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The Combination of Achnatherum inebrians Extracts and Soil Microorganisms Inhibited Seed Germination and Seedling Growth in Elymus nutans

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第3期93卷 567-580页

作者： Rui Zhang Taixiang chen Zhenjiang chen Hao chen Xuekai Wei Malik Kamran Chunjie Li State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems Key Laboratory of Animal Husbandry InnovationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsEngineering Research Center of Grassland AgricultureMinistry of EducationWest Gansu Province Prataculture Technology Innovation CenterCollege of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730020China Center for Grassland Research National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationCaFBeijing100091China

In a greenhouse experiment,the effects of soil microorganisms and extracts of Achnatherum inebrians on the seed germination and seedling growth of Elymus nutans were *** results showed that both the extracts from aboveground and belowground parts of *** signiﬁcantly inhibited the germination rate,germination potential,germination index,vigor index,seedling height,root length,and fresh weight of ***,but increased malondialdehyde content,catalase,peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity of *** seedlings(p<0.05).The allelopathy of aqueous extracts of the aboveground parts of *** was stronger than that of the *** extracts of the aboveground parts of *** decreased seed germination rate,germination potential,germination index,vigor index,seedling length,root length,and seedling fresh weight by 10.45%-74.63%,24.18%-32.50%,19.03%-73.36%,37.83%-88.41%,21.42%-53.14%,2.65%-40.21%,and 20.45%-61.36%,respectively,and malondialdehyde content,peroxidase,catalase,and superoxide dismutase activity increased by 8.09%-62.24%,27.83%-86.47%,22.90%-93.17%,and 11.15%-75.91%,*** above indexes were higher in live soil than in sterilized *** microorganisms increased the allelopathy of *** seed germination rate,germination potential,germination index,vigor index,seedling length,and seedling fresh weight of *** planted in live soil decreased by 8.22%-48.48%,10.00%-51.85%,8.19%-53.26%,16.43%-60.03%,12.91%-28.81%,and 9.09%-22.86%compared with sterilized soil,*** content,peroxidase,catalase,and superoxide dismutase activity of *** planted in live soil increased by 53.91%-81.06%,15.71%-57.34%,33.33%-86.31%,and 9.78%-52.51%compared with sterilized soil,*** existence of soil microorganisms enhanced the allelopathy of the secondary metabolites of ***.A combination of microorganisms and aqueous extracts from the aboveground parts of *** had the s

关键词： Achnatherum inebrians water immersion liquid aqueous leachate precipitate allelopathy Elymus nutans soil microorganisms

Molecular evolution of Toll-like receptors in rodents

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 371-386页

作者： Qianqian SU Yi chen Hongxuan HE college.of forestry Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangshaChina National Research Center for Wildlife-Borne Diseases Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

Toll-like receptors(TLRs),the key sensor molecules in vertebrates,trigger the innate immunity and prime the adaptive immune *** TLR family of rodents,the largest order of mammals,typically contains 13 TLR ***,a clear picture of the evolution of the rodent TLR family has not yet emerged and the TLR evolutionary patterns are unclear in rodent ***,we analyzed the natural variation and the evolutionary processes acting on the TLR family in rodents at both the interspecific and population *** results showed that rodent TLRs were dominated by purifying selection,but a series of positively selected sites(PSSs)primarily located in the ligand-binding domain was also *** numbers of PSSs differed among TLRs,and nonviralsensing TLRs had more PSSs than those in viral-sensing ***-conversion events were found between TLR1 and TLR6 in most rodent *** genetic analyses showed that TLR2,TLR8,and TLR12 were under positive selection in Rattus norvegicus and ***,whereas positive selection also acted on TLR5 and TLR9 in the former species,as well as TLR1 and TLR7 in the latter ***,we found that the proportion of polymorphisms with potentially functional change was much lower in viral-sensing TLRs than in nonviral-sensing TLRs in both of these rat *** findings revealed the first thorough insight into the evolution of the rodent TLR genetic variability and provided important novel insights into the evolutionary history of TLRs over long and short timescales.

关键词： adaptive evolution gene conversion positive selection rodents Toll-like receptors

Geographical patterns and determinants of insect biodiversity in China

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1255-1265页

作者： Huizhong Fan Tongyi Liu Youhua chen Ziyan Liao Jun chen Yibo Hu Gexia Qiao Fuwen Wei CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization&China-Croatia“Belt and Road”Joint Laboratory on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Chengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology College of ForestryJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China university of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Insects play important roles in the maintenance of ecosystem functioning and the provision of livelihoods for millions of ***,compared with terrestrial vertebrates and angiosperms,such as the giant panda,crested ibis,and the metasequoia,insect conservation has not attracted enough attention,and a basic understanding of the geographical biodiversity patterns for major components of insects in China is ***,we investigated the geographical distribution of insect biodiversity across multiple dimensions(taxonomic,genetic,and phylogenetic diversity)based on the spatial distribution and molecular DNA sequencing data of *** analysis included 18 orders,360 families,5,275 genera,and 14,115 species of *** results revealed that Southwestern and Southeastern China harbored higher insect biodiversity and numerous older lineages,representing a museum,whereas regions located in Northwestern China harbored lower insect biodiversity and younger lineages,serving as an evolutionary *** also observed that mean annual temperature and precipitation had significantly positive effects,whereas altitude had significantly negative effects on insect biodiversity in most ***,cultivated vegetation harbored the highest insect taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity,and needleleaf and broadleaf mixed forests harbored the highest insect genetic *** results indicated that human activities may positively contribute to insect spatial diversity on a regional *** study fills a knowledge gap in insect spatial diversity in *** findings could help guide national-level conservation plans and the post-2020 biodiversity conservation framework.

关键词： insect spatial patterns multiple dimensions driving factors vegetation types

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The biosynthesis of alarm pheromone in the wheat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi is regulated by hormones via fatty acid metabolism

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第7期23卷 2346-2361页

作者： chengxian Sun Yaoguo Qin Julian chen Zhengxi Li Department of Entomology/Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Environment-friendly Control of Crop Pests College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China

Aphids are major insect pests in agriculture and forestry *** attacks by natural enemies,many aphids release an alarm pheromone to protect their *** most aphids,the main component of the aphid alarm pheromone(AAP)is the sesquiterpene hydrocarbon(E)-β-farnesene(EβF).However,the mechanisms behind its biosynthesis and regulation remain poorly *** this study,we used the bird cherry–oat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi,which is an important wheat aphid,to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of EβF *** results showed that EβF biosynthesis occurs during the mature embryo period and the molting period of the 1st-and 2nd-instar *** provide the prerequisite material for EβF production and *** on transcriptome sequencing,RNAi analysis,hormone treatments,and quantitative measurements,we found that the biosynthesis of EβF utilizes acetyl coenzyme A produced from fatty acid degradation,which can be suppressed by juvenile hormone but it is promoted by 20-hydroxyecdysone through the modulation of fatty acid *** is the first systemic study on the modulation of EβF production in *** results of our study provide insights into the molecular regulatory mechanisms of AAP biosynthesis,as well as valuable information for designing potential aphid control strategies.

关键词： (E)-β-farnesene critical period for biosynthesis fatty acid metabolism juvenile hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone

Two New Species of the Genus Baculum from China (Phasmida:Phasmatidae)

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北京林业大学学报 1993年第S3期 41-44页

作者： chen Shuchun Forest resources college.beijing forestry university Wang Hongjian Administration of Baishuijiang Natural Reserve,Wen County,Gansu

This paper deals with two new species of the genus Baculum Saussure collected from GansProvince, China. The two new species are fully described , illustrated and compared with related species othe genus Baculum.

关键词： Phasmida Phasmatidae Baculum new species.

Hollow Metal-Organic Framework/MXene/Nanocellulose Composite Films for Giga/Terahertz Electromagnetic Shielding and Photothermal Conversion

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第9期16卷 161-179页

作者： Tian Mai Lei chen Pei‑Lin Wang Qi Liu Ming‑Guo Ma Research Center of Biomass Clean Utilization MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and BioenergyBeijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic ChemistryCollege of Materials Science and TechnologyBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China State Silica-Based Materials Laboratory of Anhui Province Bengbu 233000People’s Republic of China

With the continuous advancement of communication technology,the escalating demand for electromagnetic shielding interference(EMI)materials with multifunctional and wideband EMI performance has become *** the electrical and magnetic components and designing the EMI material structure have attracted extensive interest,but remain a huge ***,we reported the alternating electromagnetic structure composite films composed of hollow metal-organic frameworks/layered MXene/nanocellulose(HMN)by alternating vacuum-assisted filtration *** HMN composite films exhibit excellent EMI shielding effectiveness performance in the GHz frequency(66.8 dB at Kaband)and THz frequency(114.6 dB at 0.1-4.0 THz).Besides,the HMN composite films also exhibit a high reflection loss of 39.7 dB at 0.7 THz with an effective absorption bandwidth up to 2.1 ***,HMN composite films show remarkable photothermal conversion performance,which can reach 104.6℃under 2.0 Sun and 235.4℃under 0.8 W cm^(−2),*** unique micro-and macrostructural design structures will absorb more incident electromagnetic waves via interfacial polarization/multiple scattering and produce more heat energy via the local surface plasmon resonance *** features make the HMN composite film a promising candidate for advanced EMI devices for future 6G communication and the protection of electronic equipment in cold environments.

关键词： Metal-organic frameworks MXene Nanocellulose Electromagnetic shielding Photothermal conversion

The unimodal latitudinal pattern of K,Ca and Mg concentration and its potential drivers in forest foliage in eastern China

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 318-328页

作者： Zhijuan Shi Sining Liu Yahan chen Dongdong Ding Wenxuan Han Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions Ministry of EducationCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province&National forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River College of ForestrySichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu611130China Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China

Potassium(K),calcium(Ca),and magnesium(Mg)are essential elements with important physiological functions in *** studies showed that leaf K,Ca,and Mg concentrations generally increase with increasing ***,recent meta-analyses suggested the possibility of a unimodal pattern in the concentrations of these elements along latitudinal *** authenticity of this unimodal latitudinal pattern,however,requires validation through large-scale field experimental data,and exploration of the underlying mechanisms if the pattern is ***,we collected leaves of common species of woody plants from 19 montane forests in the north-south transect of eastern China,including 322 species from 160 genera,67 families;and then determined leaf K,Ca,and Mg concentrations to explore their latitudinal patterns and driving *** results support unimodal latitudinal patterns for all three elements in woody plants across eastern China,with peak values at latitude 36.5±1.0°*** shift of plant-functional-type compositions from evergreen broadleaves to deciduous broadleaves and to conifers along this latitudinal span was the key factor contributing to these *** factors,mainly temperature,and to a lesser extent solar radiation and precipitation,were the main environmental *** factors,by altering the composition of plant communities and regulating plant physiological activities,influence the latitudinal patterns of plant nutrient *** findings also suggest that high leaf K,Ca,and Mg concentrations may represent an adaptive strategy for plants to withstand water stress,which might be used to predict plant nutrient responses to climate changes at large scales,and broaden the understanding of biogeochemical cycling of K,Ca,and Mg.

关键词： Potassium Calcium Magnesium Mid-latitudes Latitudinal pattern Plant functional type Water stress Woody plant

Impact crater recognition methods:A review

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 1719-1742页

作者： Dong chen Fan HU Liqiang ZHANG Yunzhao WU Jianli DU Jiju PEETHAMBARAN college.of Civil Engineering Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Department of Geography State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing ScienceFaculty of Geographical ScienceBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China Key Laboratory of Space Object and Debris Observation Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210023China Department of Mathematics and Computing Science Saint Mary’s UniversityHalifaxNS B3H 3C3Canada

Impact craters are formed due to the high-speed collisions between small to medium-sized celestial *** is the most significant driving force in the evolution of celestial bodies,and the impact craters provide crucial insights into the formation,evolution,and impact history of celestial *** this paper,we present a detailed review of the characteristics of impact craters,impact crater remote sensing data,recognition algorithms,and applications related to impact *** first provide a detailed description of the geometric texture,illumination,and morphology characteristics observed in remote sensing data of *** we summarize the remote sensing data and cataloging databases for the four terrestrial planets(i.e.,the Moon,Mars,Mercury,and Venus),as well as the impact craters on ***,we study the advancement achieved in the traditional methods,machine learning methods,and deep learning methods applied to the classification,segmentation,and recognition of impact ***,based on the analysis results,we discuss the existing challenges in impact crater recognition and suggest some ***,we explore the implementation of impact crater detection algorithms and provide a forward-looking perspective.

关键词： Terrestrial planets Deep space exploration Impact crater Impact crater recognition Deep learning

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Insights into the mechanism of L-malic acid on drip loss of chicken meat under commercial conditions

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1312-1324页

作者： Haijun Sun Xue Yan Lu Wang Ruimin Zhu Meixia chen Jingdong Yin Xin Zhang State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China New Hope Liuhe Co. Ltd./Key Laboratory of Feed and Livestock and Poultry Products Quality&Safety ControlMinistry of AgricultureChengduSichuan 610023China Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China

Background A deterioration in the meat quality of broilers has attracted much more attention in recent years.L-malic acid(MA)is evidenced to decrease meat drip loss in broilers,but the underlying molecular mechanisms are still ***’s also not sure whether the outputs obtained under experimental conditions can be obtained in a com-mercial ***,we investigated the effects and mechanisms of dietary MA supplementation on chicken meat drip loss at large-scale *** Results showed that the growth performance and drip loss were improved by MA *** metabolome revealed that L-2-aminoadipic acid,β-aminoisobutyric acid,eicosapentaenoic acid,and nicotinamide,as well as amino acid metabolism pathways connected to the improvements of meat quality by MA *** transcriptome analysis further indicated that the effect of MA on drip loss was also related to the proper immune response,evidenced by the enhanced B cell receptor signaling pathway,NF-κB signaling pathway,TNF signaling pathway,and IL-17 signaling *** We provided evidence that MA decreased chicken meat drip loss under commercial *** and transcriptome revealed a comprehensive understanding of the underlying ***,MA could be used as a promising dietary supplement for enhancing the water-holding capacity of chicken meat.

关键词： Drip loss Immune response L-malic acid Meat quality Metabolome Transcriptome