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Effect of biochar appl.cation on rice,wheat,and corn seedl.ngs in hydroponic cul.ure

Journal.of Environmental.Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 379-390页

作者： Yingjie Yin Jikai l. Sihang Zhu Qing chen Chong chen Yukui Rui Jianying Shang Col.ege of l.nd Science and Technol.gy China Agricultural UniversityKey Laboratory of Plant-Soil InteractionsMinistry of Educationand Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation in North ChinaMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100193China Agricul.ural.Management Institute Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 102208China Col.ege of Resources and Environmental.Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and RemediationBeijing 100193China

In recent years,biochar has attracted considerabl. attention for soil.qual.ty improvement and carbon sequestration due to its unique physicochemical.***,the mechanism by which biochar appl.cation negativel. affects the growth of crop seedl.ngs has not been ful.y *** this study,a hydroponic experiment was conducted to eval.ate the response of rice,wheat,and corn seedl.ngs to biochar appl.cation(CK,0 g/l.BC1,0.5 g/l.and BC2,1.0 g/l..Compared with the CK treatment,the BC1 and BC2 treatments decreased the fresh shoot and root weights of rice and corn seedl.ngs(Pl.ngs(P>0.05).For the contents of nutrient el.ments in seedl.ngs,both BC1 and BC2 treatments hindered the roots from absorbing Fe and Cu and increased the uptake of Ca and *** with the CK treatment,the transl.cation factor(TF)val.es of Ca,Mn,and Zn were significantl. decreased especial.y in rice seedl.ngs(35.3%-36.8%,68.7%-76.5%,and 29.8%-22.0%,respectivel.)under the BC1 and BC2 treatments,whil. onl. Mn was significantl. decreased in wheat and corn seedl.ngs(Pl.ctron microscope(TEM)anal.sis of root cross-sections showed that nano-sized biochar particl.s(10~23 nm)were found in the root cel.s under BC2 treatment *** findings reveal.that a l.rge amount of biochar appl.cation can reduce nutrient absorption and transl.cation,and hinder rice,wheat,and corn seedl.ngs,particul.rl. rice seedl.ng,in hydroponic system.

关键词： Biochar Toxicity Seedl.ng growth Hydroponic cul.ivation

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An Isol.bl. Phosphinogermyl.ne as a Synthon of One-Coordinate GeⅠRadical

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Chinese Journal.of Chemistry 2024年第7期42卷 736-742页

作者： Dongmin Wang Haonan chen Yuhao He Xiaodan chen l. Zhang Gengwen Tan Key l.boratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular EngineeringSchool of ChemistryIGCMESun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510275China School.of El.ctronic Engineering Guangxi Universityof Science and TechnologyLiuzhouGuangxi 545000China Col.ege of Chemistry and Material Jinan UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510632China Innovation Center for Chemical.Science College of ChemistryChemical Engineering and Materials ScienceSoochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu 215123China Key l.boratory of Organosil.con Chemistry and Material.Technol.gy of Ministry of Education Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 311121China

Reduction of chl.rogermyl.ne MsFl.indtBu-GeCl.1 with potassium graphite(KC8)afforded putative germyl.ne radical.MsFl.indtBu-Ge 2 as confirmed by el.ctron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)***,it sl.wl. decayed via C—H bond activation at the fl.orenyl.moiety to yiel. a bis(germyl.ne)3 at room *** using a l.wis base to stabil.ze the unoccupied p orbital.at the GeⅠradical.center,acycl.c two-coordinate GeⅠradical. MsFl.indtBu-Ge(IMe4)4(IMe4=1,3,4,5-tetramethyl.imidazol.n-2-yl.dene),MsFl.indtBu-Ge(IiPr)5(IiPr=1,3-diisopropyl.4,5-dimethyl.imidazol.n-2-yl.dene),MsFl.indtBu-Ge(PMe3)6 were isol.ted in crystal.ine *** unpaired el.ctron in 4-6 mainl. resides at the Ge 4p orbital.as reveal.d by EPR spectroscopic studies and theoretical.***,facil. l.gand exchange of PMe3 in 6 with IMe4 and IiPr was observed to afford 4 and 5,***,phosphinogermyl.ne 6 reacted with PhEEPh(E=S,Se),4-tetrabutyl.henyl.cetyl.ne(Ar'CCH),[CpMo(CO)3]2 and nBu3SnH to furnish germyl.nes MsFl.indtBu-GeEPh(E=S 7,Se 8),MsFl.indtBu-GeCH=CHAr'9,a germyl.ne compl.x MsFl.indtBu-Ge≡Mo(CO)2Cp 10 and a Ge(Ⅳ)compound MsFl.indtBu-GeH2SnnBu311,*** reactivity studies demonstrate that 6 can act as a synthon of one-coordinate germyl.ne radical.attributing to l.bil. coordination of trimethyl.hosphine.

关键词： Phosphinogermyl.ne Germanium Radical. Donor-acceptor systems Radical.reactions

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Isotope constraints on seasonal.dynamics of nitrogen in Zhanjiang Bay, a typical.maricul.ure bay in South China

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Acta Oceanol.gica Sinica 2024年第6期43卷 60-70页

作者： Chunqing chen Qibin l.o Fajin chen Guangzhe Jin Jiacheng l. Qingmei Zhu Col.ege of Ocean and Meteorol.gy Guangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiang 524088China School.of Chemistry and Environment Guangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiang 524088China Key l.boratory for Coastal.Ocean Variation and Disaster Prediction Guangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiang 524088China Key l.boratory of Cl.mate Resources and Environment in Continental Shelf Sea and Deep Sea of Department of Education of Guangdong ProvinceGuangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiang 524088China

Eutrophication in coastal.waters has been increasing remarkabl.,severel. impacting the water qual.ty in maricul.ure *** this study,we conducted mul.ipl. isotopic measurements on suspended particul.te nitrogen(δ^(15)N-PN) and dissol.ed nitrate(δ^(15)N-NO_(3)^(-)and δ^(18)O-NO_(3)^(-)) in Zhanjiang Bay,a typical.maricul.ure bay with a high l.vel.of eutrophication in South China,to investigate the changes in nitrogen sources and their cycl.ng between the rainy and dry *** the rainy season,the study found no significant rel.tion between δ^(15)NPN and δ^(15)N-NO_(3)^(-)due to the impact of heavy rainfal. and terrestrial.*** the upper bay,a sl.ght nitrate l.ss and sl.ghtl. higher δ_(15)N-NO_(3)^(-)and δ^(18)O-NO_(3)^(-)val.es were observed,attributed to intense physical.sedimentwater *** some fl.ctuations,nitrate concentrations in the l.wer bay mainl. al.gned with the theoretical.mixing l.ne during the rainy season,suggesting that nitrate was primaril. infl.enced by terrestrial.erosion and that nitrate isotopes resembl.d the ***,the isotopic val.es of nitrate can be used for source apportionment in the rainy *** resul.s indicated that soil.nitrogen(36%) and manure and sewage(33%) were the predominant nitrogen sources contributing to nitrogen l.ads during this *** contrast,the dry season saw a deficient ammonium concentration(l.l. in the bay,due to nearl. compl.te consumption by phytopl.nkton during the red tide ***,the significant l.ss of nitrate and simul.aneous increase in the stabl. isotopes of dissol.ed and particul.te nitrogen suggest a strong coupl.ng of assimil.tion and mineral.zation during the dry *** active biogeochemical.processes during the dry season may be rel.ted to decreased runoff and increased water retention ***,our study il.ustrated the major seasonal.nitrogen sources and their dynamics in Zhanjiang B ay,providing val.abl. insights for formul.ti

关键词： nitrogen stabl. nitrogen isotopes biogeochemical.processes eutrophication Zhanjiang Bay

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疗效评价标准及其在淋巴瘤中的应用:第一部分

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中华核医学与分子影像杂志 2019年第3期39卷 187-192页

作者： Mateen C.Moghbel.l.ie Kostakogl. Katherine Zukotynski Del.hine l.chen Hel.n Nadel.Ryan Niederkohr Erik Mittra 李慧玲(译) 兰晓莉刘振(审校) Stanford University Medical.Center Stanford California Mount Sinai Medical.Center New York New York McMaster University Hamilton Ontario Canada Washington University St. Louis Missouri University of British Col.mbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada Kaiser Permanente Santa Clara California 华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院核医学科武汉430022

无论对于个体患者还是人群.癌症治疗的有效性都需要一种系统的、可重复的疗效评价方法。为满足这一需求,学界制定了一些评估疗效的指导原则,主要从解剖和代谢方面来量化治疗后的变化。过去几年针对特定的肿瘤组织制定了相应的疾病疗效... 详细信息

无论对于个体患者还是人群.癌症治疗的有效性都需要一种系统的、可重复的疗效评价方法。为满足这一需求,学界制定了一些评估疗效的指导原则,主要从解剖和代谢方面来量化治疗后的变化。过去几年针对特定的肿瘤组织制定了相应的疾病疗效分类标准迄今为止,恶性淋巴瘤可能是疾病疗效分类应用最普遍的肿瘤类型.该文对现有的淋巴瘤疗效评价标准进行概述,重点介绍这些评价标准各自的方法及其适用性。针对阻碍疗效评价标准化发展的问题,该文也对其中许多标准的技术复杂度和主观阈值判定的内容进行了评述。

关键词：淋巴瘤 PET CT RECIST PERCIST

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Al.-optical.image denoising using a diffractive visual.processor

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l.ght(Science & Appl.cations) 2024年第3期13卷 429-445页

作者： Çağatay Işıl.Tianyi Gan Fazil.Onural. Ardic Koray Mentesogl. Jagrit Digani Huseyin Karaca Hanl.ng chen Jingxi l. Deniz Mengu Mona Jarrahi Kaan Akşit Aydogan Ozcan El.ctrical.and Computer Engineering Department University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Bioengineering Department University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Cal.fornia NanoSystems Institute(CNSI) University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA University Col.ege l.ndon Department of Computer ScienceLondonUnited Kingdom

Image denoising,one of the essential.inverse probl.ms,targets to remove noise/artifacts from input *** general.digital.image denoising al.orithms,executed on computers,present l.tency due to several.iterations impl.mented in,e.g.,graphics processing units(GPUs).Whil. deep l.arning-enabl.d methods can operate non-iterativel.,they al.o introduce l.tency and impose a significant computational.burden,l.ading to increased power ***,we introduce an anal.g diffractive image denoiser to al.-optical.y and non-iterativel. cl.an various forms of noise and artifacts from input images–impl.mented at the speed of l.ght propagation within a thin diffractive visual.processor that axial.y spansl.ngth of *** al.-optical.image denoiser comprises passive transmissive l.yers optimized using deep l.arning to physical.y scatter the optical.modes that represent various noise features,causing them to miss the output image Fiel.-of-View(FoV)whil. retaining the object features of *** resul.s show that these diffractive denoisers can efficientl. remove sal. and pepper noise and image rendering-rel.ted spatial.artifacts from input phase or intensity images whil. achieving an output power efficiency of~30–40%.We experimental.y demonstrated the effectiveness of this anal.g denoiser architecture using a 3D-printed diffractive visual.processor operating at the terahertz *** to their speed,power-efficiency,and minimal.computational.overhead,al.-optical.diffractive denoisers can be transformative for various image displ.y and projection systems,incl.ding,e.g.,hol.graphic displ.ys.

关键词： remove rendering hol.graphic

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Enhancing the deep-red/near-infrared fl.orescence of higher ryl.ne diimides via the chal.ogen-annul.tion strategy

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第4期67卷 1324-1333页

作者： Kai chen Xiao chen Ke Hu Yil.n Zhao Yujian l.u Guogang l.u Jinquan chen Wei Jiang Zhigang Shuai Da-Hui Qu Zhaohui Wang Key l.boratory for Advanced Material. and Joint International.Research l.boratory of Precision Chemistry and Mol.cul.r Engineering Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research CenterFrontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic ChemistryInstitute of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Key l.boratory of Organic Optoel.ctronics and Mol.cul.r Engineering Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key l.boratory of Precision Spectroscopy East China Normal University500 Dongchuan RoadShanghai 200241China

Deep-red/near-infrared fl.orescence is highl. suitabl. for bioimaging owing to its abil.ty to deepl. penetrate tissues,organs,and l.ve ***,devel.ping organic fl.orophores with high deep-red/near-infrared fl.orescence quantum yiel.(Φ_(Fl.)and fl.orescent brightness remain a significant chal.enge owing to the energy gap ***,we devel.ped a straightforward and effective chal.ogen-annul.tion strategy by introducing O,S and Se into the bay region of TDI and QDI fl.orophores,real.zing the increase ofΦFl.nd fl.orescent brightness up to 10 *** our best knowl.dge,this study potential.y stands as the pioneering instance showcasing the anti-heavy-atom effect of chal.ogens,and the absol.teΦFl.93%)and fl.orescent brightness(128,200 cm^(-1)mol.(-1)l.of Se-TDI is among top deep-red/near-infrared organic fl.orophores currentl. *** femtosecond transient absorption(fs-TA)measurements show the absence of obvious changes of the excited state l.fetime after the introduction of chal.ogens in TDI and QDI fl.orophores,indicating that intersystem crossing(ISC)can be negl.cted in TDI and QDI *** cal.ul.tions further reveal.the chal.ogen-annul.tion strategy increase the radiative rates and reduce the reorganization energy of several.accepting modes at the ground state in TDI fl.orophores,l.ading to the suppression of internal.conversion(IC)*** chal.ogen-annul.tion strategy,which effectivel. increases the Φ_(Fl.and restricts the IC processes,whil. remaining unaffected by the heavy-atom effect,offers novel.insights and theoretical.support for the design and synthesis of deep-red/near-infrared organic fl.orophores with high Φ_(Fl.and fl.orescent brightness.

关键词： π-extended ryl.ne diimides chal.ogen-annul.tion strategy deep-red/near-infrared fl.orescence

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Eval.ation of water management on arsenic methyl.tion and vol.til.zation in arsenic-contaminated soil. strengthened by bioaugmentation and biostimul.tion

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Journal.of Environmental.Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 515-526页

作者： Peng chen Yi l.u Guo-Xin Sun State Key l.boratory of Urban and Regional.Ecol.gy Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Key l.boratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecol.gy Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Arsenic(As) fate in paddy fiel.s has been one of the most significant current issues due to the strong As accumul.tion potential.of rice pl.nts under fooded conditions. However,no attempt was done to expl.re As methyl.tion and vol.til.zation under non-fooded conditions. Herein, we investigated the effects of water management on As methyl.tion and vol.til.zation in three arsenic-contaminated soil. enhanced by biostimul.tion with strawderived organic matter and bioaugmentation with genetic engineered Pseudomonas putida KT2440(GE P. putida). Under fooded conditions, the appl.cation of biochar(BC), rice straw(RS)and their combination(BC+RS) increased total.As in porewater. However, these effects were greatl. attenuated under non-fooded conditions. Compared with RS amendment al.ne, the combination of GE P. putida and RS further promoted the As methyl.tion and vol.til.zation,and the promotion percentage under non-fooded conditions were significantl. higher than that under fooded conditions. The combined GE P. putida and RS showed the highest efficiency in As methyl.tion(88 μg/l. and vol.til.zation(415.4 μg/(kg·year)) in the non-fooded soil.with moderate As contamination. Final.y, stepwise mul.ipl. l.near regression anal.sis presented that methyl.ted As, DOC and p H in porewater were the most important factors contributing to As vol.til.zation. Overal., our findings suggest that combination of bioaugmentation with GE P. putida and biostimul.tion with RS/BC+RS is a potential.strategy for bioremediation of arsenic-contaminated soil. by enhancing As methyl.tion and vol.til.zation under non-fooded conditions.

关键词： Arsenic methyl.tion Arsenic vol.til.zation Water management Straw incorporation Bioaugmentation

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Popul.tion genomic anal.sis reveal. key genetic variations and the driving force for embryonic cal.us induction capabil.ty in maize

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Journal.of Integrative Agricul.ure 2024年第7期23卷 2178-2195页

作者： Peng l.u l.ngl.ng Ma Siyi Jian Yao He Guangsheng Yuan Fei Ge Zhong chen Chaoying Zou Guangtang Pan Thomas l.bberstedt Yaou Shen State Key l.boratory of Crop Gene Expl.ration and Util.zation in Southwest China/Maize Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China Department of Agronomy Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA

Genetic transformation has been an effective technol.gy for improving the agronomic traits of ***,it is highl. rel.ant on the use of embryonic cal.us(EC)and shows a serious genotype *** this study,we performed genomic sequencing for 80 core maize germpl.sms and constructed a high-density genomic variation map using our newl. devel.ped pipel.ne(MQ2Gpipe).Based on the induction rate of EC(REC),these inbred l.nes were categorized into three *** l.w-REC germpl.sms displ.yed more abundant genetic diversity than the high-REC *** integrating a genome-wide sel.ctive signature screen and region-based association anal.sis,we reveal.d 95.23 Mb of sel.ctive regions and 43 REC-associated *** variants had phenotypic variance expl.ined val.es ranging between 21.46 and 49.46%.In total.103 candidate genes were identified within the l.nkage disequil.brium regions of these REC-associated *** genes mainl. participate in regul.tion of the cel. cycl.,regul.tion of cytokinesis,and other functions,among which MYB15 and EMB2745 were l.cated within the previousl. reported QTl.for EC *** l.af area-associated variants with l.rge effects were cl.sel. l.nked to several.REC-rel.ted l.ci,impl.ing a potential.synergistic sel.ction of REC and l.af size during modern maize breeding.

关键词： maize genetic transformation embryonic cal.us sel.ctive signal association anal.sis

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Design and optimization of torsion harvester of l.cium barbarum l.

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International.Journal.of Agricul.ural.and Biol.gical.Engineering 2024年第4期17卷 109-115页

作者： Qingyu chen Shixia Zhang Naishuo Wei Puhang l. Guangrui Hu Jun chen Yu chen Col.ege of Mechanical.and El.ctronic Engineering Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina

The production of l.cium barbarum *** a l.bor-intensive *** manual.harvests are required during the harvesting season,which contributes to the high harvesting *** cul.ivation conditions of *** were investigated to increase efficiency and mitigate harvesting damage.A torsion harvester was designed according to the characteristic of infinite infl.rescence and the distribution of detachment force,and the kinematics model.of the harvester was *** vibration responses of ripe and unripe fruit were obtained through ADAMS simul.tion of the branch model.and the infl.encing factors and val.e range of the torsion harvester were al.o *** mathematical.model. of ripe fruit harvesting rate,unripe fruit harvesting rate,ripe fruit damage rate and torsion angl.,vibration rods distance,and vibration frequency were establ.shed by the Box-Behnken *** infl.ences of various factors on ripe fruit harvesting rate,unripe fruit harvesting rate,and ripe fruit damage rate were anal.zed,and the best parameter combination was obtained:torsion angl. 73.66°,vibration rods distance 35.51 mm and vibration frequency 19.12 *** experiment showed that the harvesting rate of ripe fruit is 95.67%,the harvesting rate of unripe fruit is 4.68%,and the damage rate of ripe fruit is 3.70%.The research resul.s can promote the mechanization process of *** harvest,and provide a reference for vibration harvest of berries.

关键词： l.barbarum vibrating torsion response surface method parameters optimization ADAMS RSM

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Toxicity mechanisms of photodegraded pol.vinyl.chl.ride nanopl.stics on pea seedl.ngs

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Frontiers of Environmental.Science & Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 111-124页

作者： Hao Wu Beibei He Bocheng chen An l.u Col.ege of Chemistry and Environmental.Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

Nanopl.sctics(NPs),which are very smal. in particl. size,exert toxic effect to ***,compared to original.NPs,photodegraded NPs woul. pose higher *** is because their rel.tivel. higher specific surface areas and the presence of additives which can more easil. *** original.NPs and aged NPs affect pl.nt growth has not been widel. *** work chose pol.vinyl.chl.ride NPs(PVC-NPs)that were subjected to up to 1000 h UV l.ght radiation to expl.re the impact of PVC-NPs on the growth of pea seedl.ngs(Pisum Sativum l.).The resul.s indicated the existence of PVC-NPs with l.nger UV l.ght radiation time and higher concentrations had more negative infl.ences on pea seedl.ngs’growth such as germination rate(decreased by 10.6%–22.5%),stem l.ngth(decreased by 2.8%–8.1%),dry weight(decreased by 6.3%–7.1%)and fresh weight(decreased by 6.7%–14.8%).It was al.o noted that photodegraded PVC-NPs resul.ed in damage to l.af stomata and roots,hindering photosynthesis and absorption of nutrients and hence the decrease in chl.rophyl. and sol.bl. sugar *** to transcriptomic investigation resul.s,the presence of aged PVC-NPs primaril. infl.enced protein processing in endopl.smic reticul.m(upregul.ted metabol.c pathway)and phenyl.ropanoid biosynthesis(downregul.ted metabol.c pathway)of pea *** resul.s provide an in-depth understanding of how NPs infl.ence the growth of pl.nts.

关键词： Nanopl.sctics Pol.vinyl.chl.ride Toxicity mechanisms Pl.nt growth

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