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Emergent symmetry in quantum phase transition:From deconfined quantum critical point to gapless quantum spin liquid

Science Bulletin 2024年第2期69卷 190-196页

作者： Wen-Yuan Liu Shou-Shu Gong Wei-Qiang Chen Zheng-cheng gu Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering California Institute of TechnologyPasadena CA 91125USA School of Physical Sciences Great Bay UniversityDongguan 523000China Great Bay Institute for Advanced Study Dongguan 523000China Department of Physics and Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Quantum Functional Materials and Devices Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

The emergence of exotic quantum phenomena in frustrated magnets is rapidly driving the development of quantum many-body physics,raising fundamental questions on the nature of quantum phase *** we unveil the behaviour of emergent symmetry involving two extraordinarily representative phenomena,i.e.,the deconfined quantum critical point(DQCP)and the quantum spin liquid(QSL)*** large-scale tensor network simulations,we study a spatially anisotropic spin-1/2 square-lattice frustrated antiferromagnetic(AFM)model,namely the J1x-J1y-J2 model,which contains anisotropic nearestneighbor couplings J1x,J1y and the next nearest neighbor coupling *** small J1y/J1x,by tuning J2,a direct continuous transition between the AFM and valence bond solid phase is *** growing J1y/J1x,a gapless QSL phase gradually emerges between the AFM and VBS *** observe an emergent O(4)symmetry along the AFM–VBS transition line,which is consistent with the prediction of DQCP *** surprisingly,we find that such an emergent O(4)symmetry holds for the whole QSL–VBS transition line as *** findings reveal the intrinsic relationship between the QSL and DQCP from categorical symmetry point of view,and strongly constrain the quantum field theory description of the QSL *** phase diagram and critical exponents presented in this paper are of direct relevance to future experiments on frustrated magnets and cold atom systems.

关键词： Tensor network Quantum phase transition Emergent symmetry Quantum spin liquid Deconfined quantum critical point Anisotropic

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Numerical simulation study on the mold strength of magnetic mold casting based on a coupled electromagnetic-structural method

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China Foundry 2024年第5期21卷 577-587页

作者： Wei-li Peng Jian-hua Zhao cheng gu Ya-jun Wang College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloys Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China National Key Laboratory of Advanced Casting Technologies Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

The properties of the magnetic mold in magnetic mold casting directly determine the quality of the final cast *** this study,the magnetic mold properties in magnetic mold casting,were studied utilizing a coupled electromagnetic-structural method through numerical *** study investigated key factors including equivalent stress,the distribution of tensile and compressive stresses,and the area ratio of tensile *** compared molds made entirely of magnetic materials with those made partially of magnetic *** results indicate that as current increases from 4 A to 8 A,both the initial magnetic mold and the material-replaced magnetic mold initially show an increasing trend in equivalent stress,tensile-compressive stress,and the area ratio of tensile stress,peaking at 6 A before *** material replacement,the area ratio of tensile stress at 6 A decreases to 19.84%,representing a reduction of 29.72%.Magnetic molds comprising a combination of magnetic and non-magnetic materials exhibit sufficient strength and a reduced area ratio of tensile stress compared to those made entirely from magnetic *** study provides valuable insights for optimizing magnetic mold casting processes and offers practical guidance for advancing the application of magnetic molds.

关键词： magnetic mold casting coupled electromagnetic-structural method numerical simulation stress analysis

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In situ protonation in a locally flexible porous coordination polymer for enhancing proton-carrier loading and proton conductivity

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第10期67卷 3432-3437页

作者： Xianzhe Wei Jincheng Liu Yan Su Weitao Wang guixiang Wang Gen Zhang Ping Wang cheng gu State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

Designing efficient proton-conductive materials is crucial in fuel ***,it remains a substantial challenge because of the issues in proton mobility,proton-carrier amount,and orientation of proton host ***,we report an in-situ protonation strategy to produce a locally flexible porous coordination polymer(PCP)to enhance the proton-carrier loading and proton *** local dipole flipping of the ligand allows effective proton exchange with low activation energy,promoting interpore proton transport through the pore apertures and pore *** protonation induces substantial charges to the frameworks and enhances the interaction with proton carriers,thereby increasing the loading of the proton *** this design strategy,the resulting PCP exhibits enhanced phosphoric acid loading and extraordinary proton conductivities under both aqueous and anhydrous conditions compared to its isoreticular analog that features rigidity without proton-exchange *** work provides a new avenue for designing proton-conductive materials that combine structural dynamics with performance merits.

关键词： porous coordination polymers in-situ protonation local flexibility proton-exchange mechanism proton conduction

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Hierarchical Federated Learning Architectures for the Metaverse

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ZTE Communications 2024年第2期22卷 39-48页

作者： gu cheng LI Baochun Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of TorontoToronto M5S2E8Canada

In the context of edge computing environments in general and the metaverse in particular,federated learning(FL)has emerged as a distributed machine learning paradigm that allows multiple users to collaborate on training a shared machine learning model locally,eliminating the need for uploading raw data to a central *** is perhaps the only training paradigm that preserves the privacy of user data,which is essential for computing environments as personal as the ***,the original FL architecture proposed is not scalable to a large number of user devices in the metaverse *** mitigate this problem,hierarchical federated learning(HFL)has been introduced as a general distributed learning paradigm,inspiring a number of research *** this paper,we present several types of HFL architectures,with a special focus on the three-layer client-edge-cloud HFL architecture,which is most pertinent to the metaverse due to its delay-sensitive *** also examine works that take advantage of the natural layered organization of three-layer client-edge-cloud HFL to tackle some of the most challenging problems in FL within the ***,we outline some future research directions of HFL in the metaverse.

关键词： federated learning hierarchical federated learning metaverse

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Amlodipine inhibits the proliferation and migration of esophageal carcinoma cells through the induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第4期30卷 367-380页

作者： Yan-Min Chen Wen-Qian Yang cheng-Wei gu Ying-Ying Fan Yu-Zhen Liu Bao-Sheng Zhao Department of Thoracic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical UniversityWeihui 453100Henan ProvinceChina Department of Oncology The Affiliated HospitalHenan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo 454000Henan ProvinceChina Life Science Research Center The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical UniversityWeihui 453100Henan ProvinceChina Department of Gastroenterology The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical UniversityWeihui 453100Henan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND L-type calcium channels are the only protein channels sensitive to calcium channel blockers,and are expressed in various cancer *** Cancer Genome Atlas database shows that the mRNA levels of multiple L-type calcium channel subunits in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tumor tissue are significantly higher than those in normal esophageal epithelial ***,we hypothesized that amlodipine,a long-acting dihydropyridine L-type calcium channel blocker,may inhibit the occurrence and development of esophageal cancer(EC).AIM To investigate the inhibitory effects of amlodipine on EC through endoplasmic reticulum(ER)*** Cav1.3 protein expression levels in 50 pairs of EC tissues and corresponding paracancerous tissues were ***,the inhibitory effects of amlodipine on proliferation and migration of EC cells in vitro were detected using 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide and Transwell *** vivo experiments were performed using murine xenograft *** elucidate the underlying mechanisms,in vitro cell studies were performed to confirm that ER stress plays a role in inhibition proliferation and migration of EC cells treated with *** The expression level of Cav1.3 in esophageal carcinoma was 1.6 times higher than that in paracancerous *** treatment decreased the viability of esophageal carcinoma cells in a dose-and time-dependent *** vivo animal experiments also clearly indicated that amlodipine inhibited the growth of EC tumors in ***,amlodipine reduces the migration of tumor cells by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT).Mechanistic studies have demonstrated that amlodipine induces ER stress-mediated apoptosis and suppresses ***,amlodipine-induced autophagy was characterized by an increase in autophagy lysosomes and the accumulation of light chain 3B *** combination of amlodipine with the ER stress inhibitor 4-p

关键词： L-type calcium channel Amlodipine Esophageal cancer Autophagy Endoplasmic reticulum stress

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Controlled Synthesis of Proton-Conductive Porous Organic Polymer Gels via Electrostatically Stabilized Colloidal Formation

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第7期6卷 1767-1775页

作者： Bin Chen Yifeng Kuang Lu Liu Linkun Cai Zaoming Wang Panchao Yin Liangbin Huang cheng gu State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640 College of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065 Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of guangdong Province School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641 South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640 Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences Institute for Advanced StudyKyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8501

Porous organic polymers(POPs)have attracted extensive interest due to their structural diversity and predesigned ***,the majority of POPs are synthesized as insoluble and unprocessable powders,which greatly impede their advanced applications because of limited mass transport and inadaptation for device ***,we report a controlled synthetic strategy of macroscopic POP gels by a cation-stabilized colloidal formation mechanism,which is widely adaptable to a large variety of tetra-/tri-amino build blocks for the synthesis of Tröger’s base-linked POP gels,aerogels,and ionic *** POP gels combined the integrated advantages of hierarchically porous structures and tailorable mechanical stiffness,whereas they could load substantial amounts of phosphoric acids and construct unimpeded transport pathways for proton conduction,exhibiting unprecedented proton conductivity at subzero *** strategy offers a new solution to the intractable processing issues of POPs toward device applications with cutting-edge performances.

关键词： porous organic polymers Tröger’s base linkage gels superprotonic conduction subzero temperatures

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Theoretical Exploration of Alloying Effects on Stabilities and Mechanical Properties ofγʹPhase in Novel Co–Al–Nb-Base Superalloys

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第7期37卷 1238-1248页

作者： guan-cheng gu Zhao-Jing Han Ze-Yu Chen Zhao-Xuan Li Sheng-Bao Xia Zheng-Ning Li Hua Jin Wei-Wei Xu Xing-Jun Liu Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University School of Aerospace EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005China Institute of Materials Genome and Big Data Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen518055China

The new developedγ/γʹCo–Al–Nb-base alloys show great potentials as high-temperature ***,finding appropriate compositions to improve performance of alloys still poses a great challenge to the development of Co–Al–Nb-base *** by the lack of alloying effects on fundamental properties of criticalγʹphase,we systematically performed a theoretical investigation on the effect of alloying elements TM(TM:Ti,V,Cr,Zr,Mo,Ta,W,Re,and Ru)on phase stabilities and mechanical properties of L1_(2)-typeγʹ(Co,Ni)_(3)(Al,Nb).By analyzing the stability ofγʹphase with respect to its competitive B2 and D0_(19) phases,the results shown that Ti,V,and Cr enhance the L1_(2) stability and widen the L1_(2)–D0_(19) energy barrier,in which V yields the maximum *** analysis of electronic structure indicated that the alternation of valence electrons at fermi level would be the atomic origin for doping TM inγʹ*** calculated results of mechanical properties shown that V and Cr are expected to be optimal dopant for enhancing the strength and the ductility ofγʹ*** addition of Ta is also beneficial for enhancing the strength at the slight expense of ductility ofγʹ*** drawing the mechanical maps,the preferred composition range for the phases with desired properties is roughly demarcated in theory for the multi-addition of V/Cr and V/Ta inγʹ*** findings would be useful for optimizing the performance of novelγ/γʹCo–Al–Nb-base superalloys.

关键词： Co-Al-Nb-base superalloys γ/γʹdual-phase Phase stability Mechanical properties First-principle methods

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新时代推动东北全面振兴的税收政策完善

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税务研究 2024年第8期 5-11页

作者：谷成盛敏玥东北财经大学财政税务学院

新时代东北全面振兴实现新突破面临重大机遇。在现代国家治理背景下,税收能够通过保障公共产品与服务供给、驱动经济总量与结构合理化以及促进政府与社会成员间有效互动对区域经济发展产生积极影响,但同时也会受到减税降费政策、税收非... 详细信息

新时代东北全面振兴实现新突破面临重大机遇。在现代国家治理背景下,税收能够通过保障公共产品与服务供给、驱动经济总量与结构合理化以及促进政府与社会成员间有效互动对区域经济发展产生积极影响,但同时也会受到减税降费政策、税收非中性效应和地方财力基础等现实因素的约束。针对既有税收政策在推动东北全面振兴中存在的问题,新时代推动东北全面振兴的税收政策应从增强科技创新能力、提高对内对外开放合作水平、促进人口高质量发展以及优化营商环境等方面持续发力。

关键词：东北全面振兴区域经济税收政策营商环境

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财政分权、审计监督与地方政府回应性——来自市级民生财政支出的经验证据

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财贸经济 2024年第6期45卷 21-37页

作者：谷成张家楠东北财经大学财政税务学院 116025 东北财经大学法学院 116025

对社会成员的公共需求做出积极有效的回应是现代国家的重要职能。在政府和社会成员通过协商互动共同解决社会问题的过程中,现代国家治理越来越清晰地表现出治理结构分权化、治理方式民主化、治理技术现代化等特征。为考察财政分权对地... 详细信息

对社会成员的公共需求做出积极有效的回应是现代国家的重要职能。在政府和社会成员通过协商互动共同解决社会问题的过程中,现代国家治理越来越清晰地表现出治理结构分权化、治理方式民主化、治理技术现代化等特征。为考察财政分权对地方政府回应性的影响,本文构建了一个包含“中央政府-地方政府-社会成员”三元主体的回应性理论框架,并基于中国282个地级市2010-2018年2538个民生财政支出样本数据,采用双向固定效应模型进行实证分析。研究结果显示,财政分权通过降低地方政府的回应能力和回应意愿抑制地方政府对辖区民生需求的回应性。尽管审计监督在一定程度上提高了地方政府对民生需求的回应性,但仍不足以抵消财政分权引发的回应性削弱。原因在于审计监督只在一定程度上保障了地方政府的回应能力,而对地方政府的回应意愿并无影响。本文的研究不仅深化了有关政府回应性影响因素的探索,也为财政体制改革和创新提供了新的视角和理论依据。

关键词：财政分权审计监督政府回应性现代国家治理

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供应链数字化与供应链韧性

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财经研究 2024年第7期50卷 21-34页

作者：张树山谷城东北师范大学经济与管理学院

提升供应链韧性是保障国民经济稳健循环的基础,而供应链数字化为提升供应链韧性和安全水平提供了新契机。文章基于供应链创新与应用试点工作,利用2012—2021年A股上市公司数据,探究了供应链数字化对供应链韧性的影响。研究发现,供应链... 详细信息

提升供应链韧性是保障国民经济稳健循环的基础,而供应链数字化为提升供应链韧性和安全水平提供了新契机。文章基于供应链创新与应用试点工作,利用2012—2021年A股上市公司数据,探究了供应链数字化对供应链韧性的影响。研究发现,供应链数字化能够提升供应链韧性,信息渠道、产品竞争力渠道和内部控制渠道是供应链数字化提升供应链韧性的重要传导机制。异质性分析表明,供应链数字化对供应链韧性的影响主要存在于成熟期企业、产业链下游和营商环境优势地区。进一步研究发现,供应链数字化能够提高供应链抵抗力和恢复力,但对供应链恢复力的影响具有滞后性；同时,供应链韧性的提升伴随供应链管理效率的损失。文章的研究为打造数字供应链和畅通国民经济循环提供了政策启示。

关键词：供应链数字化供应链韧性要素流动企业生命周期供应链管理效率

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