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Evaluating the performance and influencing factors of three portable black carbon monitors for field measurement

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 320-333页

作者： Liqing Wu Yicheng Shen Fei che Yuzhe Zhang Jian Gao Chong Wang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Jinan Ecological Environmental Protection Grid-Based Supervision Center Jinan 250013China

Black carbon(BC)is associated with adverse human health and climate *** BC spatial distribution imperatively requires low-cost and portable *** portable BC monitors are commercially available,but their accuracy and reliability are not always satisfactory during continuous field *** study evaluated three models of portable black carbon monitors,C12,MA350 and DST,and investigates the factors that affect their *** monitors were tested in urban Beijing,where portable devices running for one month alongside a regular-size reference aethalometer *** study considers several factors that could influence the monitors'performance,including ambient weather,aerosol composition,loading artifacts,and built-in *** results show that MA350and DST present considerable discrepancies to the reference instrument,mainly occurring at lower concentrations(0-500 ng/m^(3))and higher concentrations(2500-8000 ng/m^(3)),*** discrepancies were likely caused by the anomalous noise of MA350 and the loading artifacts of *** study also suggests that the ambient environment has limited influence on the monitors'performance,but loading artifacts and accompanying compensation algorithms can result in unrealistic *** on the evaluation,the study suggests that C12 is the best choice for unsupervised field measurement,DST should be used in scenarios where frequent maintenance is available,and MA350 is suitable for research purposes with post-processing *** study highlights the importance of assigning portable BC monitors to appropriate applications and the need for optimized real-time compensation algorithms.

关键词： Black carbon Aethalometer Loading artifact Performance evaluation Portable device

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LaNi5-NdNi5,LaNi5-CeNi5赝二元系相图和吸氢性能的研究

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物理学报 1984年第6期 770-778页

作者：车广灿俞育德梁敬魁中国科学院物理研究所

本文用X射线衍射和差热分析的方法测定了LaNi5-NdNi5,LaNi5-CeNi5两个赝二元系相图。用X射线衍射线宽化法测定了活化后LaNi5-NdNi5体系的样品晶粒尺寸的各向异性。考查了吸氢性能和第二相存在对LaNi5吸氢性能的影响。测定和计算了两个... 详细信息

本文用X射线衍射和差热分析的方法测定了LaNi5-NdNi5,LaNi5-CeNi5两个赝二元系相图。用X射线衍射线宽化法测定了活化后LaNi5-NdNi5体系的样品晶粒尺寸的各向异性。考查了吸氢性能和第二相存在对LaNi5吸氢性能的影响。测定和计算了两个体系中样品的点阵常数、单胞体积、原了间距吸氢前后的变化。从结构的观点,解释了LaNi5-NdNi5体系中活化后样品晶粒尺寸各向异性的原因。用本实验的结果,解释了RmNi5（Rm代表混合稀土金属）的吸氢量和平台压力的差异。

关键词：吸氢性能 Ni 第二相混合稀土金属吸氢量二元系相图合金样品

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Dysfunction of dendritic cells in tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy

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cancer Communications 2024年第9期44卷 1047-1070页

作者： Jie chen Yuhang Duan Junye che Jianwei Zhu Jecho Institute Co. LtdShanghaiP.R.China Engineering Research Center of Cell&Therapeutic Antibody Ministry of EducationBeijingP.R.China Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of PharmacyShanghaiP.R.China

Dendritic cells(DCs)comprise diverse cell populations that play critical roles in antigen presentation and triggering immune responses in the ***,several factors impair the immune function of DCs and may promote immune evasion in *** the mechanism of DC dysfunction and the diverse functions of heterogeneous DCs in the tumormicroenvironment(TME)is critical for designing effective strategies for cancer *** applications targeting DCs summarized in this report aim to improve immune infiltration and enhance the biological function of DCs to modulate the TME to prevent cancer cells from evading the immune ***,factors in the TME that induce DC dysfunction,such as cytokines,hypoxic environment,tumor exosomes and metabolites,and co-inhibitory molecules,have been ***,several key signaling pathways involved in DC dysfunction and signal-relevant drugs evaluated in clinical trials were ***,this review provides an overview of current clinical immunotherapies targeting DCs,especially therapies with proven clinical outcomes,and explores future developments in DC immunotherapies.

关键词： DCs immunotherapy dendritic cells dysfunction of DCs tumor microenvironment

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FaultMonitoring Strategy for PV System Based on I-V Feature Library

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Energy Engineering 2024年第3期121卷 643-660页

作者： Huaxing Zhao Yanbo che Gang Wen Yijing chen School of Electrical and Information Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin300000China State Grid Shuozhou Electric Power Supply Company Shuozhou036000China China Huaneng Clean Energy Research lnstitute Technology Co. Ltd.Beijing102209China

Long-term use in challenging natural conditions is possible for photovoltaic modules,which are extremely prone to *** to diagnose and address faults in Photovoltaic(PV)power systems in a timely manner can cause permanent damage to PV modules and,in more serious cases,***,research into photovoltaic module defect detection techniques is crucial for the growth of the photovoltaic sector as well as for maintaining national economic prosperity and ensuring public *** the drawbacks of the current real-time and historical data-based methods for monitoring distributed PV systems,this paper proposes a method for monitoring PV systems at the module or string level that can be achieved by monitoring only electrical *** approach doesn’t need a lot of tests to get the operational data of PV modules beforehand and only requires theoretical feature libraries of PV modules through panel parameter *** present operating conditions and the open-circuit and short-circuit faults can be precisely identified by comparing the observed open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current with the corresponding data in the theoretical feature *** that,by comparing the measured maximum power point voltage and current with the corresponding data in the theoretical feature library through the threshold method,aging and shadowing faults can be accurately *** testing was done to see whether the suggested method was *** results show that the proposed technique is able to diagnose open-circuit faults,short-circuit faults,aging faults,and shadowing faults with shadow occlusion above 20%.

关键词： PV system lambert W function threshold method

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Chiral mesostructured hematite with temperature-independent magnetism due to spin confinement

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Nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 2019-2024页

作者： Baiwen Zhang Jing Ai Yingying Duan Te Bai Lu Han Shunai che School of Physics Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China School of chemistry and chemical Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Wuxi Vocational College of Science and Technology Wuxi 214028China School of chemistry and chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesState Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix CompositesShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Hematite(α-Fe_(2)O_(3))is known to undergo conversion from weak ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic as the temperature decreases below the Morin temperature(TM=250 K)due to spin moment rotation occurring during the Morin transition(MT).Herein,we endowed hematite with mesostructured chirality to maintain weak ferromagnetism without *** mesostructured hematite(CMH)nanoparticles were prepared by a hydrothermal method with glutamic acid(Glu)as the symmetry-breaking *** triangular bipyramidal CMH nanoparticles were composed of helically cleaved nanoflakes with twisted crystal ***-cooled(FC)magnetization measurements showed that the magnetic moments of CMH were stabilized without MT within the temperature range of 10–300 *** loop measurements confirmed the weak ferromagnetism of *** enhanced Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction(DMI)was speculated to be responsible for the temperature-independent weak ferromagnetism,in which the spin configuration would be confined with canted antiferromagnetic coupling due to the mesostructured chirality of CMH.

关键词： hematite chiral mesostructure Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction weak ferromagnetism antiferromagnetic material temperature-independent magnetism

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Efficient piezo-assisted near-infrared-light-driven Cr(Ⅵ)reduction over Bi_(2)S_(3) nanowires transformed from ultrathin Bi_(2)WO_(6) nanosheets

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4333-4343页

作者： Qiang Zhang Yuan-Hao cheng Wei Liu Hui-Nan che Yan-Hui Ao Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development On Shallow Lakes Ministry of EducationCollege of EnvironmentHohai UniversityNanjing 210098China

The utilization of piezo-photocatalytic technol ogy for environmental remediation under full spectrum solar light is promising but still ***,one dimensional Bi_(2)S_(3)nanowires,which can utilize both mechanical energy and near-infrared(NIR)light to remov hexavalent chromium(Cr(Ⅵ))efficiently,were synthe sized by a restrained growth *** reaction rat constants of Cr(Ⅵ)reduction in piezo-photocatalyti process under NIR(800–2500 nm)reached 0.334 min^(-1)which were 3.2 and 12.4 times as that of single piezo and photocatalytic *** formation of polarized electri fields and one-dimensional structure allow ultrafast sepa ration of charge carriers,thereby promoting the catalyti ***,due to the strong penetrability o NIR light,the piezo-photocatalysis performance in turbid solutions under NIR light(0.188 min^(-1))was even com parable to that under visible light(0.186 min^(-1)).Thi study provides a new concept on the development of piezo photocatalytic technology for environmental remediation by utilization of NIR light and natural mechanical energy.

关键词： Piezo-photocatalysis NIR light Bi_(2)S_(3)nanowires Cr(Ⅵ)

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All-optical complex field imaging using diffractive processors

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第6期13卷 1122-1139页

作者： Jingxi Li Yuhang Li Tianyi Gan che-Yung Shen Mona Jarrahi Aydogan Ozcan Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA Bioengineering Department University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA California NanoSystems Institute(CNSI) University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA

Complex field imaging,which captures both the amplitude and phase information of input optical fields or objects,can offer rich structural insights into samples,such as their absorption and refractive index ***,conventional image sensors are intensity-based and inherently lack the capability to directly measure the phase distribution of a *** limitation can be overcome using interferometric or holographic methods,often supplemented by iterative phase retrieval algorithms,leading to a considerable increase in hardware complexity and computational ***,we present a complex field imager design that enables snapshot imaging of both the amplitude and quantitative phase information of input fields using an intensity-based sensor array without any digital *** design utilizes successive deep learning-optimized diffractive surfaces that are structured to collectively modulate the input complex field,forming two independent imaging channels that perform amplitude-to-amplitude and phase-to-intensity transformations between the input and output planes within a compact optical design,axially spanning~100 *** intensity distributions of the output fields at these two channels on the sensor plane directly correspond to the amplitude and quantitative phase profiles of the input complex field,eliminating the need for any digital image reconstruction *** experimentally validated the efficacy of our complex field diffractive imager designs through 3D-printed prototypes operating at the terahertz spectrum,with the output amplitude and phase channel images closely aligning with our numerical *** envision that this complex field imager will have various applications in security,biomedical imaging,sensing and material science,among others.

关键词： field. utilize collective

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LiIO3-NaIO3赝二元系相图及其非晶态晶化动力学的研究

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物理学报 1982年第5期 623-632页

作者：梁敬魁车广灿张玉苓中国科学院物理研究所

本文对LiIO3-NaIO3赝二元系的相图,相变,非晶态的形成和稳定性,以及晶化的动力学过程等进行了仔细的研究,LiIO3-NaIO3赝二元系属共晶体系,共晶温度为325℃,共晶点成份为含50m/o LiIO3,用共晶点附近成份的试样,在超过熔点150℃的情况下... 详细信息

本文对LiIO3-NaIO3赝二元系的相图,相变,非晶态的形成和稳定性,以及晶化的动力学过程等进行了仔细的研究,LiIO3-NaIO3赝二元系属共晶体系,共晶温度为325℃,共晶点成份为含50m/o LiIO3,用共晶点附近成份的试样,在超过熔点150℃的情况下首次获得碘酸盐的非晶态,非晶态的存在降低了LiIO3的表观相变温度,强X射线的辐照,各种空气湿度,细粒度等因素都加速非晶态的晶化速率,从二元系非晶态块中,LiIO3晶化的速率与完整性都大于NaIO3,当晶化量y=0.1—0.9时,等温晶化过程符合Johnson-MehI-Avrami方程式y（t）=1-exp（-btn）,Avrami指数n=2—3,晶化速率常数b随温度指数增加,晶化激活能为2.21eV。

关键词：非晶态固态相变赝二元系晶化动力学 LiIO3-NaIO3 二元系相图晶化激活能

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Li2K（IO3）3与Li2NH4（IO3）3的晶体结构

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物理学报 1981年第4期 565-572页

作者：梁敬魁王朝果车广灿中国科学院物理研究所

本文用X射线粉末法测定了Li2K（IO3）3与Li2NH4（IO3）3的晶体结构和原子参数。发现Li3K（IO3）3,Li2NH4（IO3）3与Li2Rb（IO3）3同晶型,属单斜晶系,空间群为P21/α,每个单胞含有四个化合式量。室温的点阵常数分别为α=11.198A,b=11.046... 详细信息

本文用X射线粉末法测定了Li2K（IO3）3与Li2NH4（IO3）3的晶体结构和原子参数。发现Li3K（IO3）3,Li2NH4（IO3）3与Li2Rb（IO3）3同晶型,属单斜晶系,空间群为P21/α,每个单胞含有四个化合式量。室温的点阵常数分别为α=11.198A,b=11.046A,c=8.254A,β=111.53°,及α=11.327A,b=11.078A,c=8.341A,β=111.87°。讨论了二元化合物的形成与离子半径的关系。

关键词： Li2NH4 原子参数 Rb IO3 衍射线晶体结构结晶构造固体结构原子间距 NH 多面体立体几何

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Mechanical properties and damage evolution characteristics of waste tire steel fiber-modified cemented paste backfill

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第7期34卷 909-924页

作者： Shenggen Cao Chiyuan che Yun Zhang Changhao Shan Yang Liu Changzheng Zhao Shuyu Du State Key Laboratory for Fine Exploration and Intelligent Development of Coal Resources School of MinesChina University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China College of Energy Engineering Xi’an University of Science&TechnologyXi’an 710054China

During the process of constructional backfill mining,the cemented paste backfill(CPB)typically exhibits a high degree of brittleness and limited resistance to *** this study,the mechanical and damage evolution characteristics of waste tire steel fiber(WTSF)-modified CPB were studied through uniaxial compression tests,acoustic emission(AE)tests,and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The results showed that the uniaxial compressive strength(UCS)decreased when the WTSF content was 0.5%,1%,and 1.5%.When the WTSF content reached 1%,the UCS of the modified CPB exhibited a minimal decrease(0.37 MPa)compared to that without *** the WTSF content was 0.5%,1%,and 1.5%,peak strain of the WTSF-modified CPB increased by 18%,31.33%,and 81.33%,while the elastic modulus decreased by 21.31%,26.21%,and 45.42%,*** addition of WTSF enhances the activity of AE events in the modified CPB,resulting in a slower progression of the entire failure *** the failure,the modified CPB retained a certain level of load-bearing ***,the failure of the CPB was dominated by tensile *** the addition of WTSF,a gradual increase in the proportion of tensile cracks was observed upon loading the modified CPB sample to the pore compaction *** three-dimensional localization of AE events showed that the WTSF-modified CPB underwent progressive damage during the loading,and the samples still showed good integrity after ***,the response relationship between energy evolution and damage development of WTSF-modified CPB during uniaxial compression was analyzed,and the damage constitutive model of CPB samples with different WTSF contents was *** study provides a theoretical basis for the enhancement of CPB modified by adding WTSF,serving as a valuable reference for the design of CPB constructional backfill.

关键词： Constructional backfill Cemented paste backfill Waste tire steel fiber Acoustic emission Damage characteristics

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