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Predator-prey encounters:deciphering the robbery relationship between highwayman flies and their ant victims

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第2期19卷 253-261页

作者： Ying ZHAO yulong yu Zhi chen Ying LI Huidan TENG Guillaume CHOMICKI Chuntian zhang Gao chen yunnan Key Laboratory for Integrative Conservation of Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations KunmingChina CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingChina College of Life Science Shenyang Normal UniversityShenyangChina School of Ecology and Environmental Science Yunnan UniversityKunmingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Ecology and Evolutionary Biology School of BiosciencesAlfred Denny BuildingUniversity of SheffieldWestern BankSheffieldUK

Examples of predator–prey interactions in which flies rob ants are *** date,this behavior has only been recorded in the genus Bengalia Robineau-Desvoidy(Bengaliinae,Diptera,Calliphoridae).These predatory flies ambush ants,and rob them of the food or offspring that they are ***,because of the rarity of this behavior,the reasons and consequences(evolutionary advantages)are unknown,and indeed,the behavior has been sometimes considered *** this study,we employed field investigations and behavioral analyses to investigate whether the sex of the fly Bengalia varicolor,or the weight and quality of the food carried by Pheidole nodus ants influenced fly–ant interactions in their natural *** show that food weight and quality influenced the behavior of *** independent of the fly’s *** behavior by the flies was more successful when the food robbed was of high-quality and light in ***,the weight of the food robbed modulated the escape distance the flies could carry *** then may affect the food quality and weight transported by the *** is a novel example of deciphering the relationship between highwayman flies and their ant *** the widespread distribution of Bengalia flies,we suggest that such interspecific predator–prey encounters may shape the robbery interactions and the carrying behavior of further ant species in nature.

关键词： Bengalia kleptoparasitism Pheidole predatory flies robbing

Traceless photodegradable polymer cocoons for universal protein delivery and light-controlled gene editing

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第2期67卷 664-676页

作者： Huaibin yu Meron Tsegay Kifle Lili chen Feihong Xiong Yan zhang Shangbang Gao Wei Hou Shuliang chen Weining Zhao yuzhou Wu Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry&Materia MedicaKey Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and StorageMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology(HUST)Wuhan430074China Zhengzhou Research Institute Harbin Institute of TechnologyZhengzhou450000China College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology(HUST)Wuhan430074China Institute of Medical Virology School of Basic Medical SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhan430071China College of Pharmacy Shenzhen Technology UniversityShenzhen518118China

Polymer conjugation was found highly valuable in clinic to improve the bioavailability of protein ***,it is still a tremendous challenge to achieve a complete release of original proteins from the conjugated hybrid under external stimulus to recover active proteins in the targeted ***,we report a general light-controlled protein delivery methodology by weaving a photodegradable polymer cocoon around proteins,which could reliably protect them from degradation in the dark while efficiently releasing them under illumination without any residual *** surface charge of the polymer shell is easily tunable to facilitate efficient cell *** versatility of this strategy is demonstrated by the delivery of the Cas9/sg RNA complex that realized light-controlled gene editing both in vitro and in vivo,and such repertoire is of particular value in regard to minimizing the off-target toxicity of CRISPR-Cas9-based gene therapy.

关键词： photodegradable polymer-protein conjugate protein delivery light control gene editing

A nanoplatform with oxygen self-supplying and heat-sensitizing capabilities enhances the efficacy of photodynamic therapy in eradicating multidrug-resistant biofilms

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第2期169卷 209-219页

作者： Haixin zhang Yi Zou Kunyan Lu Yan Wu yuancheng Lin Jingjing cheng Chunxia Liu Hong chen Yanxia zhang Qian yu State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital and Institute for Cardiovascular Science Suzhou Medical College of Soochow UniversitySoochow UniversitySuzhou 215007China

Bacterial biofilms,especially those caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria,have emerged as one of the greatest dangers to global public *** acceleration of antimicrobial resistance to conventional an-tibiotics and the severe lack of new drugs necessitates the development of novel agents for biofilm *** therapy(PDT)is a promising non-antibiotic method for treating bacterial ***,its application in biofilm eradication is hampered by the hypoxic microenvironment of biofilms and the physical protection of extracellular polymeric *** this study,we develop a composite nanoplatform with oxygen(O_(2))self-supplying and heat-sensitizing capabilities to improve the PDT efficacy against ***_(2)/ICG@PDA nanoparticles(CIP NPs)are fabricated by combining calcium peroxide(CaO_(2))with the photosensitizer indocyanine green(ICG)via electrostatic interactions,followed by coating with polydopamine(PDA).The CIP NPs can gradually generate O_(2)in response to the acidic microenvironment of the biofilm,thereby alleviating its hypoxic *** near-infrared(NIR)irradiation,the nanoplatform converts O_(2)into a significant amount of singlet oxygen(^(1)O_(2))and heat to eradicate *** generated heat enhances the release of O_(2),accelerates the generation of^(1)O_(2)in PDT,increases cell membrane permeability,and increases bacterial sensitivity to^(1)O_(2).This nanoplatform significantly improves the efficacy of PDT in eradicating biofilm-dwelling bacteria without fostering drug *** on biofilm eradication demonstrate that this nanoplatform can eradicate over 99.9999%of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)biofilms under 5-min NIR ***,these integrated advantages enable the system to promote the healing of MRSA biofilm-infected wounds with negligible toxicity in vivo,indicating great promise for overcoming the obstacles associated with bacterial biofilm eradication.

关键词： Bacterial biofilm Multidrug-resistant bacteria Photodynamic therapy Oxygen supplying Photothermal therapy

Near infrared emissions from both high efficient quantum cutting (173%) and nearly-pure-color upconversion in NaY(WO_(4))_(2):Er^(3+)/Yb^(3+) with thermal management capability for silicon-based solar cells

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 113-126页

作者： Duan Gao Baojiu chen Xuezhu Sha yuhang zhang Xin chen Li Wang Xizhen zhang Jinsu zhang Yongze Cao Yichao Wang Lei Li Xiangping Li Sai Xu Hongquan yu Lihong cheng School of Science Dalian Maritime UniversityDalian 116026 LiaoningChina

Raising photoelectric conversion efficiency and enhancing heat management are two critical concerns for siliconbased solar *** this work,efficient Yb^(3+) infrared emissions from both quantum cutting and upconversion were demonstrated by adjusting Er^(3+) and Yb^(3+) concentrations,and thermo-manage-applicable temperature sensing based on the luminescence intensity ratio of two super-low thermal quenching levels was discovered in an Er^(3+)/Yb^(3+) codoped tungstate *** quantum cutting mechanism was clearly decrypted as a two-step energy transfer process from Er^(3+) to Yb^(3+).The two-step energy transfer efficiencies,the radiative and nonradiative transition rates of all interested 4 f levels of Er^(3+) in NaY(WO_(4))_(2) were confirmed in the framework of Föster-Dexter theory,Judd-Ofelt theory,and energy gap law,and based on these obtained efficiencies and rates the quantum cutting efficiency was furthermore determined to be as high as 173%in NaY(WO_(4))_(2):5 mol%Er^(3+)/50 mol%Yb^(3+) *** and nearly pure infrared upconversion emission of Yb3+under 1550 nm excitation was achieved in Er^(3+)/Yb^(3+)co-doped NaY(WO_(4))_(2) by adjusting Yb^(3+) doping *** Yb^(3+) induced infrared upconversion emission enhancement was attributed to the efficient energy transfer ^(4)I_(11/2)(Er^(3+))+^(2)F_(7/2)(Yb^(3+))→^(4)I_(15/2)(Er^(3+))+^(2)F_(5/2)(Yb^(3+))and large nonradiative relaxation rate of ^(4)I_(9/2).Analysis on the temperature sensing indicated that the NaY(WO_(4))_(2):Er^(3+)/Yb^(3+)serves well the solar cells as thermos-managing ***,it was confirmed that the fluorescence thermal quenching of ^(2)H_(11/2)/^(4)S_(3/2) was caused by the nonradiative relaxation of ^(4)S_(3/2).All the obtained results suggest that NaY(WO_(4))_(2):Er^(3+)/Yb^(3+) is an excellent material for silicon-based solar cells to improve photoelectric conversion efficiency and thermal management.

关键词： quantum thermal relaxation

An evolutionary multiobjective method based on dominance and decomposition for feature selection in classification

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 5-19页

作者： Jing LIANG yuyang zhang Ke chen Boyang QU Kunjie yu Caitong yuE Ponnuthurai Nagaratnam SUGANTHAN School of Electrical and Information Engineering Zhengzhou University State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Power Equipment School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Henan Institute of Technology School of Electronics and Information Zhongyuan University of Technology KINDI Center for Computing Research College of EngineeringQatar University

Feature selection in classification can be considered a multiobjective problem with the objectives of increasing classification accuracy and decreasing the size of the selected feature subset. Dominance-based and decomposition-based multiobjective evolutionary algorithms(MOEAs) have been extensively used to address the feature selection problem due to their strong global search capability. However, most of them face the problem of not effectively balancing convergence and diversity during the evolutionary process. In addressing the aforementioned issue, this study proposes a unified evolutionary framework that combines two search forms of dominance and decomposition. The advantages of the two search methods assist one another in escaping the local optimum and inclining toward a balance of convergence and diversity. Specifically, an improved environmental selection strategy based on the distributions of individuals in the objective space is presented to avoid duplicate feature subsets. Furthermore, a novel knowledge transfer mechanism that considers evolutionary characteristics is developed, allowing for the effective implementation of positive knowledge transfer between dominance-based and decomposition-based feature selection methods. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can evolve feature subsets with good convergence and diversity in a shorter time compared with 9 state-of-the-art feature selection methods on 20 classification problems.

关键词： evolutionary algorithms feature selection multiobjective optimization knowledge transfer classification

Effects of conductive agent type on lithium extraction from salt lake brine with LiFePO_(4) electrodes

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第4期31卷 678-687页

作者： Zhen zhang Pan Luo Yan zhang yuhan Wang Li Liao Bo yu Mingshan Wang Junchen chen Bingshu Guo Xing Li School of New Energy and Materials Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China Energy Storage Research Institute Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China

Electrochemical lithium extraction from salt lakes is an effective strategy for obtaining lithium at a low ***,the elevated Mg:Li ratio and the presence of numerous coexisting ions in salt lake brines give rise to challenges,such as prolonged lithium extraction periods,diminished lithium extraction efficiency,and considerable environmental *** this work,Li FePO4(LFP)served as the electrode material for electrochemical lithium *** conductive network in the LFP electrode was optimized by adjusting the type of conductive *** approach resulted in high lithium extraction efficiency and extended cycle *** the single conductive agent of acetylene black(AB)or multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)was replaced with the mixed conductive agent of AB/MWCNTs,the average diffusion coefficient of Li+in the electrode increased from 2.35×10^(-9)or 1.77×10^(-9)to 4.21×10^(-9)cm^(2)·s^(-1).At the current density of 20 mA·g^(-1),the average lithium extraction capacity per gram of LFP electrode increased from 30.36 mg with the single conductive agent(AB)to 35.62 mg with the mixed conductive agent(AB/MWCNTs).When the mixed conductive agent was used,the capacity retention of the electrode after 30 cycles reached 82.9%,which was considerably higher than the capacity retention of 65.8%obtained when the single AB was ***,the electrode with mixed conductive agent of AB/MWCNTs provided good cycling *** the conductive agent content decreased or the loading capacity increased,the electrode containing the mixed conductive agent continued to show excellent electrochemical ***,a self-designed,highly efficient,continuous lithium extraction device was *** electrode utilizing the AB/MWCNT mixed conductive agent maintained excellent adsorption capacity and cycling performance in this *** work provides a new perspective for the electrochemical extraction of lithium using LFP electrodes.

关键词： salt lake brine lithium extraction electrochemical lithium extraction conductive agent extraction efficiency adsorption capacity

Impact of short-term ambient air pollution exposure on the risk of severe COVID-19

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 610-618页

作者： Baihuan Feng Jiangshan Lian Fei yu Dan zhang Weizhen chen QiWang Yifei Shen Guoliang Xie Ruonan Wang yun Teng Bin Lou Shufa Zheng Yida Yang yu chen Department of Laboratory Medicine The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310000China Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou 310000China Institute of Laboratory Medicine Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310000China Department of Infectious Diseases The First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310000China State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseasesthe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310000China

Ecological studies suggested a link between air pollution and severe COVID-19 outcomes,while studies accounting for individual-level characteristics are *** the present study,we aimed to investigate the impact of short-term ambient air pollution exposure on disease severity among a cohort of 569 laboratory confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted to designated hospitals in Zhejiang province,China,from January 17 to March 3,2020,and elucidate the possible biological processes involved using *** with mild cases,severe cases had higher proportion of medical conditions as well as unfavorable results in most of the laboratory tests,and manifested higher air pollution exposure *** exposure to air pollutants was associated with increased risk of severe COVID-19 with odds ratio(OR)of 1.89(95%confidence interval(CI):1.01,3.53),2.35(95%CI:1.20,4.61),2.87(95%CI:1.68,4.91),and 2.01(95%CI:1.10,3.69)for PM_(2.5),PM_(10),NO_(2)and CO,*** for NO_(2)remained significant in two-pollutant models after adjusting for other *** analysis showed 884 differentially expressed genes which mainly were enriched in virus clearance related biological processes between patients with high and low NO_(2)exposure levels,indicating that compromised immune response might be a potential underlying mechanistic *** findings highlight the impact of shortterm air pollution exposure,particularly for NO_(2),on COVID-19 severity,and emphasize the significance in mitigating the COVID-19 burden of commitments to improve air quality.

关键词： Air pollution COVID-19 Severity Transcriptomics Immune response

Microscopic ensemble bootstrap in phase space

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第6期76卷 72-76页

作者： yu zhang College of Mechanics and Engineering Science Hohai UniversityNanjing 211100China

The bootstrap method which has been studied under many quantum mechanical models turns out to be feasible in microcanonical ensembles as *** the approach of Nakayama(2022 ***.A 372250054)produces a sector when energy is negative,in this paper we report a method that has stronger constraints and results in a smaller *** also study other models to demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.

关键词： numerical bootstrap microcanonical ensemble Poisson bracket bootstrap oscillator

State-of-the-art on the anchorage performance of rock bolts subjected to shear load

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2024年第1期11卷 1-30页

作者： yu chen Haodong Xiao School of Civil Engineering Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai519082China

Rock bolts are extensively utilized in underground engineering as a means of offering support and stability to rock masses in tunnels,mines,and other underground *** environments of high ground stress,faults or weak zones can frequently arise in rock formations,presenting a significant challenge for engineering and potentially leading to underground engineering *** bolts serve as a crucial structural element for the transmission of tensile stress and are capable of withstanding shear loads to prevent sliding of weak zones within rock ***,a complete understanding of the behavior of rock bolts subjected to shear loads is *** paper presents a state-of-the-art review of the research progress of rock bolts subjected to shear load in three categories:experiment,numerical simulation,and analytical *** review focuses on the research studies and developments in this area since the 1970s,providing a comprehensive overview of numerous factors that influence the anchorage performance of rock *** factors include the diameter and angle of the rock bolt installation,rock strength,grouting material,bolt material,borehole diameter,rock bolt preload,normal stress,joint surface roughness and joint expansion *** paper reviews the improvement of mechanical parameter setting in numerical simulation of rock bolt ***,it delves into the optimization of the analytical model concerning rock bolt shear theory,approached from the perspectives of both Elastic foundation beam theory coupled with Elastoplasticity theory and Structural mechanic *** significance of this review lies in its ability to provide insights into the mechanical behavior of rock *** paper also highlights the limitations of current research and guidelines for further research of rock bolts.

关键词： Rock bolt Shear load Shear test Numerical simulation Analytical model