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Ecological toxicity.of reactive X-3B red dy. and cadmium acting on wheat (Triticum aestivum)

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2002年第1期14卷 136-140页

作者： chen.y.ZhouQX OpenLaboratory.fTerrestrialEcologicalProcess InstituteofAppliedEcologyChineseAcademyofSciencesShenyang110016China.E－mail：zhouq@*** OpenLaboratory.fTerrestrialEcologicalProcess Instituteof

Ecological toxicity.of reactive X\|3B red dy. and cadmium in both their single form and their combined form on wheat was studied using the experimental method of seed and root exposure. The single factor exposure indicated that the inhibitory.rate of wheat root elongation was significantly.increased with the increase in the concentration of the dy. in the cultural solution, although seed germination of wheat was not sensitive to the dy.. The toxicity.of cadmium was greatly.higher than that of the dy., but low concentration cadmium (y. and cadmium on wheat were complicated. There was no significant correlation between the inhibitory.rate of seed germination and the concentrations of the dy. and cadmium. Low concentration cadmium could strengthen the toxicity.of the dy. acting on root elongation. On the contrary. high concentration cadmium could weaken the toxicity.of the dy. acting on root elongation.

关键词： ecological toxicity reactive X 3B red dy. cadmium combined pollution wheat

MiR-130a regulates and dendritic spine MeCP2 neurite outgrowth density.by.targeting

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Protein & Cell 2016年第7期7卷 489-500页

作者： y.njia Zhang Mengmeng chen Zilong Qiu Keping Hu Warren McGee Xiaoping chen Jianghong Liu Li Zhu Jane y. Wu State Key.Laboratory.for Brain & Cognitive Science Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China University.of Chinese Academy.of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Laboratory.of Molecular Basis of Neural Plasticity Institute of Neuroscience Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200031 China Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD) Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing 100193 China Department of Neurology Center for Genetic Medicine Lurie Cancer Center Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL 60611 USA

MicroRNAs （miRNAs） are critical for both development and function of the central nervous sy.tem. Significant evidence suggests that abnormal expression of miRNAs is associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. MeCP2 protein is an epigenetic regulator repressing or activating gene transcription by.binding to methy.ated DNA. Both loss-of-function and gain-of-function muta- tions in the MECP2 gene lead to neurodevelopmental disorders such as Rett sy.drome, autism and MECP2 duplication sy.drome. In this study. we demonstrate that miR-130a inhibits neurite outgrowth and reduces dendritic spine density.as well as dendritic complexity. Bioinformatics analy.es, cell cultures and biochemical experiments indicate that miR-130a targets MECP2 and down-regulates MeCP2 protein expression. Further- more, expression of the wild-ty.e MeCP2, but not a loss- of-function mutant, rescues the miR-130a-induced phe- noty.e. Our study.uncovers the MECP2 gene as a pre- vious unknown target for miR-130a, supporting that miR-130a may.play.a role in neurodevelopment by.reg- ulating MeCP2. Together with data from other groups,our work suggests that a feedback regulatory.mecha- nism involving both miR-130a and MeCP2 may.serve to ensure their appropriate expression and function in neural development.

关键词： miR-130a MECP2 neurite outgrowth,dendritic spines dendrite morphology

Quantified evaluation of particle shape effects from micro-to-macro scales for non-convex grains

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Particuology 2016年第2期14卷 23-35页

作者： y. y.ng J.F. Wang y.M. cheng Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

Particle shape play. an important role in both the micro and macro scales responses of a granular assem- bly. This paper presents a sy.tematic way.to interpret the shape effects of granular material during quasi-static shearing. A more suitable shape descriptor is suggested for the quantitative analy.is of the macroscale strength indexes and contact parameters for non-convex grains, with special consid- eration given to the peak state and critical state. Through a series of numerical simulations and related post-processing analy.is, particle shape is found to directly.influence the strain localisation patterns, microscale fabric distributions, microscale mobilisation indexes, and probability.distribution of the nor- malised contact normal force. Additionally. the accuracy.of the stress-force-fabric relationship can be influenced by.the average normal force and the distribution of contact vectors. Moreover, particle shape play. a more important role than do the confining pressures in determining the friction angle. Strong force chains and the dilation effect are also found to be strongly.influenced by.the high confinin~ oressure.

关键词： Quantitative analy.is Shape factor Statistical analy.is Micro-macro indexes

Homogeneous cataly.ic wet air oxidation for the treatment of textile wastewaters

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2000年第4期12卷 410-415页

作者： Lei, L. Sun, y. Dept. of Envtl. Science and Engrg. College of Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China

An extensive series of experiments was carried out in order to identify.suitable cataly.ts to boost the reaction rate of wet air oxidation of real textile wastewaters at relatively.mild temperature and pressure. Experimental results indicated that all cataly.ts tested in this investigation had shown an impressive increase in the initial COD and TOC removal rate as well as the COD and TOC removal levels in two hours reaction. Among all the cataly.ts tested, copper salts were more effective than the rest. Anions of the salt solutions also play.d a role in the cataly.ic process with nitrate ions having better effect than sulfate ions. Hence copper nitrates were more effective than copper sulfates. It was also found that a mixture of salts with different metals performed better than either of the component single salt alone.

关键词： Cataly.is Chemical oxy.en demand Copper compounds Low temperature effects Negative ions Nitrates Oxidation Pressure effects Rate constants Salts

Self-/conspecific discrimination and superparasitism strategy.in the ovicidal parasitoid Echthrodelphax fairchildii （Hy.enoptera： Dry.nidae）

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Insect Science 2014年第6期21卷 741-749页

作者： Emi Ito y.shihiro y. y.mada Insect Ecology.Laboratory Graduate School of Bioresources Mie University Tsu Mie Japan

Superparasitism in solitary.parasitoids results in fatal competition between the immature parasitoids, and consequently.only.one individual can emerge. In the semisoli- tary.ovicidal parasitoid Echthrodelphaxfairchildii （Hy.enoptera： Dry.nidae）, 2 adults can emerge under superparasitism with a short interval （〈24 h） between the first and second ovipositions. We determined the female parasitoid＇s behavioral responses under self- and conspecific superparasitism bouts with first-to-second oviposition intervals of 〈2 h. The self- and conspecific superparasitizing frequencies increased up to an oviposition interval of 0.75 h, with the former remaining lower than the latter, particularly.for oviposition intervals of _〈0.25 h, suggesting the existence of self-/conspecific discrimination. The superparasitizing frequency.plateaued for oviposition intervals of _〉0.75 h, with no dif- ference between self- and conspecific superparasitism. The ovicidal-probing frequency.did not differ under self- and conspecific superparasitism, and was usually.〈20%. The females exhibited no preference for the oviposition side （i.e., ovipositing on the side with or without the first progeny. and almost alway. laid female eggs for any.oviposition in- terval under self- and conspecific superparasitism. The sex ratio was not affected by.the ty.e of superparasitism, oviposition sides, or the occurrence of ovicidal probing. These observed results about the oviposition side, ovicidal probing, and sex ratios differed from the predictions obtained assuming that the females behave optimally. Possible reasons for the discrepancies are discussed： likely.candidates include the high cost of selecting oviposition sides and ovicidal probing, and, for the sex ratio, the low frequency.of encountering suitable hosts before superparasitism bouts.

关键词： infanticide ovicide plant hopper self-recognition sex ratio

The Cauchy.problem for non-autonomous nonlinear Schr(o)dinger equations

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Science China Mathematics 2005年第4期48卷 522-538页

作者： Peter y. H. Pang Department of Mathematics

In this paper we study.the Cauchy.problem for cubic nonlinear Schr(o)dinger equation with space-and time-dependent coefficients on Rm and Tm. By.an approximation argument we prove that for suitable initial values, the... 详细信息

关键词： non-autonomous Schr(o)dinger equations, local existence, global existence.

Genome engineering technologies for targeted genetic modification in plants

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Journal of Forestry.Research 2018年第4期29卷 875-887页

作者： Wei Tang Anna y. Tang College of Arts and Science East Carolina University Greenville NC 27858 USA University.of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 101 Stadium Drive Chapel Hill NC 27514 USA

Well-established targeted technologies to engi- neer genomes such as zinc-finger nuclease-based editing （ZFN）, transcription activator-like effector nuclease-based editing （TALEN）, and clustered regularly.interspaced short palindromic repeats and associated protein sy.tem-based editing （CRISPR/Cas） are proving to advance basic and applied research in numerous plant species. Compared with sy.tems using ZFNs and TALENs, the most recently.developed CRISPR/Cas sy.tem is more efficient due to its use of an RNA-guided nuclease to generate double-strand DNA breaks. To accelerate the applications of these technologies, we provide here a detailed overview of these sy.tems, highlight the strengths and weaknesses of each, summarize research advances made with these technologies in model and crop plants, and discuss their applications in plant functional genomics. Such targeted approaches for genetically.modify.ng plants will benefit agricultural production in the future.

关键词： Double-stranded DNA break Genomeediting CRISPR sy.tem Transcription activator-likeeffector nucleases Zinc-finger nucleases

Cretaceous volcanic-intrusive magmatism in western Guangdong and its geological significance

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Science China Earth Sciences 2006年第7期49卷 696-713页

作者： S. y. O’Reilly GEMOC ARC National Key.Centre Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Macquarie University Sydney NSW 2109 Australia

Sy.tematic zircon LA-ICPMS U-Pb dating reveals that Cretaceous volcanic-intrusive activities developed in western Guangdong. Representative volcanic rocks, i.e. Maanshan and Zhougongding rhy.dacites, have zircon U-Pb isotopic ages of 100±1 Ma, and the intrusive ones in-cluding the Deqing monzonitic granite body.and the Xinghua granodiorite body.in the Shidong com-plex, as well as the Tiaocun granodiorite body.in the Guangping complex y.eld ages of 99±2 Ma, ca. 100 Ma, and 104±3 Ma respectively. The biotite-granites of the Shidong complex main body.(461±35 Ma) and that of the Guangping complex (444±6 Ma) are Caledonian. In spite of the big time interval between Cretaceous volcanic-intrusive magmatisms and Caledonian intrusive ones, both of them are characterized by.enrichment in Rb, Th, Ce, Zr, Hf, Sm, depletion in Ba, Nb, Ta, P, Ti, Eu, and weakly.REE tetrad effect. Eu negative anomalies are: Cretaceous volcanic rocks (Eu/Eu*=0.74), Cretaceous intrusive rocks (Eu/Eu*=0.35―0.58), Caledonian biotite granites (Eu/Eu*=0.31―0.34). Studies of Sr-Nd isotope data show that all these igneous rocks have high initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7105―0.7518), and low εNd(t) values (?7.23―?11.39) with their Nd two-stage model ages ranging from 1.6―2.0 Ga, which suggest that they.all derived from the Proterozoic crustal basement of southeast China. The occurrence of Cretaceous volcanic-intrusive magmatisms in western Guangdong is related with the important lithospheric extension event in southeast China (including Nanling region) at ca. 100 Ma. The “volcanic line” defined by.the large scale Mesozoic intermediate-acidic volcanic magmatisms in southeast China may.further extend to the southwest margin of Nanling region.

关键词： Cretaceous, volcanic-intrusive rocks, zircon U-Pb dating, Sr-Nd isotope, western Guangdong.

Tool geometry.based prediction of critical thrust force while drilling carbon fiber reinforced poly.ers

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Advances in Manufacturing 2015年第4期3卷 300-308页

作者： y. Karpat O. Bahtiy.r Department of Industrial Engineering Bilkent UniversityAnkara 06800 Turkey Turkish Aerospace Industries Inc. Ankara 06980 Turkey

Carbon fiber reinforced poly.ers （CFRPs） are known to be difficult to cut due to the abrasive nature of carbon fibers and the low thermal conductivity.of the poly.er matrix. Poly.ry.talline diamond （PCD） drills are commonly.employ.d in CFRP drilling to satisfy.hole quality.conditions with an acceptable tool life. Drill geometry.is known to be influential on the hole quality.and productivity.of the process. Considering the variety.of CFRP laminates and available PCD drills on the market, selecting the suitable drill design and process parameters for the CFRP material being machined is usually.per- formed through trial and error, In this study. machining performances of four different PCD drills are investigated. A mechanistic model of drilling is used to reveal trade-offs in drill designs and it is shown that it can be used to select suitable feed rate for a given CFRP drilling process.

关键词： Machining Drilling - Carbon fiber reinforced poly.er (CFRP) Poly.ry.talline diamond (PCD) Delamination