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Interactive effects of carbon dioxide, low temperature, and ultrav｜olet-B radiation on cotton seedling root and shoot morphology and growth

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2016年第4期10卷 607-620页

作者： David BRAND chathurika wijewardana Wei GAO K. Raja REDDY Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Mississippi State University Starkwille MS 39762 USA USDA UVB Monitoring and Research Program Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory and Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 USA

Interactive effects of multiple environmental stresses are predicted to have a negative effect on cotton growth and development and these effects will be exacerbated in the future climate. The objectives of this study were to test the hypothesis that cotton cultivars differ in their responses to multiple environmental factors of （CO2） [400 and 750 μ*** 1 （＋（CO2）], temperature [28/20 and 20/12℃ （-T）], and UV-B radiation [0 and 10 kJ. m2. d ^-1（＋ UV- B）]. A genetic and molecular standard （TM-1） and three modern cotton cultivars （DP1522B2XE PHY496W3R, and ST4747GLB2） were grown in eight sunlit, controlled environment chambers with control treatment 400 μ***^-1 [CO2], 28/21℃ temperature, and 0 kJ UV B. The results showed significant differences among the cultivars for most of the shoot and root parameters. Plants grown under low temperature alone or as a combination with ＋ UV B treatment caused more detrimental effects on root and shoot vigor. Although the elevated CO2 treatments weakened the damaging effects of higher UV-B levels on cotton growth on all cultivars, increased CO2 could not mask the negative effects of low temperature. When comparing all cultivars, genetic standard TM-1 produced the smallest values for the majority of traits under CO2, UV-B, and low temperature either alone or in combination with other treatments. Based on principal component analysis, the four cultivars were classified as tolerant （DP1522B2XF）, intermediate （PHY496W3R and ST4747GLB2） and sensitive （TM-1） to multiple environmental *** temperature was identified as the most damaging treatment to cotton early seedling vigor while elevated CO2 caused the least. Existing variability of cotton cultivars in response tomultiple environmental stresses could allow for selection of cultivars with the best coping ability and higher lint yield for future climate change environments.

关键词： Cotton Climate change winRHIZO Princi-pal component analysis. Stress tolerance.

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Quantifying and Validating Soybean Seed Emergence Model as a Function of Temperature

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2019年第1期10卷 111-124页

作者： Firas Ahmed Alsajri chathurika wijewardana L. Jason Krutz J. Trenton Irby Bobby Golden K. Raja Reddy Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Mississippi State University Mississippi State MS USA Mississippi Water Resources Research Institute Mississippi State University Mississippi State MS USA Delta Research and Extension Center Stoneville MS USA

Developing a model for soybean seed emergence offers a tool producers could use for planting date options and in predicting seedling emergence. In this study, temperature effects on soybean seed emergence were quantified, modeled, and validated. The data for seed emergence model development was generated at varying temperatures, 20°C/12°C, 25°C/17°C, 30°C/22°C, 35°C/27°C, and 40°C/32°C, on two soybean cultivars, Asgrow AG5332 and Progeny P 5333 RY. Time for 50% emergence (t50%) was recorded, and seed emergence rate (SER) was estimated as reciprocal to time at each temperature in both the cultivars. No differences were observed between the cultivars in their response to temperature. A quadratic model (QM) best described the relationship between t50% and SGR and temperature (R2 = 0.93). Two sets of experiments were conducted to validate the model. In Experiment 1, 17 time-series planting date studies with the same cultivars were used by utilizing diurnal and seasonal changes in temperature conditions. In the second experiment, sunlit growth chambers with 3 different day/night temperatures, low—20°C/12°C, optimum—30°C/22°C, and high—40°C/32°C, and 64 soybean cultivars belonging MG III, IV, and V, were used. Air temperature and t50 were recorded, and SGR was estimated in all experiments. No differences were recorded among the cultivars for t50% and SGR, but differences were observed among seeding date and temperature experiments. We tested QM and traditionally used Growing Degree Days models against the data collected in validation experiments. Both the model simulations predictions agreed closely with the observed data. Based on model statistics, R2, root mean square errors (RMSE), and comparison of observations and predictions to assess model performance, the QM model performed better than the GDD model for soybean seed emergence under a wide range of cultivars and environmental conditions.

关键词： Growing Degree Days Model Seed Emergence Soybean Temperature

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Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infected population during the second and third epidemiological waves in Sri Lanka

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2023年第1期16卷 33-38页

作者： Hewa Babarandage chathurika Harshani Ruvini Tharuka Wijewickrama Gayan Wimalarathne Chrishan Jude S Jayamaha Janaki I Abeynayake Medical Research Institute Colombo-08Sri Lanka

Objective:To analyze data on socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infected population whose samples were received from Medical Research Institute,Sri ***:Laboratory based retrospective study was done on patient samples which were tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by National Reference Virology Laboratory at the Medical Research Institute,Sri Lanka,from November,2020 to November,*** on sociodemographic characteristics and clinical presentation of 13126 patients were ***:The mean age of the study population was(36.0±7.2)years and the majority were men(64.0%).The highest number of positive cases were found in the 21-30 years-of-age *** distinct peaks were noted in the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 positive *** addition,42.5%of the positive samples tested positive(42.5%)were from Medical Officer of Health collection ***,60.6%(7951)of the infected subjects were asymptomatic whereas the remaining were *** highest percentage of symptomatic patients were observed in the 91-100 years-of-age group while the highest asymptomatic subjects were found in the 31-40 years-of-age *** percentage of asymptomatic children(65.3%)was significantly(P<0.05)higher than that of adults(43.4%).Conclusions:The findings of this study aid decision makers to focus on the vulnerable groups,and geographic and temporal distribution of patients in the public health strategies that aim at preventing the spread of the disease and reducinig its mortalities.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Socio-demographic Clinical

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Cetacean occurrence and diversity in whale-watching waters off Mirissa,Southern Sri Lanka

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Integrative Zoology 2021年第4期16卷 462-476页

作者： Dissanayake Mudiyanselage Rajitha SANKALPA Elle Pathirathnalage Darshana Nuwan THILAKARATHNE Wenzhi LIN Vidusanka THILAKANAYAKA chathurika Piumi KUMARASINGHE Mingming LIU Mingli LIN Songhai LI Marine Mammal and Marine Bioacoustics Laboratory Institute of Deep-sea Science and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesSanyaChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Department of Animal Science Faculty of Animal Science and Export AgricultureUva Wellassa UniversitySri Lanka South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina Department of Oceanography and Marine Geology Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences and TechnologyUniversity of RuhunaWellamadamaMataraSri Lanka

Scientific information is vital to the conservation of cetaceans and the management of whale-watching *** southern coastal waters of Sri Lanka are near a narrow continental shelf and biologically abundant in cetacean *** the occurrence of cetaceans has been investigated in certain waters of Sri Lanka,few surveys have been conducted along the southern *** fill this gap,we conducted boat-based surveys from January to May 2017 to investigate the occurrence,diversity,and behavior of cetaceans in the waters off Mirissa,covering a survey area of 788.9 *** 55 survey days,we recorded a total of 242 cetacean sightings and identified at least 9 species(3 mysticetes and 6 odontocetes).The blue whale was the most common mysticete species(167 of 174 mysticete encounters),followed by the Omura’s whale(4 of 174)and Bryde’s whale(3 of 174).The spinner dolphin was the most common odontocete species(28 of 68 odontocete encounters),followed by the sperm whale(18 of 68),common bottlenose dolphin(13 of 68),short-finned pilot whale(5 of 68),melon-headed whale(2 of 68),and killer *** whales and sperm whales exhibited a clear preference for outer shelf and high slope areas,and blue whales were observed feeding along these *** present study provides near-baseline information on cetacean occurrence and diversity in whale-watching waters off southern Sri Lanka,and highlights the urgent need for proper management strategies for whale-watching activities.

关键词： cetaceans diversity index dolphins Sri Lanka whale-watching

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