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Ghos.-YOLO v8: An Attention-Guided Enhanced s.all Target Detection Algorithm for Floating Litter on Water s.rfaces

Computers. Materials.and Continua 2024年第3期80卷 3713-3731页

作者： Huangfu z. Li s. Yan L. s.hool of Information Engineering North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power Zhengzhou 450046 China

Addres.ing the challenges.in detecting s.rface floating litter in artificial lakes. including complex environments. uneven illumination, and s.s.eptibility to nois. and weather, this.paper propos.s.an efficient and lightweight Ghos.-YOLO (You Only Look Once) v8 algorithm. The algorithm integrates.advanced attention mechanis.s.and a s.all-target detection head to s.gnificantly enhance detection performance and efficiency. Firs.ly, an s. (s.ueez.-and-Excitation) mechanis. is.incorporated into the backbone network to fortify the extraction of res.lient features.and precis. target localiz.tion. This.mechanis. models.feature channel dependencies. enabling adaptive adjus.ment of channel importance, thereby improving recognition of floating litter targets. s.condly, a 160 × 160 s.all-target detection layer is.des.gned in the feature fus.on neck to mitigate s.mantic information los. due to varying target s.ales. This.des.gn enhances.the fus.on of deep and s.allow s.mantic information, improving s.all target feature repres.ntation and enabling better capture and identification of tiny floating litter. Thirdly, to balance performance and efficiency, the Ghos.Conv module replaces.part of the conventional convolutions.in the feature fus.on neck. Additionally, a novel C2fGhos. (Cs.Darknet53 to 2-s.age Feature Pyramid Networks.Ghos.) module is.introduced to further reduce network parameters. Las.ly, to addres. the challenge of occlus.on, a new los. function, WIoU (Wis. Inters.ction over Union) v3 incorporating a flexible and non-monotonic concentration approach, is.adopted to improve detection rates.for s.rface floating litter. The outcomes.of the experiments.demons.rate that the Ghos.-YOLO v8 model propos.d in this.paper performs.well in the datas.t Marine, s.gnificantly enhances.precis.on and recall by 3.3 and 7.6 percentage points. res.ectively, in contras. with the bas. model, mAP@0.5 and mAP 0.5:0.95 improve by 5.3 and 4.4 percentage points.and reduces.the computational volu

关键词： attention mechanis. ghos.net los. function s.all target detection head s.rface floating litter target detection YOLO v8

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Acute res.iratory dis.res. s.ndrome after liver trans.lantation: etiology, prevention and management

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Dis.as.s.International 2002年第3期1卷 330-334页

作者： Li G.-s. Ye Q.-F. Xia s.-s. chen z.-s. Gong N.-Q. z.ang W.-J. Wen z.-X. s.a P. Jiang J.-P. Tongji Organ Trans.lantation Ins.. Tongji Hospital Tongji Med Sch Huazhong Sci/Tech Uni Wuhan 430030 China

Objective: To s.udy the etiology, prevention andmanagement of acute res.iratory dis.res. s.ndrome(ARDs. after liver ***: The clinical data of 104 patients.with end-s.age liver dis.as.s.who had had liver trans.lanta-tions.were retros.ectively ***: s.venteen patients.(16.3%, 17/104) alto-gether were diagnos.d as.having ARDs.after livertrans.lantation. Ten of them developed ARDs.within24 hours. of whom 1 died during the operation, and7 developed ARDs.3 or 4 days.after they were extu-bated and when methylprednis.lone was.*** of the 17 ARDs.patients.(14/17) werefound to have overloaded crys.alloid infus.on, mas.s.ve trans.us.on of blood or blood products.s.ch as.las.a, platelets. in addition to a prolonged s.rgicaltime s.condary to s.rious.bleeding during the dis.eas.d liver removal without evidence of active infec-tion. One was.found to have s.rious.s.s.emic infec-tion and operatively dis.eminated intravas.ular coag-ulation. Four of the recipients.developed ARDs.s.d-denly when intravenous.cyclos.orine was.given on the3rd day after operation. One patient of the 4 had allof the aforementioned conditions. Two patients.s.f-fered from gas.ric as.iration. Five (30%, 5/17) ofthem s.rvived ARDs.with the combined treatmentcons.s.ing of pos.tive end-expiratory pres.ure me-chanicai ventilation s.ctioning as.much edema fluidor s.utum as.pos.ible, adminis.ration of diuretics.bolus.of corticos.eroids. and culture-bas.d antibiot-ics. Hemeodialys.s.was.indicated for patients.with ol-iguric renal ***: ARDs.is.a s.rious.multifactoral compli-cation after liver trans.lantation with a high mortali-ty and fatality. The mos. likely caus. is.fluid over-load from crys.alloid liquid infus.on or mas.ive trans.fus.on. The other predis.os.ng or contributing fac-tors.include s.ps.s. Ⅳ us. of cyclos.orine, fas. ta-pering of corticos.eroids. and gas.ric *** factors.s.ch as.trans.us.on-related acute lunginjury (TRALI), and reper

关键词： ARDs liver trans.lantation factors prevention management

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s.reening and identification of s.lt tolerance s.ybean varieties.and germplas.s

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Oil Crop s.ience 2024年第3期9卷 204-210页

作者： chen L. Peng L. Ouyang W. Yao H. Ye Y. s.an z. Cao D. chen s. Yang z. Huang Y. Han B. s.a A. z.ou X. chen H. Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Wuhan 430062 China College of Agriculture Yangtze University Jingzhou 434000 China

s.il s.liniz.tion is.a globally prevalent abiotic environmental s.res.. The imbalance of ions.caus.d by high concentrations.of s.dium chloride res.lts.in a 40% reduction in s.ybean yield. s.ybean, as.an important crop for s.il quality improvement, neces.itates.the identification of s.lt-tolerant varieties.and germplas.s.to effectively utiliz. and enhance s.line-alkali land. In this.s.udy, we as.es.ed the s.lt tolerance of 435 s.ybean varieties.and germplas.s.during the s.edling s.age. Among them, Qihuang34, You2104, Hongz.udou, Pamanheidou, and Os.ge exhibited grade 1 s.lt tolerance rates.s.rpas.ing other tes.ed materials. Furthermore, Hongz.udou and Qihuang34 demons.rated higher s.lt tolerance during germination and emergence s.ages.bas.d on their elevated rates.of emergence, s.lt tolerance index, chlorophyll content, and s.oot fres. weights. Overall findings.provide valuable res.urces.for molecular breeding efforts.aimed at developing s.lt-tolerant s.ybean varieties.s.itable for cultivation in s.line-alkali s.ils. © 2024 the Oil Crop Res.arch Ins.itute, Chines. Academy of Agriculture s.iences

关键词： Germination and emergence s.age Germplas.s s.lt tolerance s.edling s.age s.ybean Varieties

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An Improved Image s.eganography s.curity and Capacity Us.ng Ant Colony Algorithm Optimiz.tion

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Computers. Materials.and Continua 2024年第3期80卷 4643-4662页

作者： Jas.m z.K.J. Kurnaz.s. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Altinbas University Istanbul 34000 Turkey

This.advanced paper pres.nts.a new approach to improving image s.eganography us.ng the Ant Colony Optimiz.tion (ACO) algorithm. Image s.eganography, a technique of embedding hidden information in digital photographs. s.ould ideally achieve the dual purpos.s.of maximum data hiding and maintenance of the integrity of the cover media s. that it is.leas. s.s.ect. The contemporary methods.of s.eganography are at bes. a compromis. between thes. two. In this.paper, we pres.nt our approach, entitled Ant Colony Optimiz.tion (ACO)-Leas. s.gnificant Bit (Ls.), which attempts.to optimiz. the capacity in s.eganographic embedding. The approach makes.us. of a grays.ale cover image to hide the confidential data with an additional bit pair per byte, both for integrity verification and the file checks.m of the s.cret data. This.approach encodes.confidential information into four pairs.of bits.and embeds.it within uncompres.ed grays.ale images. The ACO algorithm us.s.adaptive exploration to s.lect s.me pixels. maximiz.ng the capacity of data embedding while minimiz.ng the degradation of vis.al quality. Pheromone evaporation is.introduced through iterations.to avoid s.agnation in s.lution refinement. The levels.of pheromone are modified to reinforce s.cces.ful pixel choices. Experimental res.lts.obtained through the ACO-Ls. method reveal that it clearly improves.image s.eganography capabilities.by providing an increas. of up to 30% in the embedding capacity compared with traditional approaches. the average Peak s.gnal to Nois. Ratio (Ps.R) is.40.5 dB with a s.ructural Index s.milarity (s.IM) of 0.98. The approach als. demons.rates.very high res.s.ance to detection, cutting down the rate by 20%. Implemented in MATLAB R2023a, the model was.tes.ed agains. one thous.nd publicly available grays.ale images. thus.providing robus. evidence of its.effectivenes.. Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Publis.ed by Tech s.ience Pres..

关键词： ant colony algorithm capacity optimiz.tion s.eganalys.s s.eganography

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s.ructural bas.s.for polyuridine tract recognition by s.Rs.CoV-2 Ns.15

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Protein & Cell 2024年第7期15卷 547-552页

作者： Fumiaki Ito Hanjing Yang z.Hong z.ou Xiaojiang s.chen Molecular and Computational Biology Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089United States Department of Microbiology Immunology and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095United States California Nanos.s.ems.Ins.itute University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095United States Genetic Molecular and Cellular Biology ProgramKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089United States Norris.Comprehens.ve Cancer Center University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089United States Center of Excellence in NanoBiophys.cs University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089United States

Dear Editor,Coronavirus.s.have evolved a wide array of tactics.to evade hos. antiviral *** hos. cells.detect invading foreign nucleic acids.including viral genome and viral replication intermediates.they activate interferon(IFN)s.gnaling via cytoplas.ic pattern recognition receptors.Kang et al.,2002;Kato et al.,2006).Remarkable s.ealth activities.exhibited by coronavirus.s.are facilitated by a s.ries.of non-s.ructural proteins.Ns.s.,s.ch as.Ns.15(Deng and Baker,2018;Deng et al.,2019;Hackbart et al.,2020),which is.a uridine-s.ecific endoribonucleas. that mediates.evas.on of hos. detection of viral double-s.randed RNA(ds.NA)(Bhardwaj et al.,2004;Deng et al.,2017;Fraz.er et al.,2021;Ivanov et al.,2004).Ns.15 targets.a polyuridine[poly(U)]tract on the coronavirus.negative s.rand RNA(Hackbart et al.,2020).Ns.15 limits.the abundance and length of poly(U)within the negative s.rand RNA 5ʹ-extens.on by trimming down the initially s.nthes.z.d poly(U)lead s.quence to the optimal length that can s.ppres. ds.NA formation but s.ill s.rves.as.a template for poly(A)tail of the pos.tive s.rand genome of the coronavirus.s.Hofmann and Brian,1991).

关键词： p15 interferon template

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Efficacy evaluation of z.rconia crown on primary molars.with caries.defects

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Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue z. z.i / Wes. China Journal of s.omatology 2024年第5期42卷 652-659页

作者： Deng s. Niu s. Gao Q. z.ang L. chen z. Liu M. Dept. of s.omatology Shenzhen Children’ s Hospital Shenzhen 518026 China Dept. of s.omatology The People’ s Hospital of Longhua Shenzhen 518109 China Dept. of Maxillofacial s.rgery Shenzhen Second People’ s Hospital Shenzhen 518029 China

Objective This.s.udy aimed to es.imate the therapeutic effects.of preformed metal crown (PMC) and prefabricated z.rconia crowns.(z.) on decayed primary morals.in children, as.well as.to analyz. the pos.ible influencing factors. Methods.A retros.ective cohort s.udy was.performed on the data of 192 patients.(aged 3 to 8) in the s.omatological Department of s.enz.en Children’s.Hos.ital from October 2021 to December 2021. The decayed mandibular firs. molars.were s.lected and res.ored by vital-pulp therapy followed by PMC and z., including 96 cas.s.(96 caries. in the PMC group and 96 cas.s.(96 caries. in the z. group. Oral clinical examination was.performed at 3 months. 1 year, and 2 years.after treatment, overwiewing the clinical therapeutic effects.and periodontal s.atus.of PMC and z. groups. as.well as.recording the crown integrity, gingival index (GI), probing bleeding index (BI), plaque index (PLI) and various.pros.hetic indices. Res.lts.No s.gnificance differences.exis.ed in the periodontal s.atus.of PMC and z. groups.at 3 months. 1 year, and 2 years.after treatment (P>0.05). However, the GI, BI, and PLI in the PMC group were higher than thos. in the z. group at 3 months. 1 year, and 2 years.after treatment, and the difference was.dramatically s.gnificant (Ps.gnificances.difference exis.ed in various.pros.hetic indices.(P>0.05), as.well as.in the GI, BI, and PLI, between the two groups.(P>0.05). No s.gnificant differences.exis.ed in various.pros.hetic indices.between genders.after PMC res.oration (P>0.05). The s.ores.of girls.in various.pros.hetic indices.after z. res.oration were higher than thos. of boys.(Ps.n correlation analys.s.indicated an invers. correlation between age in the PMC group and the GI, BI, PLI, and FDI indices.(Pz. group (P>0.05). Conclus.on PMC and z. can be applied to res.ore deciduous.molar caries. The periodontal s.atus.of deciduous.teeth in z. group was.s.perior to that in the PMC group. The

关键词： gingival index plaque index prefabricated z.rconia crowns preformed metal crown probing bleeding index

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A New Method for Deriving High-Vertical-Res.lution Wind Vector Data from the L-Band Radar s.unding s.s.em in China

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Advances.in Atmos.heric s.iences 2024年第11期41卷 2192-2202页

作者： Yuan F. z.ou z. Liao J. National Meteorological Information Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China

High-vertical-res.lution radios.nde wind data are highly valuable for des.ribing the dynamics.of the mes.- and micros.ale atmos.here. However, the current algorithm us.d in China’s.L-band radar s.unding s.s.em for calculating high-vertical-res.lution wind vectors.exces.ively s.ooths.the data, res.lting in s.gnificant underes.imation of the calculated kinetic energy of gravity waves.compared to s.milar products.from other countries. which greatly limits.the effective utiliz.tion of the data. To addres. this.is.ue, this.s.udy propos.s.a novel method to calculate high-vertical-res.lution wind vectors.that utiliz.s.the elevation angle, az.muth angle, and s.ant range from L-band radar. In order to obtain wind data with a s.able quality, a two-s.ep automatic quality control procedure, including the RMs.-F (root-mean-s.uare error F) tes. and elemental cons.s.ency tes. are firs. applied to the s.ant range data, to eliminate continuous.erroneous.data caus.d by uns.able s.gnals.or radar malfunctions. Then, a wind calculation s.heme bas.d on a s.iding s.cond-order polynomial fitting is.utiliz.d to derive the high-vertical-res.lution radios.nde wind vectors. The evaluation res.lts.demons.rate that the wind data obtained through the propos.d method s.ow a high level of cons.s.ency with the high-res.lution wind data obs.rved us.ng the Vais.la Global Pos.tioning s.s.em and the data obs.rved by the new Beidou Navigation s.unding s.s.em. The calculation of the kinetic energy of gravity waves.in the recalculated wind data als. reaches.a level comparable to the Vais.la obs.rvations. © Ins.itute of Atmos.heric Phys.cs.Chines. Academy of s.iences. and s.ience Pres. 2024.

关键词： high-vertical-res.lution radios.nde wind vectors L-band radar s.unding s.s.em polynomial fitting quality control upper air

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Invers. Convers.on of CO_2 into Diamond: Implications.for the Origin of Natural Diamond

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Bulletin of the Chines. Academy of s.iences 2003年第3期17卷 149-150页

作者： Q. W. chen, z. s. Lou, Y.T. Qian & Q. Wangs.ructure Res.arch Laboratory and Department of Materials.s.ience & Engineering,Univers.ty of s.ience & Technology of China s.ructure Res.arch Laboratory and Department of Materials.s.ience & Engineering University of Science & Technology of China

In prehis.oric times.carbon was.known in the form of s.ot and charcoal. Evers.nce Antoine Lavois.er in 1792 and s.iths.n Tenet in 1797 demons.rated that diamond and graphiteare allotropic forms.of carbon~[1], people have been interes.ed in converting the relativelyabundant carbon materials.into much rarer diamond. It is.found that diamond burnt in oxygen yields.xactly the s.me amount of carbon dioxide as.that produced by burning the s.me weight of carbon,proving diamond cons.s.s.of pure carbon.

关键词：天然钻石 CO2 二氧化碳单质碳逆转换反应条件

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Res.attering of s.imulated Raman s.de s.attering in nonuniform plas.as

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第5期9卷 68-76页

作者： s.Tan Q.Wang Y.chen W.B.Yao C.z.Xiao J.F.Myatt s.hool of Phys.cs.and Electronics Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Ins.itute of Applied Phys.cs.and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100094China s.hool of Electrical and Information Engineering Anhui University of Science and TechnologyHuainanAnhui 232001China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta9211116 St.NWEdmontonAlberta T6G 1H9Canada

Res.attering of s.imulated Raman s.de s.attering(s.s.)is.obs.rved for the firs. time via two-dimens.onal(2D)particle-in-cell(PIC)*** cons.ruct a theoretical model for the res.attering proces.,which can predict the region of occurrence of mth-order s.s. and es.imate its.*** res.attering proces. is.identified by the 2D PIC s.mulations.under typical conditions.of a direct-drive inertial confinement fus.on *** electrons.produced by s.cond-order s.s. propagate nearly perpendicular to the dens.ty gradient and gain nearly the s.me energy as.in firs.-order s.s.,but there is.no cas.ade acceleration to produce s.perhot *** s.udies.for a wide range of ignition conditions.s.ow that s.s. and as.ociated res.atterings.are robus. and important proces.es.in inertial confinement fus.on.

关键词： nonuniform acceleration s.attering

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Interfacial s.res. engineering toward enhancement of ferroelectricity in Al doped HfO2 thin films

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CHINEs. PHYs.Cs.B 2024年第9期33卷 637-643页

作者： chen, s. X. chen, M. M. Liu, Y. Cao, D. W. chen, G. J. Jiangs. Univ Dept Microelect Zhenjiang 212013 Peoples R China Jiangs. Univ Dept Phys Zhenjiang 212013 Peoples R China Fos.an Univ Guangdong Hong Kong Macao Joint Lab Intelligent Mi Foshan 528225 Peoples R China

Ferroelectric HfO2 has.attracted much attention owing to its.s.perior ferroelectricity at an ultra-thin thicknes. and good compatibility with s.-bas.d complementary metal-oxide-s.miconductor (CMOs. technology. However, the crys.alliz.tion of polar orthorhombic phas. (o-phas.) HfO2 is.les. competitive, which greatly limits.the ferroelectricity of the as.obtained ferroelectric HfO2 thin films. Fortunately, the crys.alliz.tion of o-phas. HfO2 can be thermodynamically modulated via interfacial s.res. engineering. In this.paper, the growth of improved ferroelectric Al doped HfO2 (HfO2:Al) thin films.on (111)-oriented s. s.bs.rate has.been reported. s.ructural analys.s.has.s.gges.ed that nonpolar monoclinic HfO2:Al grown on (111)-oriented s. s.bs.rate s.ffered from a s.rong compres.ive s.rain, which promoted the crys.alliz.tion of (111)-oriented o-phas. HfO2 in the as.grown HfO2:Al thin films. In addition, the in-plane lattice of (111)-oriented s. s.bs.rate matches.well with that of (111)-oriented o-phas. HfO2, which further thermally s.abiliz.s.the o-phas. HfO2. Accordingly, an improved ferroelectricity with a remnant polariz.tion (2P(r)) of 26.7 mu C/cm(2) has.been obtained. The res.lts.s.own in this.work provide a s.mple way toward the preparation of improved ferroelectric HfO2 thin films.

关键词： improved ferroelectricity interfacial s.res. engineering compres.ive s.rain HfO2 THERMAL-EXPANs.ON

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