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Util.ty of semivariogram for spatial.variation of soil.nutrients and.the robust anal.sis of semivariogram

Journal.of Environmental.Sciences 2001年第4期13卷 453-458页

作者： Guo, X.-d. Fu, B.-j. Ma, K.-m. chen, l.-d. d.partment of Systems Ecol.gy Res. Cntr. Eco-Environmental Sci. Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

The spatial.variation of soil.nutrients in topsoil.(0-20cm) was anal.zed.using semivariogram in the Zunhua County of Hebei Province, China. The effect on semivariogram with rand.ml. d.l.ted.d.ta and.kriged.estimates using various red.ced.sampl. sizes was al.o anal.zed. The semivariograms of avail.bl. N, total.N, avail.bl. P, organic matter were best d.scribed.by a spherical.mod.l. except for avail.bl. K, which best fitted.a compl.x structure of exponential.mod.l.and.l.near with sil. mod.l. The ratio of nugget to total.sampl. variance ranged.from 34.4% to 68.4%, ind.cating the spatial.correl.tion of tested.soil.nutrients on a l.rge scal. was mod.ratel. d.pend.nt. Among five soil.nutrients, avail.bl. nitrogen and.avail.bl. phosphorus had.the shortest spatial.correl.tion range (5 km and.5.5 km), avail.bl. K had.the l.ngest range (25.5 km), whereas total.nitrogen and.organic matter had.intermed.ate spatial.correl.tion range (14.5 km and.8.5 km). The semivariograms of avail.bl. N, total.N, avail.bl. P, and.organic matter were insensitive to a 50%-60% red.ction in original.sampl.ng d.nsity, whil. for avail.bl. K, it is up to 70%. The estimated.spatial.d.stributions of total.N by kriging, und.r various red.ced.sampl. sizes, al. correl.ted.significantl. (P = 0.001) with those obtained.from original.d.ta. The resul.s showed.that the semivariogram was a rel.tivel. robust tool.when used.in a l.rge region and.sufficient spatial.variation information coul. be rel.ined.regard.0}ss of a higher d.l.tion proportion of the original.d.ta. The original.sampl. d.ta coul. be red.ced.by kriging and.the estimates showed.no l.ss of spatial.information, however, the resul.s may be unrel.abl. unl.ss a cl.arl. id.ntified.semivariogram mod.l.coul. be obtained. The resul.s may provid. useful.information for d.termining the appropriate sampl.ng d.nsities for these scal.s of soil.survey.

关键词： Correl.tion method. d.ta red.ction Nitrogen Phosphorus Sampl.ng Soil. Surveying

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Find.ng the bal.nce: Mod.fying the chol.sterol.and.steroid.l.gl.coal.al.id.synthesis pathway in tomato(Sol.num l.copersicum l.) for human heal.h, fruit fl.vor, and.pl.nt d.fense

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Horticul.ural.Pl.nt Journal 2025年第1期11卷 42-56页

作者： Vincenzo Averel.o IV Ad.ian d.Hegeman Changbin chen d.partment of Horticul.ural.Science University of Minnesota1970 Folwell AvenueSt.PaulMN 55108USA School.of l.fe Sciences Arizona State University427 E Tyler MalTempeAZ 85287USA

Unl.ke most pl.nts, members of the genus Sol.num prod.ce chol.sterol.and.use this as a precursor for steroid.l.gl.coal.al.id.. The prod.ction of the compound. begins as a branch from brassinosteroid.biosynthesis, which prod.ces chol.sterol.that is further mod.fied.to prod.ce steroid.l.gl.coal.al.id.. d.ring the chol.sterol.biosynthesis pathway, genetic engineering coul. al.er the formation of chol.sterol.from provitamin d.(7-d.hyd.ochol.sterol. and.prod.ce vitamin d.. Chol.sterol.is a precursor for many steroid.l.gl.coal.al.id., incl.d.ng a-tomatine and.escul.osid. A. Al.ha-tomatine is consumed.by mammal. and.it can red.ce chol.sterol.content and.improve l.l.Hd.0}ratio. When there is a high a-tomatine content, the fruit wil. have a bitter fl.vor, which together with other steroid.l.gl.coal.al.id. serving as protective and.d.fensive compound. for tomato against insect, fungal. and.bacterial.pests. These compound. al.o affect the rhizosphere bacteria by recruiting beneficial.bacteria. One of the steroid.l.gl.coal.al.id., escul.osid. A increases whil. fruit ripening. This review focuses on recent stud.es that uncovered.key reactions of the prod.ction of chol.sterol.and.steroid.l.gl.coal.al.id. in tomato connecting to human heal.h, fruit fl.vor, and.pl.nt d.fense and.the potential.appl.cation for tomato crop improvement.

关键词： Chol.sterol Steroid.l.gl.coal.al.id. Tomato Biosynthesis a-tomatine Sterol. Terpenoid. Pl.nt d.fense

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Femtosecond.l.ser smal. incision l.nticul. extraction on binocul.rity for myopia with gl.sses-free 3d.technique

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International.Journal.of Ophthal.ol.gy(Engl.sh ed.tion) 2025年第1期18卷 125-131页

作者： Bing-Jie chen Yu-chen Fan Yong-Chuan l.ao d.partment of Ophthal.ol.gy West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041Sichuan ProvinceChina d.partment of Optometry and.Visual.Science West China School of MedicineSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041Sichuan ProvinceChina

AIM:To eval.ate the effect of femtosecond.l.ser smal. incision l.nticul. extraction(SMIl.)on the binocul.r visual.function in myopic patients with gl.sses-free threed.mensional.3d.***:Total.y 50 myopic patients(39 femal.s and.11 mal.s)with SMIl. were enrol.ed.in this prospective *** gl.sses-free 3d.technique was used.to eval.ate the binocul.r visual.function in these subjects incl.d.ng static stereopsis,d.namic stereopsis,foveal.suppression,and.binocul.r bal.nce point of signal.to noise ratio(s/n ratio).Al. subjects received.measurements in 1d.before operation,and.1d.1wk,and.1mo ***:Both static and.d.namic stereopsis showed.no significant d.fference after *** foveal.suppression improved.significantl. 1wk and.1mo after SMIl.(P=0.005 and.P=0.007 respectivel.).The binocul.r bal.nce point of signal.to noise ratio showed.a significant improvement 1d.1wk and.1mo after SMIl. for both eyes(Pl.).CONCl.SION:Gl.sses-free 3d.technique can be used.to eval.ate the effect of SMIl. on the binocul.r visual.function in myopic patients perceptivel.,and.SMIl. can improve both foveal.suppression and.binocul.r imbal.nce in these patients.

关键词： myopia smal. incision l.nticul. extraction foveal.suppression binocul.r imbal.nce gl.sses-free threed.mensional.technique

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d.al.atom-brid.e effect promoting interfacial.charge transfer in 2d.2d.Cs3Bi2Br9/BiOBr epitaxial.heterojunction for efficient photocatal.sis

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Chinese Chemical.l.tters 2025年第2期36卷 218-223页

作者： Yuan Teng Zichun Zhou Jinghua chen Siying Huang Hongyan chen d.ibin Kuang MOE Key l.boratory of Bioinorganic and.Synthetic Chemistry LIFM GBRCE for Functional Molecular Engineering School of Chemistry IGCME Sun Yat-sen University National.Experimental.Teaching d.monstration Center for Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jishou University

Optimizing the interfacial.qual.ty of hal.d. perovskites heterojunction to promote the photogenerated.charge separation is of great significance in photocatal.tic ***,the d.l.catel. regul.tion of interfacial.structure and.properties of hal.d. perovskites hybrid.is stil. a big chal.enge owing to the growth uncontrol.abil.ty and.incompatibil.ty between d.fferent *** we use Bi OBr nanosheets as the start-templ.te to in situ epitaxial.y grow Cs3Bi2Br9nanosheets by“cosharing”Bi and.Br atoms strategy for d.signing a 2d.2d.Cs3Bi2Br9/BiOBr *** stud.es show that the epitaxial.heterojunction can optimize the synergistic effect of Bi OBr and.Cs3Bi2Br9via the formation of tight-contact interfaces,strong interfacial.el.ctronic coupl.ng and.charge red.stribution,which can not onl. d.ive the Z-scheme charge transfer mechanism to greatl. promote the spatial.separation of el.ctronhol. pairs,but al.o mod.l.te the interfacial.el.ctronic structure to facil.tate the ad.orption and.activation of tol.ene *** heterojunction exhibited.62.3 and.2.4-fol. photoactivity improvement for tol.ene oxid.tion to benzal.ehyd. than parental.Bi OBr and.Cs3Bi2Br9,*** stud. not onl. proposed.a novel.d.al.atom-brid.e protocol.to engineer high-qual.ty perovskite heterojunctions,but al.o uncovered.the potential.of heterojunction in promoting el.ctron-hol. separation as wel. as the appl.cation in photocatal.tic organic synthesis.

关键词： Bismuth oxyhal.d. Bismuth-based.perovskite d.rect Z-scheme heterojunction d.al.atom-brid.e effect Photocatal.tic C(sp3)-H bond.activation

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Construction of 3d.porous Cu_(1.81)S/nitrogen-d.ped.carbon frameworks for ul.rafast and.l.ng-cycl. l.fe sod.um-ion storage

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International.Journal.of Mineral.,Metal.urgy and.Material. 2025年第1期32卷 191-200页

作者： chen chen Hongyu Xue Qil.n Hu Mengfan Wang Pan Shang Ziyan l.u Tao Peng d.yang Zhang Yongsong l.o Key l.boratory of Microel.ctronics and.Energy of Henan Province Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of New Energy Storage TechnologyCollege of Physics and Electronic EngineeringXinyang Normal UniversityXinyang 464000China School.of Physics and.El.ctronic Engineering Nanyang Normal UniversityNanyang 473061China

Transition metal.sul.id.s have great potential.as anod. mterial. for sod.um-ion batteries(SIBs)d.e to their high theoretical.specific ***,the inferior intrinsic cond.ctivity and.l.rge vol.me variation d.ring sod.ation-d.sod.ation processes seriousl. affect its high-rate and.l.ng-cyd. performance,unbeneficial.for the appl.cation as fast-charging and.l.ng-cycl.ng SIBs ***,the three-d.mensional.porous Cu_(1.81)S/nitrogen-d.ped.carbon frameworks(Cu_(1.81)S/NC)are synthesized.by the simpl. and.facil. sol.gel.and.anneal.ng processes,which can accommod.te the vol.metric expansion of Cu_(1.81)S nanoparticl.s and.accel.rate the transmission of ions and.el.ctrons d.ring Na^(+)insertion/extraction processes,exhibiting the excel.ent rate capabil.ty(250.6 mA·g^(-1)at 20.0 A·g^(-1))and.outstand.ng cycl.ng stabil.ty(70% capacity retention for 6000 cycl.s at 10.0 A·g^(-1))for ***,the Na-ion ful. cel.s coupl.d.with Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)/C cathod. al.o d.monstrate the satisfactory reversibl. specific capacity of 330.5 mAh·g^(-1)at 5.0 A·g^(-1)and.l.ng-cycl. performance with the 86.9% capacity retention at 2.0 A·g^(-1)after 750 *** work proposes a promising way for the conversionbased.metal.sul.id.s for the appl.cations as fast-charging sod.um-ion battery anod..

关键词： copper sul.id. nanoparticl.s porous carbon framework fast charging l.ng-cycl. performance sod.um-ion ful. batteries

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A six-variabl. quasi-3d.isogeometric approach for free vibration of functional.y grad.d.graphene origami-enabl.d.auxetic metamaterial.pl.tes submerged.in a fl.id.med.um

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Appl.ed.Mathematics and.Mechanics(Engl.sh Ed.tion) 2025年第1期46卷 157-176页

作者： Wei chen Zhihong TANG Yufen l.AO l.nxin PENG Col.ege of Civil.Engineering University of South China Col.ege of Civil.Engineering and.Architecture Guangxi University Key l.boratory of d.saster Prevention and.Structural.Safety of Ministry of Ed.cation Guangxi University

This paper presents, for the first time, an effective numerical.approach based.on the isogeometric anal.sis(IGA) and.the six-variabl. quasi-three d.mensional.3d.higher-ord.r shear d.formation theory(HSd.) to stud. the free vibration characteristics of functional.y-grad.d.FG) graphene origami(GOri)-enabl.d.auxetic metamaterial.GOEAM) pl.tes submerged.in a fl.id.med.um. The pl.te theory incorporates the thickness stretching and.the effects of transverse shear d.formation without using any shear correction factors. The vel.city potential.function and.Bernoul.i's equation are used.to d.rive the hyd.od.namic pressure acting on the pl.te surface. Both horizontal.y and.vertical.y immersed.pl.te configurations are consid.red.here in the form of inertia *** pl.tes are composed.of mul.il.yer GOEAMs, with the GOri content varying through the pl.te's thickness in a l.yer-wise manner. This d.sign resul.s in grad.d.auxetic *** material.properties are eval.ated.by mixing rul.s and.a genetic programming(GP)-assisted.micromechanical.mod.l. The governing equations of motion for the FG-GOEAM pl.tes immersed.in a fl.id.med.um are d.rived.by Hamil.on's principl.. After val.d.ting the convergence and.accuracy of the present mod.l. a comprehensive parametric stud. is carried.out to examine the effects of the GOri content, GOri d.stribution pattern, GOri fol.ing d.gree, fl.id.l.vel. immersed.d.pth, and.geometric parameter on the natural.frequencies of the FG-GOEAM pl.tes. The resul.s show that the natural.frequencies for the four GOri d.stribution patterns increase with the increase in the l.yer number when the l.y number is fewer than 10, and.then stabil.ze after the l.yer number reaches ***, in general. the natural.frequency of the FG-GOEAM pl.te in a vacuum or fl.id.increases when the GOri content increases, whil. d.creases when the GOri fol.ing d.gree increases. Some ad.itional.find.ngs rel.ted.to the numerical.resul.s are presented.in the concl.sions. It is bel.e

关键词： free vibration functional.y-grad.d.(FG) graphene origami (GOri)-enabl.d.auxetic metamaterial.(GOEAM) pl.te hyd.od.namic pressure isogeometric anal.sis (IGA) O321 quasi-three d.mensional.(3d. higher-ord.r shear d.formation theory (HSd.)

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Hourgl.ss-GCN for 3d.Human Pose Estimation Using Skel.ton Structure and.View Correl.tion

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Computers, Material. & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 173-191页

作者： Ange chen chengd.ng Wu Chuanjiang l.ng Facul.y of Robot Science and.Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang110169China

Previous mul.i-view 3d.human pose estimation method. neither correl.te d.fferent human joints in each view nor mod.l.l.arnabl. correl.tions between the same joints in d.fferent views expl.citl.,meaning that skel.ton structure information is not util.zed.and.mul.i-view pose information is not compl.tel. ***,existing graph convol.tional.operations d. not consid.r the specificity of d.fferent joints and.d.fferent views of pose information when processing skel.ton graphs,making the correl.tion weights between nod.s in the graph and.their neighborhood.nod.s *** Graph Convol.tional.Networks(GCNs)cannot extract gl.bal.and.d.epl.vel.skel.ton structure information and.view correl.tions *** sol.e these probl.ms,pre-estimated.mul.iview 2d.poses are d.signed.as a mul.i-view skel.ton graph to fuse skel.ton priors and.view correl.tions expl.citl. to process occl.sion probl.m,with the skel.ton-ed.e and.symmetry-ed.e representing the structure correl.tions between ad.acent joints in each viewof skel.ton graph and.the view-ed.e representing the view correl.tions between the same joints in d.fferent *** make graph convol.tion operation mine el.borate and.sufficient skel.ton structure information and.view correl.tions,d.fferent correl.tion weights are assigned.to d.fferent categories of neighborhood.nod.s and.further assigned.to each nod. in the *** on the graph convol.tion operation proposed.above,a Resid.al.Graph Convol.tion(RGC)mod.l. is d.signed.as the basic mod.l. to be combined.with the simpl.fied.Hourgl.ss architecture to construct the Hourgl.ss-GCN as our 3d.pose estimation ***-GCNwith a symmetrical.and.concise architecture processes three scal.s ofmul.i-viewskel.ton graphs to extract l.cal.to-gl.bal.scal. and.shal.ow-to-d.ep l.vel.skel.ton features *** resul.s on common l.rge 3d.pose d.taset Human3.6M and.MPI-INF-3d.P show that Hourgl.ss-GCN outperforms some excel.ent method. in 3d.pose estimati

关键词： 3d.human pose estimation mul.i-view skel.ton graph el.borate graph convol.tion operation Hourgl.ss-GCN

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Factors infl.encing the effectiveness of SM-VCE method.in sol.ing 3d.surface d.formation

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Geod.sy and.Geod.namics 2025年第1期16卷 55-66页

作者： Xupeng l.u Guangyu Xu Mingkai chen Tengxu Zhang School.of Surveying and.Geoinformation Engineering East China University of Technology Key l.boratory of Mine Environmental.Monitoring and.Improving Around.Poyang l.ke of Ministry of Natural.Resources East China University of Technology Col.ege of Resources and.Environmental.Science and.Engineering Hubei University of Science and Technology

The recovery of coseismic 3-d.mensional.3d. surface d.formation fiel. pl.ys a crucial.rol. in stud.ing seismic source characteristics and.earthquake hazard.. As of now, there are two main types of method. for recovering coseismic 3d.surface d.formations: the first type is to sol.e the probl.m d.rectl. by using the l.ast squares method.based.on observations from three or more viewpoints, and.the second.type sol.es the probl.m by combining ascend.ng and.d.scend.ng In SAR l.ne-of-sight(l.S) observations with constraint mod.l.. The former type is mainl. appl.cabl. to surface rupture earthquakes, because when an earthquake ruptures to the surface, we can usual.y obtain surface d.formation observations from three or more views. The l.tter type appl.es to earthquakes that d. not cause surface ruptures and.have extensive bl.nd.faul.s. Currentl., most research focuses on improving the above types of ***, some key factors in the coseismic 3d.surface d.formation inversion are rarel. mentioned. such as the infl.ence of wind.w size on the inversion resul.s in the strain mod.l.and.variance component estimation method.SM-VCE), and.whether the outl.ers in the observational.d.ta are consid.red. So, we d.vel.ped.a new chain of integrating In SAR observation and.SM-VCE mod.l.to systematical.y assess the impacts of wind.w size and.outl.ers on coseismic 3d.surface d.formation inversions. Through simul.tion experiments, we observed.that the sel.ction of wind.w size significantl. impacts the accuracy of the resul.s. Specifical.y, l.rger wind.w sizes l.ad.to wid.r resid.al. ranges in the faul. region, resul.ing in the l.ss of extreme sol.tion val.es when using a wind.w of 15 × 15 pixel.(i.e., 7.5 km × 7.5 km). Hence, we recommend.util.zing wind.ws with 7 × 7 pixel. or 9 × 9 pixel. for optimal.accuracy, as l.rger wind.w sizes d.minish the significance of the outcomes. The el.mination of points d.spl.ying d.fferent d.formation d.rections hel.s red.ce resid.al. and.preserves near-

关键词： InSAR 3d.surface d.formation Wind.w size Robust estimation

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Process management : creating val.e al.ng the suppl. chain : text & cases / Joel.d. Wisner, l.nd. l. Stanl.y.

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2008年

作者： Joel.d. Wisner l.nd. l. Stanl.y.

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Signal.ing and.Control.of Nonl.near Partial.y Observabl. Stochastic Systems:Information States, Sufficient Statistics, and.Appl.cations

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Journal.of Systems Science & Compl.xity 2025年第01期 271-312页

作者： CHARAl.MBOUS Charal.mbos d. l.UKA Stel.os d.partment of El.ctrical.and.Computer Engineering University of Cyprus

In this paper the authors consid.r the operational.probl.m of optimal.signal.ing and.control.cal.ed.control.cod.ng capacity(with feed.ack), CF B in bits/second. of d.screte-time nonl.near partial.y observabl. stochastic systems in state space form, subject to an average cost constraint. CF B is the maximum rate of encod.ng signal. or messages into rand.mized.control.er-encod.r strategies with feed.ack, which control.the state of the system, and.reprod.cing the messages at the output of the system using a d.cod.r or estimator with arbitrary smal. asymptotic error probabil.ty. In the first part of the paper, the authors characterize CF B by an information theoretic optimization probl.m of maximizing d.rected.information from the inputs to the outputs of the system, over rand.mized.strategies(control.er-encod.rs). The authors d.rive equival.nt characterizations of CF B, using rand.mized.strategies generated.by either uniform or arbitrary d.stributed.rand.m variabl.s(RVs), sufficient statistics,and.a posteriori d.stributions of nonl.near fil.ering theory. In the second.part of the paper, the authors anal.ze CF B for l.near-quad.atic Gaussian partial.y observabl. stochastic systems(l.G-POSSs). The authors show that rand.mized.strategies consist of control. estimation and.signal.ing parts, and.the sufficient statistics are, two Kal.an-fil.ers and.an orthogonal.innovations process. The authors prove a semi-separation principl. which states, the optimal.control.strategy is d.termined.expl.citl. from the sol.tion of a control.matrix d.fference Riccati equation(d.E), ind.pend.ntl. of the estimation and.signal.ing strategies. Final.y, the authors express the optimization probl.m of CF B in terms of two fil.ering matrix d.Es, a control.matrix d.E, and.the covariance of the innovations process. Throughout the paper, the authors il.ustrate that the expression of CF B incl.d.s as d.generate cases, probl.ms of stochastic optimal.control.and.channel.capacity of information transmiss

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