽种植方式,设置各类型品种最适的高产栽培处理,系统比较分析了不同类型水稻品种产量及其构成、茎... 详细信息

在长江中游双季稻地区(江西上高),以籼粳杂交稻、杂交粳稻、常规粳稻和杂交籼稻4种类型20个具有代表性的品种为材料,采用湿润育秧大苗移栽种植方式,设置各类型品种最适的高产栽培处理,系统比较分析了不同类型水稻品种产量及其构成、茎蘖动态、叶面积动态与组成、光合势、干物质积累、群体生长率和净同化率等方面的差异,以期为双季稻区适宜品种的选用以及高产栽培提供理论依据与技术支撑。结果表明,双季晚稻不同类型品种产量表现为籼粳杂交稻>杂交粳稻>常规粳稻>杂交籼稻,差异极显著。籼粳杂交稻群体产量最高的原因是在保持一定穗数的基础上,极显著增加每穗粒数,进而提高群体颖花量,同时保持稳定的结实率和千粒重。与杂交粳稻、常规粳稻和杂交籼稻群体相比,籼粳杂交稻群体茎蘖数于生育前期稳步增长,在有效分蘖临界叶龄期及时够苗,够苗后增长平缓,高峰苗数量较少、下降平缓,成穗率中等(73.19%左右);群体叶面积指数前期增长较缓,最大值出现在孕穗期,为7.93左右,此后平稳减少,抽穗期叶面积指数、有效叶面积率、高效叶面积率及粒叶比均极显著增高,成熟期仍保持3.85以上;群体干物质积累量有效分蘖临界叶龄期和拔节期少,拔节后干物质积累速度较快,孕穗期、抽穗期、乳熟期和成熟期显著或极显著增高,且生育中后期干物质积累比例高;群体光合势、群体生长率和净同化率表现为"前小,中高,后强"。

关键词：双季晚稻品种类型产量群体动态特征

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双季晚粳稻氮肥精确运筹研究

植物营养与肥料学报 2014年第5期20卷 1063-1075页

作者：许轲张军张洪程花劲郭保卫霍中洋戴其根魏海燕高辉周培建程飞虎黄大山陈忠平陈国梁扬州大学农业部长江流域稻作技术创新中心江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室江苏扬州225009 淮安市农业技术推广中心江苏淮安223001 江西省农业技术推广总站江西南昌330046 江西省上高县农业局江西上高336400

【目的】我国南方双季稻区晚稻品种以籼稻为主。近年来我国粳米需求量逐渐增大,研究者提出了利用南方双季稻区充足的温光等资源进行晚季稻"籼改粳"以提高粳稻总产量。系统研究双季晚粳稻高产、优质和高效的氮肥运筹方式就显得十分重要... 详细信息

【目的】我国南方双季稻区晚稻品种以籼稻为主。近年来我国粳米需求量逐渐增大,研究者提出了利用南方双季稻区充足的温光等资源进行晚季稻"籼改粳"以提高粳稻总产量。系统研究双季晚粳稻高产、优质和高效的氮肥运筹方式就显得十分重要。【方法】2011~2012年,在南方典型双季稻区江西省上高县泗溪镇,以杂交粳稻常优5号和甬优8号为晚稻材料,在总施纯氮量225 kg/hm2条件下,设置10∶0、8∶2、7∶3、6∶4、5∶5、4∶6、3∶7七种基蘖肥与穗肥运筹比例,通过研究不同氮肥运筹方式对双季晚粳稻产量及其构成因素、叶面积指数、茎蘖动态、光合物质生产与积累、氮素吸收利用以及稻米品质等方面的影响,明确了南方稻区双季晚粳稻氮肥精确运筹模式。【结果】随基蘖肥占总施氮量比例的降低,结实率、千粒重和每穗粒数呈先增加后减少的趋势,穗数呈减少趋势。氮肥基蘖肥与穗肥比例在6∶4~7∶3范围内,双季晚粳稻群体穗数充足、穗型大、群体颖花量高,且结实率和千粒重较稳定,产量显著高于其他处理,最高产量为9985 kg/hm2。拔节前群体茎蘖数增加较慢,但高峰苗数适宜,拔节后群体茎蘖数下降平缓,茎蘖成穗率显著高于其他处理,高于70%;生育中期和后期,群体叶面积指数较高,群体光合势高,光合生产力强,干物质积累量显著提高。随基蘖肥占总施氮量比例降低,成熟期氮素积累总量、氮肥表观利用率、氮肥农学利用率及氮肥偏生产力均呈先增加后减少的趋势,百公斤稻谷需氮量呈先减少后增加的趋势。6∶4和7∶3处理拔节前氮素积累量较少,拔节至抽穗期氮素积累量和成熟期积累量显著高于其他处理。6∶4和7∶3处理氮肥表观利用率、农学利用率及偏生产力显著高于其他处理,百公斤稻谷需氮量显著低于其他处理。氮肥表观利用率与基蘖肥比例呈开口向下的二次曲线关系。同时该氮肥运筹模式可改善稻米加工品质、蒸煮食味和营养品质,但增加了稻米垩白率和垩白度,RVA谱特征值各指标不能同时达到最佳值。【结论】基蘖肥∶穗肥为6∶4~7∶3的氮肥运筹方案,可使双季晚粳稻高产、优质、高效得到较好的协调统一。

关键词：晚粳稻氮肥运筹产量形成氮素吸收利用稻米品质

双季晚稻甬优系列籼粳杂交稻超高产结构与群体形成特征

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中国农业科学 2015年第5期48卷 1023-1034页

作者：花劲周年兵张军张洪程霍中洋周培建程飞虎李国业黄大山陈忠平陈国梁戴其根许轲魏海燕高辉郭保卫扬州大学农业部长江流域稻作技术创新中心/江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室淮安市农业技术推广中心江西省农业技术推广总站江西省上高县农业局

【目的】研究双季稻区晚稻季条件下,甬优系列籼粳杂交稻超高产结构与群体形成特征,以期为双季晚稻甬优系列籼粳杂交稻超高产栽培提供理论依据。【方法】以籼粳杂交稻有代表性的品种甬优538、甬优2640、甬优1538、甬优1540为试验材料,通... 详细信息

【目的】研究双季稻区晚稻季条件下,甬优系列籼粳杂交稻超高产结构与群体形成特征,以期为双季晚稻甬优系列籼粳杂交稻超高产栽培提供理论依据。【方法】以籼粳杂交稻有代表性的品种甬优538、甬优2640、甬优1538、甬优1540为试验材料,通过栽培措施的调控,形成超高产(≥10.50 t·hm-2)和高产(9.75 t·hm-2≤产量75%),此后群体下降平缓,至抽穗期达适宜穗数;群体叶面积指数前期增长相对较缓慢,最大值出现在孕穗期,为8.1左右,此后下降缓慢,抽穗期叶面积指数、有效叶面积率、高效叶面积率及粒叶比均极显著高于高产群体,成熟期叶面积指数仍保持在3.5以上;群体光合势生育前期较小,中后期较大,总光合势为580×104m2·d·hm-2以上,抽穗期至成熟期的光合势占总光合势的50.0%以上;群体拔节前干物质积累速度相对较缓,拔节后干物质积累速度较快,至抽穗期群体生物量为10.0 t·hm-2左右,抽穗后积累量亦高,至成熟期干物重达19.0 t·hm-2左右;有效分蘖临界叶龄期之前,超高产群体群体生长率较高产群体大,有效分蘖临界叶龄期至拔节期,超高产群体生长平稳,群体生长率较高产群体小,拔节以后,群体生长率极显著高于高产群体。【结论】超高产群体起点质量高,栽后分蘖早生快发,群体生长优势明显,特别是生育中后期光合生产能力强,物质积累多。超高产栽培水稻适宜产量构成应以足量穗数与较大穗型协调产出足够的群体颖花量,同时保持较高的结实率和千粒重。

关键词：双季晚稻甬优系列籼粳杂交稻超高产群体形成特征

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双季稻区晚稻“籼改粳”品种筛选

中国农业科学 2014年第23期47卷 4582-4594页

作者：花劲周年兵张军张洪程霍中洋周培建程飞虎李国业黄大山陈忠平陈国梁戴其根许轲魏海燕高辉郭保卫扬州大学农学院/农业部长江流域稻作技术创新中心/江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室淮安市农业技术推广中心江西省农业技术推广总站江西省上高县农业局

【目的】研究双季稻区晚稻季条件下,不同类型水稻品种产量、生育期、温光利用差异及其相互关系,为双季稻区适宜品种的选用提供科学依据与技术支撑。【方法】2010—2013年,在长江中游双季稻地区(江西上高),以杂交粳稻(包括籼粳交偏粳型... 详细信息

【目的】研究双季稻区晚稻季条件下,不同类型水稻品种产量、生育期、温光利用差异及其相互关系,为双季稻区适宜品种的选用提供科学依据与技术支撑。【方法】2010—2013年,在长江中游双季稻地区(江西上高),以杂交粳稻(包括籼粳交偏粳型杂交稻、籼粳交偏籼型杂交稻和粳型杂交稻)、常规粳稻、杂交籼稻3种类型水稻品种为试验材料,采用湿润育秧大苗移栽方式,系统比较双季晚稻不同类型水稻品种产量、生育期、温光利用差异及其相互关系。【结果】双季晚稻不同类型水稻品种产量表现为杂交粳稻>常规粳稻>杂交籼稻的趋势,差异显著或极显著。与杂交籼稻相比,4年杂交粳稻的实产增产率为19.20%—28.95%,常规粳稻实产增产率为9.21%—12.17%;通过足量的群体穗数与较大的穗型协调形成足够的总颖花量,并有保持较高的结实率和千粒重,是粳稻综合改良产量结构获得高产的基本途径。杂交粳稻和常规粳稻各生育期均相应推迟,且两者生育期亦延长,其中杂交粳稻生育期平均延长17.1 d,常规粳稻生育期平均延长9.5 d。不同类型品种生育期积温和光照时数及其不同生育阶段温光利用率均表现出杂交粳稻>常规粳稻>杂交籼稻的趋势,其中杂交粳稻生育积温和光照时数及其利用率最多,分别为3 713.3℃、931.9 h、90.9%、93.5%。【结论】双季晚稻不同类型水稻品种产量、生育期及温光利用的差异大,适宜的粳稻品种可充分利用生育期长优势,提高温光资源利用率,最终提高产量。据此按照全国粳稻生产发展规划的要求,综合考虑双季稻接茬特点与热量条件以及栽培轻简化机械化的需求,筛选出一批适合当地种植的晚粳稻高产品种,供大面积生产选用,即甬优538、甬优8号、甬优2640、甬优1538、甬优1540、长江19、长江21、小叶迟熟、镇稻5108。

关键词：双季稻区品种类型晚稻产量生育期温光利用

The Lobster Eye Imager for Astronomy Onboard the SATech-01 Satellite

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2023年第9期23卷 66-78页

作者： Z.X.Ling X.J.Sun C.Zhang S.L.Sun G.jin S.N.Zhang X.F.Zhang J.B.Chang F.S.Chen Y.F.Chen Z.W.cheng W.Fu Y.X.Han H.Li J.F.Li Y.Li Z.D.Li P.R.Liu Y.H.Lv X.H.Ma Y.J.Tang C.B.Wang R.J.Xie Y.L.xue A.L.yan Q.Zhang C.Y.bao H.B.Cai H.Q.cheng C.Z.Cui Y.F.dai D.W.Fan H.B.Hu J.W.Hu M.H.huang Z.Q.Jia C.C.jin D.Y.Li J.Q.Li H.Y.Liu M.J.Liu Y.Liu H.W.Pan Y.L.Qiu M.Sugizaki H.Sun W.X.Wang Y.L.Wang Q.Y.Wu X.P.xu Y.F.xu H.N.yang X.yang B.Zhang M.Zhang W.D.Zhang Z.Zhang D.H.Zhao X.Q.Cong B.W.Jiang L.H.Li X.B.Qiu J.N.Sun D.T.Su J.Wang C.Wu Z.xu X.M.yang S.K.Zhang Z.Zhang N.Zhang Y.F.Zhu H.Y.Ban X.Z.Bi Z.M.Cai W.Chen X.Chen Y.H.Chen Y.Cui X.L.Duan Z.G Feng Y.Gao J.W.He T.He J.J.huang F.Li J.S.Li T.J.Li T.T.Li H.Q.Liu L.Liu R.Liu S.Liu N.Meng Q.Shi A.T.Sun Y.M.Wang Y.B.Wang H.C.Wu D.X xu Y.Q yang Y.yang X.S.Yu K.X.Zhang Y.L.Zhang Y.H.Zhang Y.T.Zhang H.zhou X.C.Zhu J.S.cheng L.Qin L.Wang Q.L.Wang M.Bai R.L.Gao Z.Ji Y.R.Liu F.L.Ma Y.J.Shi J.Su Y.Y.Tan J.Z.Tong H.T.xu C.B.xue G.F.xue W.Yuan National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200083China North Night Vision Technology Co. LTDNanjing 211106China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Science and Technology on Low-Light-Level Night Vision Laboratory Xi'an 710065China Innovation Academy for Microsatellites Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204China Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100190China National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100190China

The Lobster Eye Imager for Astronomy(LEIA),a pathfinder of the Wide-field X-ray Telescope of the Einstein Probe mission,was successfully launched onboard the SATech-01 satellite of the Chinese Academy of Sciences on2022 July *** this paper,we introduce the design and on-ground test results of the LEIA *** stateof-the-art Micro-Pore Optics(MPO),a wide field of view of 346 square degrees(18.6°×18.6°)of the X-ray imager is *** optical assembly composed of 36 MPO chips is used to focus incident X-ray photons,and four large-format complementary metal-oxide semiconductor(CMOS)sensors,each of size 6 cm×6 cm,are used as the focal plane *** instrument has an angular resolution of 4’-8’(in terms of FWHM)for the central focal spot of the point-spread function,and an effective area of 2-3 cm^(2) at 1 keV in essentially all the directions within the field of *** detection passband is 0.5-4 keV in soft X-rays and the sensitivity is2-3×10^(-11) erg s^(-1) cm^(-2)(about 1 milliCrab)with a 1000 s *** total weight of LEIA is 56 kg and the power is 85 *** satellite,with a design lifetime of 2 yr,operates in a Sun-synchronous orbit of 500 km with an orbital period of 95 *** is paving the way for future missions by verifying in flight the technologies of both novel focusing imaging optics and CMOS sensors for X-ray observation,and by optimizing the working setups of the instrumental *** addition,LEIA is able to carry out scientific observations to find new transients and to monitor known sources in the soft X-ray band,albeit with limited useful observing time available.

关键词： instrumentation detectors-space vehicles instruments-telescopes-X-rays genera

CEPC Technical Design Report

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2024年第1期8卷 I0003-I0016,1-1091页

作者： Waleed Abdallah Tiago Carlos Adorno de Freitas Konstantin Afanaciev Shakeel Ahmad Ijaz Ahmed Xiaocong Ai Abid Aleem Wolfgang Altmannshofer Fabio Alves Weiming An Rui An Daniele Paolo Anderle Stefan Antusch Yasuo Arai Andrej Arbuzov Abdesslam Arhrib Mustafa Ashry Sha Bai Yu Bai yang Bai Vipul Bairathi Csaba Balazs Philip Bambade Yong Ban Tripamo Bandyopadhyay Shou-Shan bao Desmond P.Barber Ayse Bat Varvara Batozskaya Subash Chandra Behera Alexander Belyaev Michele Bertucci Xiao-Jun Bi Yuanjie Bi Tianjian Bian Fabrizio Bianchi Thomas Biekotter Michela Biglietti Shalva Bilanishvili Deng Binglin Denis Bodrov Anton Bogomyagkov Serge Bondarenko Stewart Boogert Maarten Boonekamp Marcello Borri Angelo Bosotti Vincent Boudry Mohammed Boukidi Igor Boyko Ivanka Bozovic Giuseppe Bozzi Jean-Claude Brient Anastasiia Budzinskaya Masroor Bukhari Vladimir Bytev Giacomo Cacciapaglia Hua Cai Wenyong Cai Wujun Cai Yijian Cai Yizhou Cai Yuchen Cai Haiying Cai Huacheng Cai Lorenzo Calibbi Junsong Cang Guofu Cao Jianshe Cao Antoine Chance xuejun Chang Yue Chang Zhe Chang Xinyuan Chang Wei Chao Auttakit Chatrabhuti Yimin Che Yuzhi Che Bin Chen Danping Chen Fuqing Chen Fusan Chen Gang Chen Guoming Chen Hua-Xing Chen Huirun Chen jinhui Chen Ji-Yuan Chen Kai Chen Mali Chen Mingjun Chen Mingshui Chen Ning Chen Shanhong Chen Shanzhen Chen Shao-Long Chen Shaomin Chen Shiqiang Chen Tianlu Chen Wei Chen Xiang Chen Xiaoyu Chen Xin Chen xun Chen xurong Chen Ye Chen Ying Chen Yukai Chen Zelin Chen Zilin Chen Gang Chen Boping Chen Chunhui Chen Hok Chuen cheng Huajie cheng Shan cheng Tongguang cheng Yunlong Chi Pietro Chimenti Wen Han Chiu Guk Cho Ming-Chung Chu Xiaotong Chu Ziliang Chu Guglielmo Coloretti Andreas Crivellin Hanhua Cui Xiaohao Cui Zhaoyuan Cui Brunella D'Anzi Ling-Yun dai Xinchen dai xuwen dai Antonio De Maria Nicola De Filippis Christophe De La Taille Francesca De Mori Chiara De Sio Elisa Del Core Shuangxue Deng Wei-Tian Deng Zhi Deng Ziyan Deng Bhupal Dev Tang Dewen Biagio Di Micco Ran Ding Siqin Dingl Yadong Ding Haiyi Dong Jianin AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer ScienceKrakow Anhui University HefeiAnhui Applied Physics Department Federal Urdu University of ArtsScience and TechnologyIslamabad Banaras Hindu University Institute of ScienceVaranasi Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University Bandirma Beihang University Beijing Beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing Beijing Conveyi LTD Beijing Beijing Glass Research Institute Co. LtdBeijing Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing Beijing Normal University Beijing Brown University ProvidenceRI Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics Novosibirsk Cadi Ayyad University Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied PhysicsPolydisciplinary FacultyMarrakech Cairo University Giza Center for Theory and Computation National Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu Central China Normal University WuhanHubei Central South University ChangshaHunan Centro de Fisica Teorica de Particulas Universidade Tecnica de LisboaLisboa chengdu KaitengSifang Digital Radio&TV Equipment Co. LtdChengduSichuan China academy of engineering physics MianyangSichuan China building materials academy Beijing China Center of Advanced Science and Technology Beijing China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing China Jiliang University HangzhouZhejiang China Nuclear Instrument CO. LTDBeijing China University of Geosciences Beijing China University of Geosciences WuhanHubei China University of Mining and Technology XuzhouJiangsu China West Normal University NanchongSichuan Chongqing University Department of PhysicsChongqing Chulalongkorn University Bangkok City University of Hong Kong Department of PhysicsHong Kong Cockcroft Institute Daresbury Cornell University IthacaNY CPPM(AMU/IPhU&CNRS/INP) Marseille Dalian Minzu University DalianLiaoning Dalian University of Technology Department of PhysicsDalian Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Hamburg Dzhelepov Laboratory of Nuclear Problems of Joint Institute for Nuclear Research(DLNP jinR) Dubna East China University Of Science And Technol

The Circular Electron Positron Collider(CEPC)is a large scientific project initiated and hosted by China,fostered through extensive collaboration with international *** complex comprises four accelerators:a 30 GeV Linac,a 1.1 GeV Damping Ring,a Booster capable of achieving energies up to 180 GeV,and a Collider operating at varying energy modes(Z,W,H,and tt).The Linac and Damping Ring are situated on the surface,while the subterranean Booster and Collider are housed in a 100 km circumference underground tunnel,strategically accommodating future expansion with provisions for a potential Super Proton Proton Collider(SPPC).The CEPC primarily serves as a Higgs *** its baseline design with synchrotron radiation(SR)power of 30 MW per beam,it can achieve a luminosity of 5×10^(34)cm^(-2)s^(-1)per interaction point(IP),resulting in an integrated luminosity of 13 ab^(-1)for two IPs over a decade,producing 2.6 million Higgs *** the SR power to 50 MW per beam expands the CEPC's capability to generate 4.3 million Higgs bosons,facilitating precise measurements of Higgs coupling at sub-percent levels,exceeding the precision expected from the HL-LHC by an order of *** Technical Design Report(TDR)follows the Preliminary Conceptual Design Report(Pre-CDR,2015)and the Conceptual Design Report(CDR,2018),comprehensively detailing the machine's layout,performance metrics,physical design and analysis,technical systems design,R&D and prototyping efforts,and associated civil engineering ***,it includes a cost estimate and a preliminary construction timeline,establishing a framework for forthcoming engineering design phase and site selection *** is anticipated to begin around 2027-2028,pending government approval,with an estimated duration of 8 *** commencement of experiments and data collection could potentially be initiated in the mid-2030s.

关键词： initiated exceeding precise