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Federated Learning with Privacy-preserving and Model IP-right-protection

Machine Intelligence Research 2023年第1期20卷 19-37页

作者： Qiang Yang Anbu Huang Lixin Fan chee seng chan Jian Han Lim Kam Woh Ng Ding Sheng Ong Bowen Li WeBank Shenzhen 518057China Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong 999077China University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia University of Surrey Guildford GU27XHUK University of Aberystwyth Wales SY233DDUK Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240China

In the past decades,artificial intelligence(AI)has achieved unprecedented success,where statistical models become the central entity in AI.However,the centralized training and inference paradigm for building and using these models is facing more and more privacy and legal challenges.To bridge the gap between data privacy and the need for data fusion,an emerging AI paradigm feder-ated learning(FL)has emerged as an approach for solving data silos and data privacy problems.Based on secure distributed AI,feder-ated learning emphasizes data security throughout the lifecycle,which includes the following steps:data preprocessing,training,evalu-ation,and deployments.FL keeps data security by using methods,such as secure multi-party computation(MPC),differential privacy,and hardware solutions,to build and use distributed multiple-party machine-learning systems and statistical models over different data sources.Besides data privacy concerns,we argue that the concept of“model”matters,when developing and deploying federated models,they are easy to expose to various kinds of risks including plagiarism,illegal copy,and misuse.To address these issues,we introduce FedIPR,a novel ownership verification scheme,by embedding watermarks into FL models to verify the ownership of FL models and protect model intellectual property rights(IPR or IP-right for short).While security is at the core of FL,there are still many articles re-ferred to distributed machine learning with no security guarantee as“federated learning”,which are not satisfied with the FL definition supposed to be.To this end,in this paper,we reiterate the concept of federated learning and propose secure federated learning(SFL),where the ultimate goal is to build trustworthy and safe AI with strong privacy-preserving and IP-right-preserving.We provide a com-prehensive overview of existing works,including threats,attacks,and defenses in each phase of SFL from the lifecycle perspective.

关键词： Federated learning privacy-preserving machine learning security decentralized learning intellectual property protection

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基于属性异构网络表示学习的专利交易推荐

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情报学报 2022年第11期41卷 1214-1228页

作者：何喜军吴爽爽武玉英才久然庞婷 chee seng chan 北京工业大学经济与管理学院北京100124 马来亚大学计算机科学与信息技术学院人工智能系吉隆坡50603 新乡医学院网络与信息中心新乡453000

融合异构信息进行专利交易推荐可以促进交易,但存在因忽略专利属性而影响推荐结果的问题。本研究提出基于属性异构网络(attribute heterogeneous network,AHN)表示学习的专利交易推荐模型(patent transaction recommendation based on A... 详细信息

融合异构信息进行专利交易推荐可以促进交易,但存在因忽略专利属性而影响推荐结果的问题。本研究提出基于属性异构网络(attribute heterogeneous network,AHN)表示学习的专利交易推荐模型(patent transaction recommendation based on AHN representation learning,AHNRL-PTR)。首先筛选专利和组织中影响专利交易的属性;其次构建专利交易AHN,然后在AHN中引入网络表示学习,并基于多维高斯分布解决节点表示的不确定性,基于KL散度(Kullback-Leibler divergence)解决节点间距离非对称性。最后,以粤港澳大湾区有效发明授权专利数据进行实证研究,得出结论:第一,相比于metapath2vec、TADW(text-associated DeepWalk)和AHNRL-PTR模型的两个变体方法,AHNRL-PTR模型的推荐精度最高,超过86%,说明融合组织及专利属性,并聚焦节点表示的不确定性和非对称性问题的解决,能大幅提高推荐精度;第二,在非准确指标IntraSim和Popularity上,AHNRL-PTR的表现优于metapath2vec和两个变体方法,反映该方法的推荐结果具有一定的多样性,且可以挖掘推荐冷门专利;第三,基于两个非准确指标将组织聚类为六类,分别为中介型、领域骨干型、研究型、族群型、成长型、专业型,体现了推荐结果的可解释性和个性化水平。本研究可为专利交易智能化推荐服务提供决策支持。

关键词：属性异构网络网络表示学习专利交易推荐

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粤港澳大湾区与旧金山湾区技术转让网络演化模式比较研究

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科技进步与对策 2023年第9期40卷 33-43页

作者：何喜军吴爽爽张佑 chan chee seng 庞婷北京工业大学经济与管理学院北京100124 马来亚大学计算机科学与信息技术学院马来西亚吉隆坡50603

采集2003-2019年粤港澳大湾区(以下简称GBA)和旧金山湾区(以下简称SFBA)发明专利转让数据,从宏观、中观、微观3个维度,分别构建GBA与SFBA的城市间、组织间以及主体间技术转让网络,以探索湾区网络结构特征及演化规律。研究发现:(1)GBA的... 详细信息

采集2003-2019年粤港澳大湾区(以下简称GBA)和旧金山湾区(以下简称SFBA)发明专利转让数据,从宏观、中观、微观3个维度,分别构建GBA与SFBA的城市间、组织间以及主体间技术转让网络,以探索湾区网络结构特征及演化规律。研究发现:(1)GBA的城市间技术转让网络由以“广州”为核心的单核结构向以“深圳-东莞-广州”为核心的多核结构演化,但香港地区、澳门地区与内地核心城市间联系松散,在网络中处于边缘位置,SFBA的城市间网络由以“Santa Clara-San Mateo”为核心的双核结构向以“Santa Clara-San Francisco-San Mateo”为核心的多核结构演化;(2)企业间转让是GBA组织间网络中最重要的转让模式,产学研间转让呈现衰退趋势,金融机构在网络演化中的作用未得到有效发挥,企业与金融机构间的转让是SFBA网络中最重要的模式,且呈现快速增长趋势;(3)SFBA和GBA的主体间技术转让网络均具有高频率小群体和低频率大群体两种结构模式,网络演化由少部分关键主体主导,且形成了基于核心主体的星型转让模式;(4)与SFBA主体间网络相比,GBA网络结构稳定性较低,持续参与技术转让的主体规模较小,主体间技术创新能力差距较大,未能形成优势互补、均衡发展的技术转让互惠模式。

关键词：粤港澳大湾区旧金山湾区技术转让网络演化模式

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Clinical relevance of cancer genome sequencing

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第13期19卷 2011-2018页

作者： chee seng Ku David N Cooper Dimitrios H Roukos Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institute Institute of Medical Genetics School of MedicineCardiff University Department of Surgery Ioannina University School of Medicine Centre for Biosystems and Synthetic Genomic Network Medicine Centre for BioSystems and Genomic Network MedicineIoannina University

The arrival of both high-throughput and bench-top next-generation sequencing technologies and sequence enrichment methods has revolutionized our approach to dissecting the genetic basis of cancer. These technologies have been almost invariably employed in wholegenome sequencing (WGS) and whole-exome sequencing (WES) studies. Both WGS and WES approaches have been widely applied to interrogate the somatic mutational landscape of sporadic cancers and identify novel germline mutations underlying familial cancer syndromes. The clinical implications of cancer genome sequencing have become increasingly clear, for example in diagnostics. In this editorial, we present these advances in the context of research discovery and discuss both the clinical relevance of cancer genome sequencing and the challenges associated with the adoption of these genomic technologies in a clinical setting.

关键词： Next-generation sequencing Exome Cancer Diagnostics Familial cancer syndrome Somatic mutation

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Antiviral activity of traditional Chinese medicinal plants Dryopteris crassirhizoma and Morus alba against dengue virus

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第4期19卷 1085-1096页

作者： Maqsood MARYAM Kian Keong TE Fai Chu WONG Tsun Thai CHAI Gary K K LOW seng Chiew GAN Hui Yee chee Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang 43400Malaysia Faculty of Natural Sciences SBK Women's University QuettaBalochistan 87300Pakistan Department of Chinese Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanSungai Long CampusKajang 43000Malaysia Department of Chemical Science Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Tunku Abdul Rahman(Kampar Campus)Kampar 31900Malaysia Department of Population Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Tunku Abdul Rahman(Sungai Long Campus)Kajang 43000Malaysia Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Tunku Abdul Rahman(Sungai Long Campus)Kajang 43000Malaysia

Dengue virus(DENV) has emerged as a major virus that is spread by mosquitoes. Recently, it has spread to more than a hundred nations but continues to lack specific treatable medication. Many traditional Chinese medicinal(TCM) plants are in practice for dengue fever in dengue endemic regions. These traditional medicines persevere with treatments, which modern medicines lack. The study aims to substantiate the anti-dengue potential of some traditional herbs and make them available for further studies to facilitate TCM users. Twelve TCM plants aqueous extracts were evaluated, which are described as cool herbs used for the diseases with high fever. Lead plants were established through detailed in vitro foci forming unit reduction analysis(FFURA) against all four serotypes and validated through quantitative real-time RT-PCR(q RT-PCR). Four plants potentially inhibited the virus in primary phenotypic in vitro evaluation. Two lead plants Dryopteris crassirhizoma(DC) and Morus alba(MA) were identified with half minimal inhibitory concentration(IC50) 130 and 221 μg m L^-1, respectively, while the selectivity indices(SI) were 4.21 and 4.62, respectively. Lead plants equally inhibited all four serotypes of DENV. Time-of-addition analysis suggested that, DC was active at later stages of viral replication, whereas MA was active during the early stages and even showed some prophylactic activity. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(HPLC/MS) analysis revealed presence of flavonoids. DC and MA are identified as potential anti-dengue plants, active against varied stages of dengue virus replication cycle. These results may serve as the base knowledge for further investigation on their combined treatments or integrative treatment with western medicines, which may improve the overall anti-dengue activity in future.

关键词： dengue virus traditional Chinese medicines TCM complementary medicines plant extracts anti-dengue

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A Rapid Low Power Ultra-Violet Light-Assisted Bacterial Sensor for Coliform Determination

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2013年第10期4卷 1-8页

作者： Jia Shin Ho chee-seng Toh Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) particle-incorporated Prussian blue (PB) sensor for the detection and inactivation of Escherichia coli (E. coli) is developed in this study. The system requires low power ultra-violet (UV) light to photoactivate TiO2 particles and change of signal response is measured immediately upon irradiation using cyclic voltammetry. The generation of free radical species (OH.) and H2O2 from the oxidation of water by the hole (h+) are the main components which cause destruction of cell membrane and eventually result in the inactivation of cell. Our study also shows direct oxidation of cells by h+ as one of the mechanisms for cell inactivation due to the close contact between TiO2 particles and E. coli cells. Highly attractive features of this unique sensor include its ability to be regenerated and reused for at least three times without the use of harsh chemicals, good reproducibility and its specificity in bacteria sensing when tested against organic contaminants, which potentially reduce the operation cost when incorporated into water disinfection system. Its superior performance in detection of total coliform without additional steps of sample treatment is also demonstrated in river water. TiO2 particle-incorporated PB membrane sensor exhibits signal response with higher current output compared to PB-TiO2 coated screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE) due to its porous structure and higher surface area, suggesting its potential development into a powerful and low cost contamination monitoring tool.

关键词： Bacterial Sensor Low Power Cell Inactivation E. coli Coliform Photocatalysis

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Improved Multiple-Scenario Radio Network Dimensioning for WCDMA

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International Journal of Communications, Network and System Sciences 2012年第1期5卷 17-27页

作者： Thiaw seng Ng Teong chee Chuah Yifei Tan 不详

In wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) cellular systems, the coverage radius of a cell depends on its current capacity level. As a result, existing WCDMA radio network dimensioning approaches require that coverage and capacity planning be carried out jointly in an iterative manner in order to obtain the minimum site count needed while fulfilling both coverage and capacity requirements. This requires relatively long computational time, particularly when there are many scenarios or what-if cases to be considered. To overcome this problem, we propose an alternative radio network dimensioning approach where coverage planning and capacity planning can be carried out separately to reduce computational time. Besides, a portion of the values calculated in the initial iteration is preserved in a lookup graph, allowing future what-if analysis to be accomplished rapidly. Simulation results show that, unlike the existing approach, the planning and what-if analysis times of the proposed dimensioning approach are independent of the number of sce-narios considered. Lastly, we present a few case studies and show that the proposed dimensioning method can give the same prediction accuracy as the existing method.

关键词： WCDMA Dimensioning

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Improved Radio Network Dimensioning for Real-Time Polling Service on IEEE 802.16 Wireless Networks with QoS Consideration

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International Journal of Communications, Network and System Sciences 2012年第3期5卷 192-205页

作者： Thiaw seng Ng Teong chee Chuah Yi Fei Tan Faculty of Engineering Multimedia University Cyberjaya Malaysia

Recently, applications of real-time polling service (rtPS) in IEEE 802.16 wireless networks have gained considerable popularity. These applications generate large amounts of real time traffic in the network and thus maintaining the quality of service (QoS) such as packet delay requirement in rtPS dominant networks is critical. Existing dimensioning methodology does not consider QoS parameters of rtPS in network dimensioning. Moreover, exhaustive and time-consuming simulations are required to evaluate the performance and QoS of rtPS. To overcome this problem, we propose an improved radio network dimensioning framework which considers QoS parameters of rtPS in network dimensioning. In this framework, an analytical model is developed to evaluate the capacity and performance of rtPS in IEEE 802.16 wireless networks. The proposed framework provides a fast and accurate means of finding the trade-off between system load and packet delay, thus providing network operators with an analytical tool that jointly considers coverage, capacity and QoS requirements for obtaining the minimum number of sites required. The accuracy of the proposed model is validated through simulations.

关键词： IEEE802.16 Dimensioning Analytical Model Real Time Polling Service QoS

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Has Mandatory IFRS Adoption Improved the Value-Relevance of Intangible Assets for Financial Analysts in European Countries?

Has Mandatory IFRS Adoption Improved the Value-Relevance of ...

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《国际会计研究学刊》首届年会——国际财务报告准则趋同与...

作者： chee seng Cheong Su Jin Kim Ralf Zurbruegg University of Adelaide

This study investigates whether the adoption of IFRS changed the value-relevance of intangible assets for financial analysts.In particular,we hypothesise that the effect of intangible assets on earnings forecast errors may differ between the pre and post-adoption period due to changes in accounting rules for intangible assets introduced by IFRS.We employ a research design to mitigate the effect of other information separate from the financial statements on analysts’forecasts in an attempt to isolate the effect of IFRS on earnings forecast errors.Our findings suggest that mandatory IFRS adoption improved the value-relevance of goodwill and amortisation expenses of intangible assets for financial analysts leading to analysts’higher forecast accuracy in the post-adoption period.However,we also find that the other intangible assets reported under IFRS are positively associated with earnings forecast errors relative to GAAP amounts.

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Optical Sensing Based on Light Coupling Between Two Parallel Long-Period Fiber Gratings

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Photonic Sensors 2011年第3期1卷 204-209页

作者： Kin seng CHIANG Yunqi LIU Qing LIU Yunjiang RAO Department of Electronic Engineering City University of Hong Kong 83 Tat Chee Avenue Hong Kong China Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing & Communications (Min&try of Education) University of Electronic Scienceand Technology of China Chengdu 611731 China Key Lab of Special Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks School of Communication and Information EngineeringShanghai University Shanghai 200072 China

为折射索引和极小的排水量的测量的新光基于紧张的察觉到机制在这篇论文被建议，它基于修改在二个平行长时期的纤维栅栏之间联合的光的数量。有实验和模拟结果的这察觉到的机制的特征被表明。

关键词：光学传感器设计结构自动化技术传感器

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