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Virus-Host Interactions Drive Contrasting Bacterial Diel Dynamics in the Ocean

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Research 2024年第2期6卷 389-399页

作者： Xiaowei chen chen Hu Wei Wei Yunlan Yang Markus g.Weinbauer Hongbo Li Shiying Ren Ruije Ma YVibin Huang Tingwei Luo Nianzhi Jiao Rui Zhang State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science College of Ocean and Earth SciencesFujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon SequestrationXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102PR China College of the Environment and Ecology Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102PR China Research Center for Environmental Ecology and Engineering School of Environmental Ecology and Biological EngineeringWuhan Institute of TechnologyWuhan 430205PR China Sorbonne Universités UPMCUniversitéParis 06CNRSLaboratoire d'Oceanographie de Villefranche(LOV)Villefranche-sur-Mer 06230France National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center Ministry of Ecological EnvironmentDalian 116023PR China Department of Ocean Sciences University of CaliforniaSanta CruzCAUSA NOAA/OAR Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory SeattleWAUSA Institute for Advanced Study Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518055PR China

Marine organisms perform a sea of diel *** diel dynamics have been shown to be driven by light,energy resources,circadian rhythms,and the coordinated coupling of photoautotrophs and heterotrophic ***,we explore the diel fluctuation of viral production and decay and their impact on the total and active bacterial community in the coastal and open seawaters of the South China *** results showed that the night-production diel pattern of lytic viral production was concurrent with the lower viral decay at night,contributing to the accumulation of the viral population size during the night for surface *** diel variations in bacterial activity,community composition,and diversity were found highly affected by viral *** was revealed by the finding that bacterial community diversity was positively correlated to lytic viral production in the euphotic zone of the open ocean but was negatively related to lysogenic viral production in the coastal *** distinct but contrasting correlations suggest that viral life strategies can not only contribute to diversifying bacterial community but also potentially piggyback their host to dominate bacterial community,suggesting the tightly synchronized depth-dependent and habitat-specific diel patterns of virus-host *** further implies that viruses serve as an ecologically important driver of bacterial diel dynamics across the ocean,highlighting the viral roles in bacterial ecological and biogeochemical processes in the ocean.

关键词： coastal ocean Marine

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玉米野生种基因组研究进展及应用

生物技术通报 2024年第3期40卷 14-24页

作者：胡伊娃陈露浙江大学农业与生物技术学院作物科学研究所杭州310058

气候变化为粮食生产、生态系统的稳定性带来了重要的挑战。在极端气候变化下,发展适应性物种是作物遗传育种的重要目标之一。作为重要的作物之一,玉米在经历强烈的驯化瓶颈之后,已经丢失了大量的遗传多样性,特别是一些与生物和非生物胁... 详细信息

气候变化为粮食生产、生态系统的稳定性带来了重要的挑战。在极端气候变化下,发展适应性物种是作物遗传育种的重要目标之一。作为重要的作物之一,玉米在经历强烈的驯化瓶颈之后,已经丢失了大量的遗传多样性,特别是一些与生物和非生物胁迫相关的位点。在野生种和农家种中寻找玉米驯化过程中丢失的遗传多样性,并将其应用于现代遗传育种中,将为适应性新品种的创制提供新的契机。本文在对大刍草(玉米野生近亲)的发现及分类研究进行介绍之后,进一步总结了大刍草和玉米的性状与基因组差异,并综述了目前基于遗传学、群体遗传学、分子生物学等对大刍草和玉米之间差异遗传机理剖析的进展,多角度表明了大刍草在玉米遗传学研究中的重要性。最后,对未来气候变化下大刍草在玉米育种中的重要性提出了展望。

关键词：气候变化玉米适应性野生种

Learning to optimize:A tutorial for continuous and mixed-integer optimization

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Science China Mathematics 2024年第6期67卷 1191-1262页

作者： Xiaohan chen Jialin Liu Wotao Yin Decision Intelligence Lab Alibaba DAMO AcademyBellevueWA98004USA

Learning to optimize(L2O)stands at the intersection of traditional optimization and machine learning,utilizing the capabilities of machine learning to enhance conventional optimization *** real-world optimization problems frequently share common structures,L2O provides a tool to exploit these structures for better or faster *** tutorial dives deep into L2O techniques,introducing how to accelerate optimization algorithms,promptly estimate the solutions,or even reshape the optimization problem itself,making it more adaptive to real-world *** considering the prerequisites for successful applications of L2O and the structure of the optimization problems at hand,this tutorial provides a comprehensive guide for practitioners and researchers alike.

关键词： AI for mathematics(AI4Math) learning to optimize algorithm unrolling plug-and-play methods differentiable programming machine learning for combinatorial optimization(ML4CO)

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Winter wheat yield improvement by genetic gain across different provinces in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第2期23卷 468-483页

作者： Wei chen Jingjuan Zhang Xiping Deng Key Laboratory of Disaster Monitoring and Mechanism Simulating of Shaanxi Province/School of geography and Environment Baoji University of Arts and SciencesBaoji 721013China Centre for Crop and Food Innovation Murdoch University90 South StreetMurdochWA 6150Australia State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

The replacement of winter wheat varieties has contributed significantly to yield improvement worldwide,with remarkable progress in *** on two sets of data,production yield from the National Bureau of Statistics of China and experimental yield from literature,this study aims to(1)illustrate the increasing patterns of production yield among different provinces from 1978 to 2018 in China,(2)explore the genetic gain in yield and yield relevant traits through the variety replacement based on experimental yield from 1937 to 2016 in China,and(3)compare the yield gap between experimental yield and production *** results show that both the production and experimental yields significantly increased along with the variety *** national annual yield increase ratio for the production yield was 1.67%from 1978 to 2018,varying from 0.96%in Sichuan Province to 2.78%in Hebei Province;such ratio for the experimental yield was 1.13%from 1937 to *** yield gap between experimental and production yields decreased from the 1970s to the *** study reveals significant increases in some yield components consequent to variety replacement,including thousand-grain weight,kernel number per spike,and grain number per square meter;however,no change is shown in spike number per square *** biomass and harvest index consistently and significantly increased,whereas the plant height decreased significantly.

关键词： genetic gain winter wheat yield yield components

An analytical transient coal permeability model:Sorption non-equilibrium index-based swelling switch

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and geotechnical Engineering 2024年第4期16卷 1175-1191页

作者： Xingxing Liu Jishan Liu Liang chen Jinchang Sheng Huimin wa.g College of Civil and Transportation Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing210098China School of Engineering The University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawleyWA6009Australia College of water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing210098China

Long-term permeability experiments have indicated that sorption-induced swelling can switch from internal to bulk depending on the evolutive sorption ***,this sorption swelling switch mechanism has not been considered in current analytical permeability *** study introduces a normalized sorption non-equilibrium index(SNEI)to characterize the sorption status,quantify the dynamical variations of matrix swelling accumulation and internal swelling partition,and formulate the sorption swelling switch *** incorporation of this index into the extended total effective stress concept leads to an analytical transient coal permeability *** results show that the sorption swelling switch itself results in the permeability switch under stress-constrained conditions,while the confined bulk swelling suppresses the permeability recovery to the continuous reduction under displacement-constrained *** verifications show that current experimental observations correspond to the early stages of the transient process,and they could be extended to the whole process with these *** study demonstrates the importance of the sorption swelling switch in determining permeability evolution using simple boundary *** provides new insights into experimentally revealing the sorption swelling switch in the future,and underscores the requirement of a rigorous model for complex coupled processes in large-scale coal seams.

关键词： Coal permeability Sorption swelling switch Sorption non-equilibrium Boundary conditions

Assembly of highly efficient aqueous light-harvesting system from sequence-defined peptoids for cytosolic microRNA detection

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 788-796页

作者： Yang Song Xiaoli Cai Mingming wa.g Dan Du Yuehe Lin Chun-Long chen Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164USA Division of Physical Sciences Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichlandWA 99352USA Department of Chemical Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA

Precisely controlled spatial distributions of artificial light-harvesting systems in aqueous media are of significant importance for mimicking natural light-harvesting systems;however,they are often restrained by the solubility and the aggregation-caused quenching effect of the hydrophobic ***,we report one highly efficient artificial light-harvesting system based on peptoid nanotubes that mimic the hierarchical cylindrical structure of natural *** high crystallinity of these nanotubes enabled the organization of arrays of donor chromophores with precisely controlled spatial distributions,favoring an efficient Förster resonance energy transfer(FRET)process in aqueous *** FRET system exhibits an extremely high efficiency of 98.6%with a fluorescence quantum yield of 40%and an antenna effect of *** further demonstrated the use of this artificial light-harvesting system for quantifying miR-210 within cancer *** fluorescence intensity ratio of donor to acceptor is linearly related to the concentration of intercellular miR-210 in the range of 3.3–156 copies/*** high sensitivity in intracellular detection of miR-210 using this artificial light-harvesting system offers a great opportunity and pathways for biological imaging and detection,and for the further creation of microRNA(miRNA)toolbox for quantitative epigenetics and personalized medicine.

关键词： light-harvesting peptoid nanotube Förster resonance energy transfer intracellular RNA detection

Shallow sub-lakes are essential for sustaining the successful wintering of waterbirds in Poyang Lake,China

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 219-228页

作者： Mengjie Lu Zhen Zhang Peng chen Changxin Xu Bin gao Luzhang Ruan School of Life Sciences Nanchang UniversityNanchang330031China Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of watershed Ecosystem Change and Biodiversity Center for Watershed EcologyInstitute of Life Science and School of Life SciencesNanchang UniversityNanchang330031China

For migratory waterbirds,the quality of wintering habitat is related to spring migration and successful breeding in the next *** availability of food resources in the habitat is critical and varies within water *** the water-level fluctuations in Poyang Lake have been extremely variable interannually in recent years,the wintering waterbird populations have remained relatively ***,the mechanism of maintaining the stability is worth *** study aimed to compare the distribution of vegetation and herbivorous wa-terbirds in 2015-2016 and 2016-2017,focusing on three shallow sub-lakes and one main lake *** results showed that the emergence of tubers and the growth of Carex *** a continuous food supply and habitat for wintering waterbirds with a gradual decline in the water *** sub-lakes supported almost all of the tuber-eating waterbirds(1.42-1.62×10^(5))and most geese(1.34-1.53×10^(6)).However,the main lake area,covered with Persicaria hydropiper,did not provide adequate and accessible *** resulted in almost no distribution of tuber-eating waterbirds,with only a few geese congregating in early *** results demonstrated that the shallow sub-lakes under human control provided a different environment from the main lake and are key to sustaining the successful wintering of hundreds of thousands of migratory waterbirds in Poyang ***,we recommend refining the anthropogenic management of the shallow sub-lakes to regulate the water level to ensure the carrying capacity of Poyang Lake.

关键词： Anthropogenic management Carrying capacity Seasonal lake water level Wintering habitat

Potassium transporter OsHAK9 regulates seed germination under salt stress by preventing gibberellin degradation through mediating OsgA2ox7 in rice

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第4期66卷 731-748页

作者： Peng Zeng Ting Xie Jiaxin Shen Taokai Liang Lu Yin Kexin Liu Ying He Mingming chen Haijuan Tang Sunlu chen Sergey Shabala Hongsheng Zhang Jinping cheng National Key Laboratory of Crop genetics&germplasm Enhancement and Utilization Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionHainan Yazhou Bay Seed LabJiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Seed Industry Science and TechnologyNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China International Research Center for Environmental Membrane Biology Foshan UniversityFoshan 528000China School of Biological Sciences University of Western AustraliaCrawley WA 6009Australia

Soil salinity has a major impact on rice seed germination,severely limiting rice ***,a rice germination defective mutant under salt stress(gdss)was identified by using chemical *** gDSS gene was detected via MutMap and shown to encode potassium transporter *** analysis of complementation and mutant lines demonstrated that OsHAK9 was an essential regulator responsible for seed germination under salt ***9 is highly expressed in germinating seed *** contents and non-invasive micro-test technology results showed that OsHAK9 restricted K^(+)efflux in salt-exposed germinating seeds for the balance of K^(+)/Na^(+).Disruption of OsHAK9 significantly reduced gibberellin 4(gA4)levels,and the germination defective phenotype of oshak9a was partly rescued by exogenous gA_(3)treatment under salt *** sequencing(RNA-seq)and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated that the disruption of OsHAK9 improved the gA-deactivated gene OsgA2ox7 expression in germinating seeds under salt stress,and the expression of OsgA2ox7 was significantly inhibited by salt *** mutants of OsgA2ox7 created using clustered,regularly interspaced,short palindromic repeat(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated nuclease 9 approach displayed a dramatically increased seed germination ability under salt ***,our results highlight that OsHAK9 regulates seed germination performance under salt stress involving preventing gA degradation by mediating OsgA2ox7,which provides a novel clue about the relationship between gA and OsHAKs in rice.

关键词： gDSS gibberellins potassium transporter rice salt tolerance seed germination

Spatiotemporal dynamics of the social structure of Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins(Sousa chinensis)in Xiamen waters from 2007 to 2019

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Zoological Research 2024年第2期45卷 439-450页

作者： Yi Lu Xin-Rong Xu Bing-Yao chen Thomas A Jefferson Holly Fearnbach guang Yang Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology College of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210023China Clymene Enterprises LakesideCalifornia 92040USA Marine Mammal Research SR3SeaLife ResponseRehabilitation and ResearchWA 98275USA Southern Marine Science and Engineering guangdong Laboratory(guangzhou) No.1119Haibin RoadNansha DistrictGuangzhouGuangdong 511458China

As highly social animals,Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins(Sousa chinensis)exhibit community ***,our understanding of the external and internal factors influencing these dynamics,as well as their spatiotemporal variations,is still *** the present study,variations in the social structure of an endangered Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin population in Xiamen Bay,China,were monitored over two distinct periods(2007–2010 and 2017–2019)to analyze the effects of habitat utilization and the composition of individuals within the *** both periods,the population demonstrated a strikingly similar pattern of social differentiation,characterized by the division of individuals into two main clusters and one small ***,the two primary clusters occupied the eastern and western waters,respectively,although the core distribution area of the eastern cluster shifted further eastward between the two *** this distribution shift,the temporal stability of the social structure and inter-associations within the eastern cluster remained unaffected.A subset of 16individuals observed in both periods,comprising 51.6%and 43.2%of the population in each respective period,emerged as a foundational element of the social structure and may be responsible for sustaining social structure stability,especially during the 2007–2010 *** observations suggest that the composition of dominant individuals,an internal factor,had a more substantial influence on the formation of the social network than changes in habitat use,an external ***,the study proposes distinct conservation measures tailored to each of the two main clusters.

关键词： Social differentiation Social structure Sousa chinensis Dynamics Conservation