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Local Criteria Used by Farmers to Evaluate the Agronomic Performance and the Fertilizing Capacity of Cowpea Varieties: Diversity, Variability and Proximal Relation with Agronomic Measurements in Contrasted sahelian Locations

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第1期15卷 114-131页

作者： Nouhou salifou Jangorzo Abdoul-Aziz saïdou Abou-Soufianou sadda Abdoulaye Moussa Mamoudou Hassane Bil-Assanou Issoufou Département des Sciences du Sol et Télédétection Université Dan Dicko Dankoulodo de Maradi Maradi Niger. Unité Mixte de Recherche “Diversité et Adaptation des Plantes” (UMR DAP) Université Dan Dicko Dankoulodo de Maradi Maradi Niger Centre Imaan de Support en Recherche Transdisciplinaire (Imaan Research) Niamey Niger Institut de Recherche pour le Développement Niamey Niger Université Boubacar ba de Tillabéri Tillabéri Niger Département des Sciences et Techniques de Productions Végétales Université Dan Dicko Dankoulodo de Maradi Maradi Niger

When contributing to participatory research, farmers usually appreciate the performance of cowpea varieties using qualitative scores. The score they attribute to each variety are based on local knowledge. The specific criteria they individually use to attribute a score are not well described. The objectives of this work were to: 1) identify and describe exhaustively the local criteria used by farmers to measure the agronomic performance of cowpea;2) assess the variability and statistical structure of these farmer criteria across local contexts;3) and analyze the association between these farmer criteria and the classical agronomic measurement. To achieve these objectives, an augmented block design was implemented across fifteen locations in the regions of Maradi, Dosso and Tillabéri, representing a diversity of local contexts. From a set of 36 cowpea varieties, fifteen varieties were sown per location, including five varieties (controls) common to all locations. In each location, two replicates were sown in randomized Fisher’s blocks. After agronomic measurement and participatory evaluation (scoring of varieties by farmers), a group survey (focus group) was conducted in each location to identify the criteria considered by farmers to found their discretional scoring of varieties during the participatory evaluation. The analysis of the data identified, across locations, thirteen criteria defined by farmers to characterize the agronomic performance of cowpea. Some of these criteria were different according to location. Farmers ranked the three varieties with the best performance for each agronomical trait (Top 3 varieties). A comparison of the farmer ranking with the ranking based on agronomic measurements revealed similarity and complementary between both methods. This study highlighted the importance of considering both local and scientific knowledge in local varietal evaluations.

关键词： Agronomic Performance Participatory Research Cowpea Farmers’ Criteria

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Therapeutic Profile and Prognostic Factors of Patients Suffering from Upper Digestive Bleeding at Sikasso Regional hospital

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Open Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第9期14卷 300-312页

作者： oumar Traoré Abdoul salam Diarra Dramane Touré Tawfiq Abu Amadou Boubeye Maïga Kadiatou Cissé saïdon Touré Mohomedine Touré Aboudou Dolo Youana Koné Madou Traoré Mamadou Togo Kalba Péliaba Mamadou samaké Hamadoun sangho Service of Internal Medicine Regional Hospital Sikasso Mali National Center for Scientific and Technological Research Bamako Mali Department of Pediatric Health Referral Center of Kalaban Coro Koulikoro Mali Private Practice for Family and Emergency Medicine Casablanca Morocco Service of Nephrology Regional Hospital Sikasso Mali Department of Infectious Disease Regional Hospital Sikasso Mali Service de Mdecine Interne CHU Gabriel Tour Bamako Mali Service dHpato-gastro-Entrologie CHU Gabriel Tour Bamako Mali Department of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology University of Sciences Techniques and Technologies of Bamako Bamako Mali

Introduction: Upper digestive hemorrhage is one of the main digestive emergencies and remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Mali. The aim of this study was to describe the therapeutic profile and outcome of patients suffering from upper digestive haemorrhage. Methodology: This was a prospective study carried out in the internal medicine department of the Sikasso Regional hospital from August 2022 to July 2023. All adult patients presenting with upper digestive haemorrhage and having given their consent, were included. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 software. Results: Sixty-three patients were enrolled. The mean age was 49.7 ± 18.99 years, with a male-female sex ratio of 2.2. Ruptured esophageal varices (37.5%) and peptic ulcer (25%) were the main etiologies. Pharmacological treatment was dominated by proton pump inhibitors (85.7%). Hemostasis endoscopy accounted for 3.17%. The evolution was marked by hemorrhagic arrest (69.84%), recurrence of hemorrhage (11.11%) and death (19.04%), the main cause of which was hemorrhagic shock (58.3%). We found no statistically significant relationship between prognosis and etiologies (P = 0.11), and length of hospital stay (P = 0.18). Conclusion: Hemostasis endoscopy remains a challenge for Sikasso hospital. A holistic strategy of communication and community awareness-raising, combined with adequate technical facilities, will help to improve patient care and outcomes.

关键词： Digestive Hemorrhage Digestive Endoscopy Treatment outcome

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Developing Weibull-based diameter distributions for the major coniferous species in Heilongjiang Province,China

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林业研究:英文版 2023年第6期34卷 1803-1815页

作者： Qila sa Xingji Jin Timo Pukkala Fengri Li Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management Ministry of EducationNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China University of Eastern Finland 80101 JoensuuFinland

Diameter distribution models play an important role in forest inventories,growth prediction,and *** Weibull probability density function is widely used in *** a number of methods have been proposed to predict or recover the Weibull distribution,their applicability and predictive performance for the major tree species of China remain to be *** in sample plots of three even-aged coniferous species(Larix olgensis,Pinus sylvestris and Pinus koraiensis)were measured both in un-thinned and thinned stands to develop parameter prediction models for the Weibull probability density *** least squares(OLS)and maximum likelihood regression(MLER),as well as cumulative distribution function regression(CDFR)were used,and their performance *** results show that MLER and CDFR were better than OLS in predicting diameter distributions of tree *** produced the best results in terms of fitting *** on the error statistics calculated for different age groups,CDFR was considered the most suitable method for developing prediction models for Weibull parameters in coniferous plantations.

关键词： Parameter prediction Maximum likelihood regression Cumulative distribution function regression

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Analysis and optimal synthesis of single loop spatial mechanisms

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2011年第9期12卷 665-679页

作者： Med Amine LARIBI Lotfi ROMDHANE sad ZEGHLouL Laboratoire de Génie Mécanique LAB-MA-05 Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sousse Institut Pprime-UPR 3346 CNRS-Université de Poitiers-ENSMA Département Génie Mécanique et Systémes Complexes SP2MIBP30179 86962 Futuroscope France

In this work, a systematic approach is presented to obtain the input-output equations of a single loop 4-bar spatial mechanisms. The dialytic method along with Denavit-Hartenberg parameters can be used to obtain these equations efficiently. A genetic algorithm （ga） has been used to solve the problem of spatial mechanisms synthesis. Two types of mechanisms, e.g., RSCR and RSPC （R： revolute; S： spherical; C： cylindrical; P： prismatic）, have illustrated the application of the ga to solve the problem of function generation and path generation. In some cases, the ga method becomes trapped in a local minimum. A combined ga-fuzzy logic （ga-FL） method is then used to improve the final result. The results show that gas, combined with an adequate description of the mechanism, are well suited for spatial mechanism synthesis problems and have neither difficulties inherent to the choice of the initial feasible guess, nor a problem of convergence, as it is the case for deterministic methods.

关键词： Spatial mechanisms Genetic algorithm-fuzzy logic (ga-FL) method Denevit-Hartenberg parameters Mechanism synthesis

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Multi-Agent Deep Q-Networks for Efficient Edge Federated Learning Communications in Software-Defined IoT

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 3319-3335页

作者： Prohim Tam sa Math Ahyoung Lee Seokhoon Kim Department of Software Convergence Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea Department of Computer Science Kennesaw State UniversityMariettaGA 30060USA Department of Computer Software Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan31538Korea

Federated learning(FL)activates distributed on-device computation techniques to model a better algorithm performance with the interaction of local model updates and global model distributions in aggregation averaging ***,in large-scale heterogeneous Internet of Things(IoT)cellular networks,massive multi-dimensional model update iterations and resource-constrained computation are challenging aspects to be tackled *** paper introduces the system model of converging softwaredefined networking(SDN)and network functions virtualization(NFV)to enable device/resource abstractions and provide NFV-enabled edge FL(eFL)aggregation servers for advancing automation and ***-agent deep Q-networks(MADQNs)target to enforce a self-learning softwarization,optimize resource allocation policies,and advocate computation offloading *** gathered network conditions and resource states,the proposed agent aims to explore various actions for estimating expected longterm rewards in a particular state *** exploration phase,optimal actions for joint resource allocation and offloading decisions in different possible states are obtained by maximum Q-value ***-based virtual network functions(VNF)forwarding graph(VNFFG)is orchestrated to map VNFs towards eFL aggregation server with sufficient communication and computation resources in NFV infrastructure(NFVI).The proposed scheme indicates deficient allocation actions,modifies the VNF backup instances,and reallocates the virtual resource for exploitation *** neural network(DNN)is used as a value function approximator,and epsilongreedy algorithm balances exploration and *** scheme primarily considers the criticalities of FL model services and congestion states to optimize long-term *** results presented the outperformance of the proposed scheme over reference schemes in terms of Quality of Service(QoS)performance metrics,including packet

关键词： Deep Q-networks federated learning network functions virtualization quality of service software-defined networking

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石蒜种子萌发过程及生理研究

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江西农业大学学报 2024年第3期46卷 682-690页

作者：萨日娜蔡军火游欣温婷姜雪茹魏绪英钟良涛江西农业大学园林与艺术学院江西南昌330045 江西财经大学艺术学院江西南昌330032

【目的】探究石蒜种子萌发过程中的形态与生理变化规律,为其优质种苗的繁育提供理论基础及高效繁殖技术。【方法】以成熟新鲜的石蒜种子为研究材料,在观测其萌发第0、7、14、21、28、35天形态变化的基础上,采用考马斯亮蓝G-250法、蒽酮... 详细信息

【目的】探究石蒜种子萌发过程中的形态与生理变化规律,为其优质种苗的繁育提供理论基础及高效繁殖技术。【方法】以成熟新鲜的石蒜种子为研究材料,在观测其萌发第0、7、14、21、28、35天形态变化的基础上,采用考马斯亮蓝G-250法、蒽酮比色法、酶联免疫法测定种子内的可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖和淀粉、内源激素(ga_(3)、Aba、IAA、ZR)等内含物。【结果】(1)石蒜种子的萌发方式为子叶留土型,依据形态变化特征,可将其萌发过程划分为未萌发期(0 d)、露白期(7~14 d)、子叶伸长期(8~14 d)、根快速生长期(15~21 d)、分根期(22~28 d)和真叶形成期(29~35 d)6个时期,持续时长约35 d。(2)在种子萌发过程中,淀粉、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、内源Aba的含量及ga_(3)/Aba比值总体均呈“下降”趋势,IAA和ZR的含量却呈“上升”趋势,ga_(3)含量则“先降后升”;其中,子叶伸长期和根快速生长期是内源激素变化的拐点时期。(3)种子的萌发进程与ZR、IAA的含量变化呈极显著正相关,而与ga_(3)、Aba的含量变化则呈显著负相关。高含量的IAA和ZR、低含量的Aba和ga_(3)有利于胚乳内淀粉的水解,从而促进种子的萌发。【结论】石蒜种子的萌发是一个动态耗能过程,主要依赖胚乳内的淀粉和可溶性糖提供能量。同时,种子的萌发也受到内源激素ZR和IAA的正向调控及ga_(3)/Aba的负向调控。

关键词：石蒜种子萌发淀粉可溶性糖可溶性蛋白质内源激素

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基于无人机和地面调查的典型草原“种-面积”关系

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中国环境科学 2024年第9期44卷 5169-5179页

作者：朱萨宁高吉喜万华伟尤春赫杨雪郭雨桐祝晨佳吕娜中国环境科学研究院生态研究所北京100012 生态环境部卫星环境应用中心北京100094 北京林业大学草业与草原学院北京100091

本研究以呼伦贝尔市典型草原为研究对象,通过传统地面样方调查和无人机调查,系统研究了“种-面积”关系,确定了典型草原地面与无人机调查的最小调查面积.调查结果表明:1)典型草原的物种数量与调查面积呈非线性关系,“种-面积”关系呈现... 详细信息

本研究以呼伦贝尔市典型草原为研究对象,通过传统地面样方调查和无人机调查,系统研究了“种-面积”关系,确定了典型草原地面与无人机调查的最小调查面积.调查结果表明:1)典型草原的物种数量与调查面积呈非线性关系,“种-面积”关系呈现为S=aln(ba+1).基于组合样方法,至少要包括8个1m^(2)小样方,才能达到涵盖80%物种的目标,基于巢式样法,需要的最小调查面积为8.63m^(2);2)针对典型草原,无人机调查的平均物种发现率为传统地面调查方法的81.7%,无人机可作为地面调查的辅助手段,提高调查的效率;3)在典型草原物种监测中,可选取1个或2个组合样方,并使用无人机进行4~5次随机拍摄作为补充,此时可发现典型草原物种总数的84.7%~88.3%.该方法相对传统的3~5次重复样方调查,代表性更高,调查效率更高.

关键词： “种-面积”关系无人机地面调查典型草原

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Investigation on the crystal structure and mechanical properties of the ternary compound Mg_(11-x)Zn_(x)Sr combined with experimental measurements and first-principles calculations

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第3期11卷 1074-1082页

作者： Jian Wang Lingzhong Meng Zhang Zhang baisheng sa Xiaoxiao Fu Liyuan Sheng Daokui Xu Yufeng Zheng School of Mechanical Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225127China Key Laboratory of Eco-materials Advanced Technology College of Materials Science and EngineeringFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Shenzhen Institute Peking UniversityShenzhen518057China PKU-HKUST ShenZhen-hongKong Institution Shenzhen 518057China Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and safety Assessment Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China

A new ternary compound,Mg_(11-x)Zn_(x)Sr in the Mg-Zn-Sr system was observed and studied using Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM),Energy-Dispersive Spectroscope(EDS),X-Ray Diffraction(XRD)and Transmission Electron Microscopy(TEM).The XRD patterns were refined by the Rietveld refinement method and the results revealed that the crystallized Mg_(11-x)Zn_(x)Sr phase belonged to tetragonal I41/amd space group and had the Cd_(11)ba *** Mg atoms were successfully doped into Zn_(11)Sr crystal lattice by occupying Zn atomic ***,the Rietveld refinement and computational results demonstrated a gradual decrease in the a-axis and c-axis lattice parameters with decreasing concentration levels of Mg coordination substitution in the lattice of Mg_(11-x)Zn_(x)Sr *** elastic constants and modulus of the Mg_(11-x)Zn_(x)Sr compounds calculated by first-principles calculations(FPC)indicated they were increased with the increasing of Zn *** variation of hardness,D-band widths and the total density of states for Mg_(11-x)Zn_(x)Sr compounds with Zn content was discussed.

关键词： Mg-Zn-Sr system Crystal structure Hardness Elastic constants Modulus

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Polycaprolactone (PCL) Chains Grafting on the Surface of Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNCs) during <i>In Situ</i>Polymerization of <i>ε</i>-Caprolactone at Room Temperature

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2020年第11期11卷 744-756页

作者： Jérémy Astruc Patrice Cousin gaétan Laroche Mathieu Robert saïd Elkoun Center of Innovative Technology and Eco-Design (CITE) University of Sherbrooke Granby QC Canada Laboratoire d’Ingénierie de Surface Département de Génie des Mines de la Métallurgie et des Matériaux Centre de recherche sur les Matériaux avancés Pavillon Adrien-Pouliot University of Laval Québec QC Canada Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec Hopital Saint-Francois d’Assise Québec QC Canada

This work aimed at investigating the feasibility of surface modification of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) using in situ ring opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) at room temperature. Residues of flax and milkweed (Asclepias syriaca) stem fibers were used as a source of cellulose to obtain and isolate CNCs. The cationic ring opening polymerization (CROP) of the monomer ε-CL was used to covalently graft polycaprolactone (PCL) chains at the CNCs surface. Silver hexafluoroantimonate (AgSbF6) was used in combination with the extracted CNCs to initiate, at room temperature, the polymerization and the grafting reactions with no other stimulus. Fourier-Transform InfraRed (FTIR), X-ray Photoelectron Spectrometry (XPS), UV/visible absorption and Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) analyses evidenced the presence of PCL chains covalently grafted at CNCs surface, the formation of Ag(0) particles as well as low or moderate molecular weight free PCL chains.

关键词： Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNCs) Simultaneous Polymerization and Surface Grafting ε-Caprolactone Cationic Ring Opening Polymerization Room Temperature Silver Hexafluoroantimonate

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基于mtDNA D-loop序列分析青海省果洛州牦牛遗传资源的母系遗传多样性及群体遗传结构

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中国农业大学学报 2024年第8期29卷 134-146页

作者：曹萍梅萨陈生梅李鸿康郭卫兴李瑞哲达桑才加莫延新官却扎西忠尕李文浩刘书杰崔宏伟马志杰青海大学畜牧兽医科学院/青海省高原家畜遗传资源保护与创新利用重点实验室/农业农村部青藏高原畜禽遗传育种重点实验室青海省果洛州班玛县畜牧兽医站青海省牦牛繁育推广服务中心青海省果洛州久治县索乎日麻乡畜牧兽医站青海省果洛州玛多县花石峡镇措柔村拉泽生态畜牧业专业合作社青海省畜禽遗传资源保护利用中心青海省果洛州农牧和科技局

为从分子水平上对青海省果洛藏族自治州牦牛遗传资源进行系统评估，分析其母系遗传多样性、群体遗传结构和群体遗传分化，本研究对甘德、班玛、久治和玛多牦牛群体共152头个体进行线粒体DNA(mtDNA)Dloop区测序，并从Genbank下载已公布... 详细信息

为从分子水平上对青海省果洛藏族自治州牦牛遗传资源进行系统评估，分析其母系遗传多样性、群体遗传结构和群体遗传分化，本研究对甘德、班玛、久治和玛多牦牛群体共152头个体进行线粒体DNA(mtDNA)Dloop区测序，并从Genbank下载已公布的37条达日牦牛和32条玛沁牦牛的相应序列，对这6个牦牛群体mtDNA D-loop序列进行综合分析。结果表明：1)221条牦牛mtDNA D-loop序列（636～638 bp）比对分析共检测出57个变异位点，包括8个单一多态位点和49个简约信息位点。根据D-loop序列间核苷酸变异共确定了45种单倍型，其中班玛、达日、甘德、久治、玛多、玛沁牦牛群体分别拥有1、6、5、4、7、6种特有单倍型。2)6个牦牛群体总的单倍型多样度和核苷酸多样度为0.901和0.014，表明其母系遗传多样性丰富。其中，甘德牦牛的单倍型多样度最高（Hd=0.951），久治牦牛的单倍型多样度最低（Hd=0.818）。3）遗传分化和基因流分析表明，除久治牦牛与班玛、甘德、玛沁牦牛群体间分化程度均呈中等遗传分化水平（0.05≤FST<0.15），基因交流相对贫乏外，其他牦牛群体间FST值较小（0更多还原AbstractFilter('ChDivSummary', 'ChDivSummaryMore', 'ChDivSummaryReset');

关键词：牦牛 mtDNA D-loop区遗传多样性遗传分化群体结构系统发育

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