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Graded Heterojunction Improves Wide-Bandgap Perovskite for Highly Efficient 4-Terminal Perovskite/Silicon Tandem Solar Cells

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Research 2024年第2期2023卷 181-190页

作者： Wenming Chai Lindong Li Weidong Zhu Dazheng chen Long Zhou He xi Jincheng zhang Chunfu zhang Yue Hao State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology&Shaanxi Joint Key Laboratory of Graphene School of MicroelectronicsXidian UniversityXi'anShaanxi 710071China xi'an Baoxin Solar Technology Co. Ltd.Xi'an710071China

Wide-bandgap(WBG)perovskite solar cells(PSCs)are essential for highly efficient and stable silicon/perovskite tandem solar *** this study,we adopted a synthetic strategy with lead thiocyanate(Pb(SCN)_(2))additive and methylammonium chloride(MACl)posttreatment to enhance the crystallinity and improve the interface of WBG perovskite films with a bandgap of 1.68 *** excessive PbI_(2)was formed at grain boundaries and converted into MAPbI_(3-x)Cl_(x)perovskites,which are utilized to form the graded heterojunction(GHJ)and compressive *** is beneficial for passivating nonradiative recombination defects,suppressing halide phase segregation,and facilitating carrier ***,the device with GHJ delivered a champion efficiency of 20.30%and superior stability in ambient air and under 85℃.Finally,we achieved a recorded efficiency of 30.91%for 4-terminal WBG perovskite/TOPCon tandem silicon solar *** findings demonstrate a promising approach for fabricating efficient and stable WBG PSCs through the formation of GHJ.

关键词： perovskite Graded Highly

Induced CTL-S15 gene expression by Bacillus thuringiensis declines susceptibility in Spodoptera exigua

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第9期23卷 3078-3088页

作者： Jianqiang Bao Yuxuan chen Suwan Jiang Rui Liu xi zhang Fangzheng zhang Zhiwei chen chen Luo Hailong Kong College of Plant Protection Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

It has been reported that C-type lectins(CTLs),which are pattern recognition receptors of the insect innate immunity response,may compete with Cry toxin for the receptor alkaline phosphatase to decrease its toxicity in ***,to date,which CTLs affect larval susceptibility to Bt in Spodoptera exigua is not *** this study,33 CTL genes were identified from *** on the number of carbohydrate-recognition domains(CRDs)and the domain architectures,they were classified into three groups:(1)nineteen CTL-S(single-CRD),(2)eight immulectin(dual-CRD)and(3)six CTL-X(CRD with other domains).RT-qPCR analysis revealed that expression levels of SeCTL-S15,IML-4 and CTL-X6 were upregulated after challenge with Bt and *** and developmental stage expression analysis showed that only SeCTL-S15 was mainly expressed in the midgut and larva,*** of SeCTL-S15 significantly increased Bt susceptibility,as indicated by reduced survival and larval *** results suggest that CTL-S15 might play a vital role in the low susceptibility of larvae to Bt in *** results provide new insights into CTL function in insects.

关键词： Spodoptera exigua Bacillus thuringiensis susceptibility C-type lectins

Enhanced red luminescence of Ca_(3)Si_(2−x)M_(x)O_(7):Eu^(3+)(M=Al,P)phosphors via partial substitution of Si^(4+) for applications in white light-emitting diodes

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Rare Metals 2024年第2期43卷 736-748页

作者： Yu-Hao Ma xi Gao Wen-Tao zhang Zhen-Rui Yang Zhou Zhao chen Qu College of Materials and Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu610059China State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu610059China International Advanced Energy Science Research and Education Center Graduate School of Energy ScienceKyoto UniversityYoshida-HonmachiKyoto606-8501Japan

A red-emitting phosphor Ca_(2.91)Si_(2)O_(7):0.09Eu^(3+) with partial Al^(3+)/P^(5+) substitution on Si^(4+) was synthesized via a simple solid-state method,and the effects of the introduction of the M^(3+/5+)(M=Al,P)ions on the crystal structure and photoluminescence performance of Ca_(2.91)Si_(2−x)M_(x)O_(7):0.09Eu^(3+) phosphors were *** X-ray diffraction(XRD),energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)results revealed that the structure of Ca_(3)Si_(2)O_(7) remained the same after the introduction of Al^(3+) and P^(5+) *** characteristic emission of Eu^(3+)-doped Ca_(3)Si_(2−x)M_(x)O_(7) phosphors exhibited two main peaks at 617 nm(red)and 593 nm(orange)under excitation at 394 nm,which originated from the^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(2)and^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(1) electron transitions of Eu^(3+) *** the partial substitution of Al^(3+) and P^(5+),the red emission intensities of the Ca_(2.91)Si_(2)O_(7):0.09Eu^(3+) phosphors were significantly enhanced by 1.88-and 1.42-fold,respectively,which is attributed to the crystal-field effect around Eu^(3+).Meanwhile,the luminescence intensities of the Ca_(2.91)Si_(1.96)Al_(0.04)O_(7):0.09Eu^(3+) and Ca_(2.91)Si_(1.94)P_(0.06)O_(7):0.09Eu^(3+) phosphors at 210℃ were 79.36%and 77.53%of those at 30°C,respectively,indicating their excellent thermal ***,the as-prepared Ca_(2.91)Si_(1.96)Al_(0.04)O_(7):0.09Eu^(3+)and Ca_(2.91)Si_(1.94)P_(0.06)O_(7):0.09Eu^(3+) red-emitting phosphors were combined with a near-ultraviolet chip of 395 nm to fabricate red-light-emitting diode(LED)and white(w)-LED devices with excellent chromaticity *** summary,Al^(3+)/P^(5+)-substituted Ca_(2.91)Si_(2)O_(7):0.09Eu^(3+) can serve as red-emitting phosphors for applications in w-LEDs.

关键词： Ca_(3)Si_(2)O_(7) Red-emitting phosphor Structure substitution Luminescence enhancement Crystal-field effect White light-emitting diode

Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Perennial Ryegrass Mixed Planting with Legumes under Heavy Metal Pollution

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第7期93卷 1749-1765页

作者： Yi xi Li zhang Yanhong Xu Wei cheng Chao chen College of Animal Science Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China

In artiﬁcially controlled pot experiments,perennial ryegrass was mixed with other leguminous plants(white clo-ver and alfalfa)and treated with lead,zinc and cadmium(337 mg·kg^(-1),648 mg·kg^(-1),and 9 mg·kg^(-1),respectively)to simulate compound pollution *** results showed that the concentrations of heavy metals,trans-port factors,and bioconcentration factors in mixed planting of ryegrass decreased compared with those in *** of whether heavy metal pollution was introduced,mixed planting increased the aboveground and underground biomasses of *** different mixed planting treatments had no signiﬁcant impact on the chlorophyll concentration of *** mowing time,mixed planting treatment,and heavy metal treatment had impacts on antioxidant and osmotic adjustment substances,and there were some *** mixed planting treatment did not signiﬁcantly affect glutathione concentration,cysteine concentration,or nonprotein *** planting generally increased the nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations of ryegrass while reducing the stoichiometric ratio of carbon,nitrogen,and *** results suggest that the mixed planting of ryegrass with legumes promotes the growth of ryegrass in the presence of high concentrations of heavy metal ***,it does not enhance the ability of ryegrass to remediate heavy metal pollution in the soil.

关键词： Perennial ryegrass mixed planting phytoremediation lead zinc and cadmium soil pollution

Simple chemical synthesis and isotropic negative thermal expansion in MHfF_(6)(M=Ca,Mn,Fe,and Co)

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 2195-2203页

作者： Yongqiang Qiao Sen zhang Peixian zhang Juan Guo Andrea Sanson xi Zhen Kaiyue Zhao Qilong Gao Jun chen Key Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450052China Department of Physics and Astronomy University of PadovaPadova I-35131Italy Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Department of Physical ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

The rapid progress of modern technologies has accelerated the prominence of thermal expansion mismatch between materials,and tunable thermal expansion materials will be a powerful safeguard against this ***,isotropic MHfF_(6)(M=Ca,Mn,Fe,and Co)compounds with tunable thermal expansion have been produced via a low-cost synthetic method and *** utilizing temperature dependent X-ray diffraction(XRD)and Raman spectroscopy,combined with first principles calculations,it was revealed that the transverse thermal vibrations of the F atoms are dominated by low-frequency phonons with negative Grüneisen parameters and are therefore the origin of the negative thermal expansion(NTE).Very interestingly,with the increase of the M atomic number,the metal…F atomic linkages become stiffer,reducing the number of vibrational modes with negative Grüneisen parameters,so that the strong NTE can be gradually adjusted to moderate NTE and to near zero thermal *** present study achieves the tunable thermal expansion in a new compound family and shed light on the internal mechanism from the perspective of lattice vibrational dynamics.

关键词： negative thermal expansion fluorides chemical synthesis nanosheet structure first principles calculations

An extended numerical model of the first exothermic peak for three dimensional printed cement-based materials

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 80-88页

作者： Wei JIANG Wenqian LI xi chen School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China School of Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

The first exothermic peak of cement-based material occurs a few minutes after mixing,and the properties of three dimensional(3D)printed concrete,such as setting time,are very sensitive to *** this background,based on the classical Park cement exothermic model of hydration,we propose and construct a numerical model of the first exothermic peak,taking into account the proportions of C_(3)S,C_(3)A and quicklime in *** calculated parameters are calibrated by means of relevant published exothermic test *** is found that this developed model offers a good simulation of the first exothermic peak of hydration for C_(3)S and C_(3)A proportions from 0 to 100% of cement clinker and reflects the effect of quicklime content at 8%-10%.The unique value of this research is provision of an important computational tool for applications that are sensitive to the first exothermic peak of hydration,such as 3D printing.

关键词： 3D printed cement-based materials cement hydration the first exothermic peak liquid quick-setting agent numerical model

Improving lipid production by Rhodotorula glutinis for renewable fuel production based on machine learning

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第5期18卷 23-35页

作者： Lihe zhang Changwei zhang xi Zhao Changliu He Xu zhang National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Collage of Life Science and Technology Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 10029China

Microbial lipid fermentation encompasses intricate complex cell growth processes and heavily relies on expert experience for optimal *** modeling of the fermentation process assists researchers in making intelligent decisions,employing logical reasoning and strategic planning to optimize lipid *** this study,the effects of medium components and concen-trations on lipid fermentation were investigated,*** then,leveraging the collated data,a variety of machine learning algorithms were used to model and optimize the lipid fermentation *** models,based on artificial neural networks and support vector machines,achieved R?values all higher than 0.93,ensuring accurate predictions of the fermentation *** linear regression was used to evaluate the respective target parameter,which were affected by the medium components of lipid ***,single and multi-objective optimiza-tion were conducted for lipid fermentation using the genetic *** results demonstrated the maximum biomass of 50.3 g·L^(-1) and maximum lipid concentration of 14.1 g:L^(-1) with the error between the experimental and predicted values less than 5%.The results of the multi-objective optimization reveal the synergistic and competitive relationship between biomass,lipid concentration,and conversion rate,which lay a basis for in-depth optimization and amplification.

关键词： microbial lipid machine learning artificial neural network support vector machine genetic algorithm

Comparing the effects of dual-task training and single-task training on walking,balance and cognitive functions in individuals with Parkinson’s disease:A systematic review

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第13期137卷 1535-1543页

作者： xiaoying Lin Yanming zhang xiaowei zhang xi chen Jianhua Liu Lei Yang Marco Yiu Chung Pang Department of Rehabilitation Medicine the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710061China Department of Rehabilitation Medicine The Second People’s Hospital of KunmingKunmingYunnan 650051China Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100000China Department of Physical Therapy China Rehabilitation Research CenterBeijing 100000China Department of Rehabilitation Sciences The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China

Background:This systematic review aimed to examine whether dual-task(DT)training was superior to single-task(ST)training in improving DT walking,balance and cognitive functions for individuals with Parkinson’s disease(PD).Methods:Literature search was performed in the following electronic databases:PubMed,the Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and Metstr covering inception to May 10,*** in order to facilitate comparison across trials,we calculated the effect size(Hedges’g)of gait,balance,cognitive,and other parameters under both ST and DT conditions,using the mean change score and standard deviation(SD)of change score of the experimental and control *** controlled trials that examined the effects of DT motor and cognitive training in individuals with Parkinson’s disease were included for this systematic ***:A total of 214 participants recruited from six articles(actually five trials)were involved in this *** terms of walking ability,only double support time and stride time variability showed significant between-group difference(Hedges’g=0.34,0.18,respectively).Compared to ST training group,DT training group had a more improvement effect in laboratory balance measurement(Hedges’g=0.18,1.25),but no significant improvement in clinical balance *** significant between-group differences were observed,thus its training effect on cognitive function was ***:The DT training failed to achieve promising results better than ST training in improving DT walking and balance functions for individuals with *** firm conclusion cannot be drawn at present,due to the limited number of eligible *** sample size and high-quality studies are needed to investigate the effectiveness of DT training in individuals with PD.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease Dual-task training Mobility Cognition Systematic review

Reshaping the Cortical Connectivity Gradient by Long-Term Cognitive Training During Development

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第1期40卷 50-64页

作者： Tianyong Xu Yunying Wu Yi zhang xi-Nian Zuo Feiyan chen Changsong Zhou Bio-X Laboratory School of PhysicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation College of Optical Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Bejing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Developmental Population Neuroscience Research Center IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Devices Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Physics Centre for Nonlinear Studies and Beijing-Hong Kong-Singapore Joint Centre for Nonlinear and Complex Systems(Hong Kong)Institute of Computational and Theoretical StudiesHong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong 999077China

The organization of the brain follows a topologi-cal hierarchy that changes dynamically during ***,it remains unknown whether and how cognitive training administered over multiple years during develop-ment can modify this hierarchical *** measuring the brain and behavior of school children who had carried out abacus-based mental calculation(AMC)training for five years(starting from 7 years to 12 years old)in pre-training and post-training,we revealed the reshaping effect of long-term AMC intervention during development on the brain hierarchical *** observed the development-induced emergence of the default network,AMC training-promoted shifting,and regional changes in cortical ***,the training-induced gradient changes were located in visual and somatomotor areas in association with the visuospatial/motor-imagery *** found that gradient-based features can predict the math ability within *** findings provide novel insights into the dynamic nature of network recruitment impacted by long-term cognitive training during development.

关键词： Connectivity gradient Cognitive training Development Neural plasticity Abacus-based mental calculation