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Thermophysical Characterization of Local Materials from a Locality in Chad for Use in Eco-building

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2024年第3期14卷 486-497页

作者： Abderahman Adoum Oumar Malloum Soultan Abdallah Dadi Togdjim Jonas Mahamat Saleh Abdel-Khadir Mahamoud Youssouf Khayal Salif gaye Laboratoire de Recherche en Energtique et Matriaux (LREM) de lINSTA Institut National Suprieur des Sciences et Techniques dAbch Abch Chad Ecole Doctorale Science Technique et Environnement Universit de NDjamena NDjamena Tchad Laboratoire CAbET (Construction Alternative basse Energie au Tchad) NDjamena Chad Laboratoire de Matriaux dnergtique dlectricit et dconomie (LM3E) Universit Iba Der Thiam de This This Sngal

With the aim of enhancing the value of local building materials, the subject of this paper is a thermophysical study of natural Chadian clay from the eastern region of Chad, “Abeche”. Samples were taken from a brickwork in Abeche from a depth of 1 m, then using a clay brick-making press, 4 × 5 × 8 cm3 clay test tubes were made with 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% cow dung, and a 100% clay sample was used as a control. These samples underwent thermophysical characterization using the hot-wire method with a hot-plane option, yielding results that could improve thermophysical performance. The thermal conductivity of the test sample is in the order of 0.715 to 0.420 W/m. K, at 8% for cow dung, so the addition of cow dung as a percentage in the clay matrix enabled us to obtain various satisfactory thermal parameters.

关键词： Soils Characterization Thermophysical Local building

Qualitative Assessment of Postharvest Stomata and Chloroplast Degradation in Contrasting Abscission Resistant balsam Fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2023年第9期14卷 1009-1028页

作者： gaye MacDonald Rajasekaran R. Lada C. D. Caldwell Chibuike C. Udenigwe Mason T. Maconald Faculty of Agriculture Dalhousie University Bible Hill Canada School of Nutritional Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences University of Ottawa Ottawa Canada

balsam fir is an important Christmas tree species, especially in eastern Canada. The natural Christmas tree industry faces a challenge in postharvest needle abscission. Though there have been many studies describing the physiological triggers and consequences in postharvest balsam fir, there have been no studies describing morphological or ultrastructural changes. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine changes in stomata and chloroplast of postharvest needles. branches were collected from low and high needle abscission resistance balsam fir genotypes, placed in water, and displayed in typical household conditions for 11 weeks. Needle abscission, chlorophyll fluorescence, and water uptake were monitored throughout. Needles stomata and chloroplasts were examined under a scanning and transmission electron microscope, respectively, each week. All branches had increased abscission, decreased chlorophyll fluorescence, and decreased water uptake over time. Needle surfaces accumulated fungal hyphae, especially in stomata. Chloroplasts demonstrated some dysfunction within two weeks, with notable decreases in chloroplast starch and increases in plastoglobulins. Within several weeks thylakoid membranes had been dismantled as chloroplasts transformed into gerontoplasts. All biophysical and structural changes were more pronounced in low needle abscission resistant genotypes. This research identifies a potential role for needle fungi in postharvest needle abscission and confirms the postharvest senescence of chloroplasts. Though it was previously speculated that chloroplasts must senesce postharvest, this study identifies how quickly this process occurs and that it occurs at different rates in contrasting genotypes.

关键词： Abies balsamea balsam Fir Christmas Tree Fluorescence Needle Abscission Resistance Scanning Electron Transmission Electron

Comparative Study of Acute Coronary Syndrome with Persistent ST-Segment Elevation (STEMI) between Diabetics and Non-Diabetics in Dakar, Senegal

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第10期14卷 631-643页

作者： Ngoné Diaba gaye Aliou Alassane Ngaïdé Joseph Salvador Mingou Massar Wague Momar Dioum Alassane Mbaye Abdoul Kane Faculty of Medicine Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Cardiology Department Dalal Jamm Hospital Dakar Senegal Cardiology Department Aristide Le Dantec Hospital Dakar Senegal Cardiology Department Idrissa Pouye General Hospital Dakar Senegal Cardiology Department Fann Hospital Dakar Senegal

Introduction: This study aimed to compare the frequency of diabetic and non-diabetic patients admitted for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), assess their epidemiological, clinical, and paraclinical profiles, and evaluate their therapeutic strategies and outcomes. Methodology: A descriptive, analytical, comparative study with prospective and retrospective data collection was conducted from April 1, 2020, to March 31, 2021. Diabetic and non-diabetic patients with STEMI admitted to a cardiology department were included. STEMI diagnosis was based on clinical and electrocardiographic criteria showing persistent ST-segment elevation in at least two leads. All patients included in the study signed a written, informed consent form. Data analysis was performed using SPSS, with a p-value ≤ 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: STEMI prevalence was 15.27%, with 37.11% of patients being diabetic and 62.89% non-diabetic. Diabetic patients had a mean age of 59.2 ± 10.9 years, while non-diabetics averaged 58 ± 13.4 years. Diabetics were predominantly female (72.2%), whereas non-diabetics were mainly male (83.6%). Smoking was less frequent among diabetics (25% vs. 47.54%), but hypertension, obesity, and sedentary lifestyle were more common. Diabetics had an average of 3.5 ± 1.1 risk factors compared to 2.6 ± 1.2 in non-diabetics. Admission delay was longer for diabetics (34.8 ± 51.6 hours vs. 23.3 ± 52.3 hours). Chest pain was the main symptom in both groups. Electrocardiograms showed that anterior and inferior infarctions were most frequent. Triple vessel disease and severe complications, such as cardiogenic shock, were more common in diabetics, who also had higher mortality (5.56% vs. 3.28%). Conclusion: Diabetic STEMI patients represent a high-risk group with distinct clinical features, longer admission delays, and a greater accumulation of cardiovascular risk factors, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions.

关键词： Acute Coronary Syndrome with Persistent ST-Segment Elevation Diabetes Senegal

Nasosinus Metastases from breast Cancer: A Review of Two Cases

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Advances in breast Cancer Research 2021年第4期10卷 133-140页

作者： Papa Macoumba gaye Mouhamadou bachir ba Fatimatou Néné Sarr Fallou Niang Maimouna Mané Franck Chouamou Aurélien Chemega Radiotherapy Department of Dalal Jamm Hospital Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Department of Fann Hospital Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal

Context: breast cancer affects more than 2 million women a year worldwide. Improved treatments have made it possible to increase survival rates with more and more patients having time to develop secondary locations. N... 详细信息

Context: Breast cancer affects more than 2 million women a year worldwide. Improved treatments have made it possible to increase survival rates with more and more patients having time to develop secondary locations. Nasosinus metastases from this cancer are rare. Two recently treated breast cancer patients developed metastases to the sphenoidal and maxillary sinuses. These cases gave rise to an examination of the incidence of this disease, its diagnosis, the therapeutic means envisaged and the fate of these patients. b>Method:b> We report the diagnostic and therapeutic data of two patients suffering from breast cancer and presenting metastases at the nasosinus level, with a focus on the interest of radiotherapy in palliative care. b>Results:b> The two patients aged 56 and 60 presented in the course of their breast cancer secondary localizations in the sphenoidal and maxillary sinus confirmed by endoscopy and histology. All the cases presented massive lesions associated with other secondary bone locations in particular. After local radiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy treatment, one patient died 5 months after her diagnosis and the other was alive 16 months later. b>Conclusion:b> Nasal and sinus metastases from breast cancer are rare and have a poor prognosis as disseminated disease, they do not respond well to conventional systemic therapies even if palliative radiotherapy allows local control.

关键词： Cancer breast Nasosinus Metastasis Senegal

Potential Roles of Fatty Acids and Lipids in Postharvest Needle Abscission Physiology

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2019年第6期10卷 1069-1089页

作者： gaye E. MacDonald Rajasekaran R. Lada Claude D. Caldwell Chibuike Udenigwe Mason T. MacDonald Department of Plant Food and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Agriculture Dalhousie University Halifax Canada School of Nutrition Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences University of Ottawa Ottawa Canada

Our understanding of postharvest needle abscission physiology in conifers has greatly improved in the last decade. Abscission is initially triggered by root detachment, which begins a cascade of changes such as decreased water uptake, water potential, and auxins and increased membrane injury, ethylene, abscisic acid, volatile terpenes, and catalytic enzymes. Needle abscission is also affected by environmental factors. For example, a period of cold acclimation generally delays postharvest abscission. The aforementioned pieces of evidence, along with previous studies, strongly points to a role for plant lipids and fatty acids. Studies from other species have pointed out key roles in abscission and stress responses for a variety of phospholipids and galactolipids, which has not been studied in balsam fir. It is imperative to have an understanding of the role of plant lipids and fatty acids to further our overall understanding of the physiological mechanisms of postharvest abscission and needle abscission resistance. This review is an overview of membrane lipids and fatty acids, changes that occur postharvest and the interaction that lipids may have in the phenomenon of postharvest abscission.

关键词： Phospholipids Galactolipids Fatty Acids Plant Growth Regulators Abscission

Spectrofluorimetric Analysis of the Fungicide Carbendazim and Its Metabolite 2-Aminobenzimidazole in Natural Water

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2015年第9期6卷 767-775页

作者： Diene Diegane Thiare Abdourakhmane Khonte Amadou Diop Alphonse Mendy Atanasse Coly Francois Delattre Mame Diabou gaye-Seye Alphonse Tine Laboratoire de Photochimie et d’Analyse(LPA) Faculte des Sciences et TechniquesUniversite Cheikh Anta DiopDakarSenegal Unite de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant(UCEIV) ULCODunkerqueFrance Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique et bromatologie(LCAb) Faculte de Medecine de Pharmacie et d’OdontologieUniversite Cheikh Anta DiopDakarSenegal

A spectrofluorimetric method for the direct analysis of carbendazim [methyl 2-benzimidazole carbamate (MbC)] fungicide and its metabolite 2-aminobenzimidazole (2-Ab) in natural waters is described. Very low limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) values of 0.002 - 0.06 ng/mL and 0.006 - 0.2 ng/mL, respectively, were determined by spectrofluorimetric method with small relative standard deviation (RSD) values bC and 2-Ab residues in natural waters, with satisfactory recovery values of (88.5% - 119.2%).

关键词： Carbendazim 2-Aminobenzimidazole Water Analysis Fluorescence Analytical Method

Control of the Dust Vertical Distribution over Western Africa by Convection and Scavenging

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Journal of Atmospheric Science Research 2024年第1期7卷 19-39页

作者： H.Senghor R.Pilon b.Diallo J.Escribano F.Hourdin J.Y.Grandpeix O.boucher M.Gueye A.T.gaye E.Machu National Agency of Civil Aviation and Meteorology PO BOX 8184Senegal Laboratory for Atmospheric-Oceanic Physics-Simeon Fongang Cheikh Anta Diop UniversityDakar10700Senegal Laboratory of Dynamic Meteorology(LMD) CNRS/IPSL/UMPCParis75231France Atmospheric Composition Group Barcelona Supercomputing Center(BSC)Barcelona08034Spain Spatial and Physical Oceanography Laboratory(LOPS) Brest UniversityCNRSIRDPlouzane29280France Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Sine Saloum El Hadj Ibrahima NiassePO BOX 55KaolackSenegal

Saharan dust represents more than 50%of the total desert dust emitted around the globe and its radiative effect significantly affects the atmospheric circulation at a continental *** studies on dust vertical distribution and the Saharan Air Layer(SAL)showed some shortcomings that could be attributed to imperfect representation of the effects of deep convection and *** authors investigate here the role of deep convective transport and scavenging on the vertical distribution of mineral dust over Western *** multi-year(2006-2010)simulations performed with the variable-resolution(zoomed)version of the LMDZ climate *** are compared with aerosol amounts recorded by the Aerosol Robotic Network(AERONET)and with vertical profiles of the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization(CALIOP)*** allows a thorough examination of the respective roles of deep convective transport,convective and stratiform scavenging,boundary layer transport,and advection processes on the vertical mineral dust distribution over Western *** comparison of simulated dust Aerosol Optical Depth(AOD)and distribution with measurements suggest that scavenging in deep convection and subsequent re-evaporation of dusty rainfall in the lower troposphere are critical processes for explaining the vertical distribution of desert *** processes play a key role in maintaining a well-defined dust layer with a sharp transition at the top of the SAL and in establishing the seasonal cycle of dust *** vertical distribution is further reshaped offshore in the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone(ITCZ)over the Atlantic Ocean by marine boundary layer turbulent and convective transport and wet deposition at the surface.

关键词： Dust Vertical distribution Sahara Sahel West Africa Climate model Convection Scavenging ITCZ

Gastric Adenocarcinoma at the Joliot Curie Institute in Dakar: Epidemiological, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Aspects about 54 Cases

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2021年第3期12卷 136-145页

作者： Kanta Ka Doudou Diouf Sidy Ka El Hadj Amadou Sall Daniele Presti Mamadou Moustapha Dieng Papa Macoumba gaye Ahmadou Dem Radiotherapy Department CHNU Dalal Jamm Guédiawaye Senegal Oncology Department Institute Joliot Curie Dakar Senegal cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Dakar Senegal Medical Oncology Service ICS Maugeri IRCCS SpA University of Pavia Pavia Italy

Objectives: To study the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of gastric adenocarcinoma at the Joliot Curie Institute in Dakar. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective study over... 详细信息

Objectives: To study the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of gastric adenocarcinoma at the Joliot Curie Institute in Dakar. b>Materials and Methods: b>We conducted a retrospective study over a seven-year period from January 2010 to December 2017 at the Joliot Curie Institute in Dakar. All cases of gastric adenocarcinoma proven by fibroscopy followed by histology or proven on the histological analysis of a surgical specimen were taken into account. The parameters studied were age, risk factors, stages of the disease, treatment and prognosis. b>Results:b> There were 54 cases of gastric adenocarcinoma over a period of 7 years. The average age was 54.74 years with extremes of 25 and 84 years. A male predominance was noted (35/54). The main risk factors found were alcohol (5/54), tobacco (13/54), Helicobacter pilori (4/54), gastric ulcer (12/54). Epigastralgia was the most frequent clinical manifestation. FOGD was carried out in 77.8% of patients. Histology was obtained before surgery in 40 patients (74.1% of cases) and

Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Mortality in Patients under 60 Years Old in a Cardiology Department in West Africa, Dakar-Senegal

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第8期14卷 502-514页

作者： Aliou Alassane Ngaide Ngone Diaba gaye Joseph Salvador Mingou Mame Diarra Sene Momar Dioum Mouhamadou bamba Ndiaye Alassane Mbaye Abdoul Kane Faculty of Medicine University Cheikh Anta Diop of Dakar Dakar Senegal Cardiology Department Dalal Jamm Hospital Dakar Senegal Cardiology Department Aristide Le Dantec Hospital Dakar Senegal Cardiology Department Idrissa Pouye General Hospital Dakar Senegal Cardiology Department Fann Hospital Dakar Senegal

background: Our study aimed to examine cardiovascular mortality within the working-age population, exploring epidemiological, clinical, and paraclinical features, complications, and identifying etiological factors linked to mortality. Methods: We conducted a descriptive and analytical retrospective study from September 2019 to August 2022 at the General Hospital Idrissa POUYE in Dakar, we reviewed all the medical records of patients from 15 to 60 years old who died while admitted in the cardiology department. Data collected were socioeconomic status, clinical history, type of cardiovascular disaese, length of hospitalization, circumstances and timing of death. The data were analyzed with R. Studio version 2022.12.0 + 353 and Excel 2019, with a P-value Results: The study included 73 patients, indicating a specific mortality rate of 8.8% and a proportional mortality of 39%. Predominantly male (sex ratio 1.2), the average age was 44. Key cardiovascular risk factors identified were sedentarism (76.7%), hypertension (28.8%), and smoking (21.9%). The leading cause for consultation was dyspnea (72.6%). Notable findings included a majority of patients presenting with general condition deterioration (90%) and cardiovascular collapse upon admission (23.3%). Physical exam revealed signs of heart failure in 63%. Echocardiography showed left ventricular ejection fraction impairment (81%) and pulmonary hypertension (78%). Immediate causes of death were primarily cardiogenic shock (45.2%) and septic shock (37%). The analytical study indicates that the data most closely associated with mortality were age, socio-economic level, ischemic heart disease (p = 0.034), rheumatic valvulopathies, pulmonary embolism (p = 0.034), hypertension (HTA) (p = 0.009), smoking (p = 0.011), diabetes (p = 0.011), dyslipidemias, prolonged bedrest (p = 0.001), morbid obesity (p = 0.001), and COVID-19 infection (p = 0.017). Conclusion: The prevalence of ischemic heart diseases, pulmonary embolisms, and va

关键词： Mortality Under 60 Years Cardiovascular Dakar