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Isotopic compositions of small shelly fossil Anabarites from Lower Cambrian in yangtze Platform of South china: Implications for palaeocean temperature

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第10期17卷 1185-1191页

作者： chen yongquan1,2, jiang shaoyong1, ling hongfei1, yang jinghong1 and wan defan3.1. state key laboatory for mineral deposits research and center for marine geochemistry research, department of earth sciences, nanjing university, nanjing 210093. china 2. Tarim Oilfield Company Exploration & Development research Institute, Ku’erle 841000, china 3. Institute of mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological sciences, Beijing 100037, china) state key Laboratory for mineral deposits research Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Exploration and Development research Institute Tarim Oilfield Company Ku'erle 841000 China Institute of mineral Resources Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China

Anabarites belong to small shelly fossils (SSF), which occur widely in the Lower Cambrian strata of yangtze Platform in South china. They are phosphate shell in composition and represent the earliest stage of the Cambrian bioradiation of Bilateria, the so-called "Cambrian Explosion". In this study, we attempted to separate Anabarites fossils from Lower Cambrian dolostones, and we obtained samples of both the fossils (SSF) and the granular phosphates (GP). Isotopic analyses were performed on samples of SSF, GP, and matrix dolostone (DH-23). The results showed that the δ30Si values of the quartz filling in fossils celoms, and the siliceous materials in granular phosphates are -0.6‰ and -0.7‰, which is different from normal sedimentary siliceous rocks from the Lower Cambrian strata (0—0.7‰) as reported by Li et al., but is consistent with the data for siliceous rocks and cherts of submarine hydrothermal origin. It is likely that a later hydrothermal replacement could have taken place in the SSF-bearing sedimentary rocks. The oxygen isotope values of the phosphate of SSF and GP are 16.8‰ and 17.0‰, respectively. These are significantly higher than the Neoproterozoic phosphate ores (10.9‰—13.9‰) as reported by ling et al., hence, late diagenesis and hydrothermal replacement may not have caused a significant change in the oxygen isotope compositions of the small shelly fossils, and the calculated temperatures (25.4—26.3℃) for palaeo-seawater using a SSF phosphate oxygen isotope thermometer are therefore considered here as the upper limit of seawater temperature in the Early Cambrian ocean of the yangtze Platform.

关键词： Anabarites oxygen isotope silicon isotope paleo-temperature.

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