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Drying conditions in Switzerland-indication from a 35-year Landsat time-series analysis of vegetation water content estimates to support SDGs

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Big Earth Data 2021年第4期5卷 445-475页

作者： charlotte Poussin Alexandrine massot Christian Ginzler Dominique Weber Bruno Chatenoux Pierre Lacroix Thomas Piller Liliane Nguyen Gregory Giuliani Institute for Environmental Sciences University of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSLBirmensdorfSwitzerland Institute for Environmental Sciences Gap Non-linearity and Climate GroupUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland

Exacerbated by climate change,Europe has experienced series of hot and dry summer since the beginning of the 21st *** importance of land conditions became an international concern with a dedicated sustainable development goal(SDG),the SDG *** calls for developing and finding innovative solu-tions to follow and evaluate impacts of changing land condi-tions induced by various driving *** Switzerland,drought risk will significantly increase in the coming decades with severe consequences on agriculture,energy production and *** this paper,we used a 35-year satellite-derived annual and seasonal times-series of normalized difference water index(NDWI)to follow vegetation water content evolution at different spatial and temporal scales across Switzerland and related them to temperature and precipitation to investigate possible responses of changing climatic *** indicate that there is a small and slow drying tendency at the country scale with a NDWI mean decreasing slope of−0.22%/year for the 23%significant pixels across *** tendency is mostly visible below 2000 m above sea level(m.a.s.l.)and in all biogeographical *** Southern Alps regions appear to be more responsive to changing drying conditions with a significant and slight negative NDWI trend(−0.39%/year)over the last 35 ***,NDWI values are mostly a func-tion of temperature at elevations below the tree line rather than *** suggest that multi-annual and seasonal NDWI can be a valuable indicator to monitor vegetation water content at different scales,but other components such as land cover type and evapotranspiration should be considered to better characterize NDWI *** Earth Observations data can provide valuable complementary obser-vations for national statistics on the ecological state of vegeta-tion to support SDG 15 to monitor land affected by drying conditions.

关键词： Climate change vegetation NDWI Landsat drought SDG 15 land degradation ecosystems Earth Observation big Earth data Switzerland

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Rural Urban Sustainability in malinalco, mexico

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2015年第12期4卷 657-660页

作者： Edmundo Arias Tortes Arturo mier y Terám charlotte Rennuit mexican Institute of Appropriate Technology Mexico City 07279 Mexico Faculty of Architecture National Autonomous University of Mexico Mexico City 04510 Mexico Faculty of Engineering Institute of Chemical Engineering Biotechnology and Environmental Technology University of SouthernDenmark Southern Denmark 5230 Denmark

Design of a rural-urban sustainable consists six small businesses that use appropriate technologies, human work and natural resources of the region. The six sustainable technological-economic activities will be localized in a single field, so, there is interaction between all activities and workers. The site also have to educate the surrounding communities to environmental issues. It is also a demonstration of how to improve the economic development of a region without damaging the environment. The proposal is to create a cooperative society with interested persons of the area and working groups for the six proposed technical and economic activities.

关键词： Sustainable development appropriate technologies community empowerment rural cooperative.

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Long-term outcomes of interventions for radiation-induced xerostomia:A review

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2019年第1期10卷 1-13页

作者： Sung Jun ma charlotte I Rivers Lucas m Serra Anurag K Singh University at Buffalo The State University of New York Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Department of Radiation medicine Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center

Xerostomia, or dry mouth, is a significant problem affecting quality of life in patients treated with radiation therapy for head and neck cancer. Strategies for reduction of xerostomia burden vary widely, with options including: sialagogue medications, saliva substitutes, acupuncture, vitamins, hyperbaric oxygen,submandibular gland transfer, and acupuncture or associated treatments. In this review, we sought to evaluate long-term outcomes of patients treated with various interventions for radiation-induced xerostomia. A literature search was performed using the terms "xerostomia" and "radiation" or "radiotherapy"; all prospective clinical trials were evaluated, and only studies that reported 1 year follow up were included. The search results yielded 2193 studies, 1977 of which were in English. Of those, 304 were clinical trials or clinical studies. After abstract review, 23 trials were included in the review evaluating the following treatment modalities: pilocarpine(three); cevimeline(one); amifostine(eleven);submandibular gland transfer(five); acupuncture like transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation(ALTENS)(one); hyperbaric oxygen(one); and acupuncture(one). Pilocarpine, cevimeline, and amifostine have been shown in some studies to improve xerostomia outcomes, at the cost of toxicity. ALTENS has similar efficacy with fewer side effects. Submandibular gland transfer is effective but requires an elective surgery, and thus may not always be appropriate or *** use of intensity-modulated radiation therapy, in addition to dose deescalation in select patients, may result in fewer patients with late xerostomia,reducing the need for additional interventions.

关键词： Xerostomia Radiation therapy Radiotherapy Head and neck cancer Quality of life

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Prenatal Diagnosis of Congenital malformations in Douala General Hospital

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2015年第15期5卷 839-848页

作者： Tchente Nguefack charlotte Nzesseu Djomo Aurore Brulet charlotte Barla Esther Belley Priso Eugene Faculty of medicine and Pharmaceutics Science University of Douala Douala Cameroon Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Health Science University of Mountains Bagangté Cameroon Cabinet médical Dr Brulet Douala Cameroon Pediatrics Unit Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of medicine and Biomedical Science University of Yaoundé Yaoundé Cameroon

To determine the prevalence of congenital malformations and the proportion of cases diagnosed before birth;to specify this proportion according to the type of malformation and the sonographer qualification. methods: It was a cross-sectional study carried out at the Douala General Hospital in the obstetric and neonatal units over a period of 42 months, from January 2008 to June 2012. The procedure consisted of;firstly an explanation of the study purpose with consent of parents obtained, thereafter, the parents were interviewed and data extracted from their files. The new born had a complete clinical exam. morphological and biological assessment were done to ascertain diagnosis if needed. They were then followed up for 48 hours. Data were analysed using SPSS. Statistical analyses were mainly descriptive: mean, median, mode and frequency were calculated. Results: During this period, 6048 neonates were examined, 99 of whom had a malformation giving a prevalence of 1.64%. musculoskeletal defects were the most common (36.4%), followed by digestive tract defects (22.2%). Ultrasounds were carried out mainly in the second term. Among the malformed babies, only 16.2% were diagnosed during the prenatal period. The obstetricians did better than radiologist in the prenatal diagnosis of congenital malformations. All the urinary tract malformations and 33.3% of the polymalformations were diagnosed by prenatal echography. Among the malformed babies, 33% died within the first 48 hours of life and poly-malformed babies were more concerned (66.7%). Conclusion: The prevalence of congenital birth defect was 1.64%. The rate of prenatal diagnosis remained low, meanwhile one third of the affected babies die after births. An early diagnosis would anticipate on medical care at birth and allow therapeutics abortions when indicated.

关键词： Birth Defects Prevalence Antenatal Diagnosis Outcome Douala Cameroon

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Impact of aspiration catheter size on first-pass effect in the combined use of contact aspiration and stent retriever technique

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第4期6卷 553-560页

作者： Carlos Pérez-García Christian maegerlein Santiago Rosati charlotte Rüther Carlos Gómez-Escalonilla Claus Zimmer Juan Arrazola maria Teresa Berndt manuel moreu Interventional Neuroradiology Hospital Clinico Universitario San CarlosMadridSpain Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universitat MunchenMunchenBayernGermany Neurology Hospital Clinico Universitario San CarlosMadridSpain Radiology Hospital Clinico Universitario San CarlosMadridSpain

Background and purpose The first-pass effect(FPE),defined as a first-pass Expanded Treatment in Cerebral Ischaemia(eTICI)2c/3 reperfusion,has emerged as a key metric of efficacy in mechanical thrombectomy(mT)for acute ischaemic *** proximal balloon occlusion together with direct thrombus aspiration during stent retriever thrombectomy(PROTECT)-PLUS technique consists in the use of a balloon guide catheter and a combined mT approach involving contact aspiration and a stent *** aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness and safety of the PROTECT-PLUS technique using distal aspiration catheters(DACs)with different inner diameters by comparing the large-bore DAC Catalyst 7 versus the use of medium-bore *** Retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database of patients treated with PROTECT-PLUS using Catalyst 7,Catalyst 6 or Catalyst 5 with an occlusion of either the terminal carotid artery or the m1 or m2 segments of the middle cerebral artery from 2018 to 2020 in two comprehensive stroke *** characteristics and procedural,safety and clinical outcomes were compared between *** logistic regression analysis was performed in order to find independent predictors of *** We identified 238 consecutive patients treated with PROTECT-PLUS as front-line approach using Catalyst 7(n=86),Catalyst 6(n=78)and Catalyst 5(n=76).The rate of FPE was higher with Catalyst 7(54%)than Catalyst 6(33%,p=0.009)and Catalyst 5(32%,p=0.005),in addition to higher final eTICI 2c/3 reperfusion rates,shorter procedural times,lower need of rescue therapy and fewer procedure-related *** multivariable analysis the sole independent factor associated to FPE was the use of Catalyst 7(OR 2.34;95%CI 1.19 to 4.58;p=0.014).Conclusion Further development of combined mT by incorporating larger-bore aspiration catheters is associated with higher reperfusion rates,shorter procedure times,and lower need of rescue therapy wh

关键词： shorter effect maintained

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Stereotactic body radiation therapy for non-small cell lung cancer:A review

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2019年第1期10卷 14-27页

作者： Kavitha m Prezzano Sung Jun ma Gregory m Hermann charlotte I Rivers Jorge A Gomez-Suescun Anurag K Singh University at Buffalo the State University of New York Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Department of Radiation medicine Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center

Stereotactic body radiation therapy(SBRT) is the treatment of choice for medically inoperable patients with early stage non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). A literature search primarily based on Pubmed electronic databases was completed in July 2018. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were determined prior to the search, and only prospective clinical trials were included. Nineteen trials from 2005 to 2018 met the inclusion criteria, reporting the outcomes of 1434 patients with central and peripheral early stage NSCLC. Patient eligibility,prescription dose and delivery, and follow up duration varied widely. Threeyears overall survival ranged from 43% to 95% with loco-regional control of up to 98% at 3 years. Up to 33% of patients failed distantly after SBRT at 3 years. SBRT was generally well tolerated with 10%-30% grade 3-4 toxicities and a few treatment-related deaths. No differences in outcomes were observed between conventionally fractionated radiation therapy and SBRT, central and peripheral lung tumors, or inoperable and operable patients. SBRT remains a reasonable treatment option for medically inoperable and select operable patients with early stage NSCLC. SBRT has shown excellent local and regional control with toxicity rates equivalent to surgery. Decreasing fractionation schedules have been consistently shown to be both safe and effective. Distant failure is common, and chemotherapy may be considered for select patients. However, the survival benefit of additional interventions, such as chemotherapy, for early stage NSCLC treated with SBRT remains unclear.

关键词： Lung cancer Non-small cell lung cancer Stereotactic body radiation therapy Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy Distant failure

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Using data from‘visible’populations to estimate the size and importance of‘hidden’populations in an epidemic:A modelling technique

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Infectious Disease modelling 2020年第1期5卷 798-813页

作者： Anna m.Foss Holly J.Prudden Kate m.mitchell michael Pickles Reynold Washington Anna E.Phillips michel Alary marie-Claude Boily Stephen moses charlotte H.Watts Peter T.Vickerman Department of Global Health and Development and Centre for mathematical modelling of Infectious Diseases London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine15-17 Tavistock PlaceLondonWC1H 9SHUK Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology School of Public HealthImperial College LondonMedical School BuildingSt Mary’s CampusNorfolk PlaceLondonW21PGUK St John’s Research Institute 100 Feet RoadJohn NagarKoramangalaBangalore560034KarnatakaIndia Department of Community Health Sciences Max Rady College of MedicineRady Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of ManitobaS113-750 Bannatyne AvenueWinnipegManitobaR3E 0W3Canada Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-UniversitéLaval 1050 Chemin Ste-FoyQuébec(Qc)G1S 4L8Canada Département de médecine sociale et préventive Facultéde médecineUniversitéLaval1050avenue de la MédecineQuébec(Qc)G1V 0A6Canada

We used reported behavioural data from cisgender men who have sex with men and transgender women(mSm/TGW)in Bangalore,mainly collected from‘hot-spot’locations that attract mSm/TGW,to illustrate a technique to deal with potential issues with the representativeness of this sample.A deterministic dynamic model of HIV transmission was developed,incorporating three subgroups of mSm/TGW,grouped according to their reported predominant sexual role(insertive,receptive or versatile).Using mathematical modelling and data triangulation for‘balancing’numbers of partners and role preferences,we compared three different approaches to determine if our technique could be useful for inferring characteristics of a more‘hidden’insertive mSm subpopulation,and explored their potential importance for the HIV *** for 2009 across all three approaches suggest that HIV prevalence among insertive mSm was likely to be less than half that recorded in the surveys(4.5e6.5%versus 13.1%),but that the relative size of this subgroup was over four times larger(61e69%of all mSm/TGW versus 15%).We infer that the insertive mSm accounted for 10e20%of all prevalent HIV infections among urban males aged *** modelling can be used with data on‘visible’mSm/TGW to provide insights into the characteristics of‘hidden’mSm.A greater understanding of the sexual behaviour of all mSm/TGW is important for effective HIV *** broadly,a hidden subgroup with a lower infectious disease prevalence than more visible subgroups,has the potential to contain more infections,if the hidden subgroup is considerably larger in size.

关键词： HIV Infectious diseases mathematical modelling men who have sex with men Transgender women India

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The role of modern immunotherapy in metastatic urothelial cancer:mini review

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Journal of Cancer metastasis and Treatment 2022年第1期8卷 150-159页

作者： Francesca Jackson-Spence charlotte Toms Yu-Hsuen Yang Leo Jurascheck Julia Choy Lucy Flanders Bernadett Szabados Thomas Powles Barts Cancer Institute Queen Mary University of LondonLondon EC1M 6BQUK Department of medical Oncology St Bartholomew’s HospitalBarts Health NHS TrustLondon EC1A 7BEUK

The approval of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)has changed the treatment landscape in many aspects of urothelial cancer(UC),in both non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer and muscle-invasive bladder cancer and has introduced the concept of long-term remission for some patients in the metastatic ***-line chemotherapy remains superior at achieving initial control of disease compared to front-line immune ***,long-term durable responses are limited by chemotherapy *** maintenance approach,sequencing chemotherapy with ICIs,could be considered a best of both worlds approach,achieving initial control with chemotherapy,which is maintained in some individuals with ***,outcomes for patients with metastatic UC remain *** are three steps to improving outcomes for these patients;the first is to develop better drugs and combinations of therapies,the second is the development of novel biomarkers and techniques to better select patients for treatment,and the third area of development is to give the drugs in the most optimal setting.

关键词： metastatic urothelial cancer bladder cancer immune therapy immune checkpoint inhibitors biomarkers

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2024 Adult Compendium of Physical Activities:A third update of the energy costs of human activities

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 6-12页

作者： Stephen D.Herrmann Erik A.Willis Barbara E.Ainsworth Tiago V.Barreira mary Hastert Chelsea L.Kracht John m.Schuna Jr. Zhenghui Cai minghui Quan Catrine Tudor-Locke melicia C.Whitt-Glover David R. Jacobs Jr. Kansas Center for metabolism and Obesity Research University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Division of Physical Activity and Weight management Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Exercise Science Department Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY 13244USA Clinical Sciences Division Pennington Biomedical Research CenterBaton RougeLA 70808USA School of Exercise and Sport Science Oregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA College of Health and Human Services University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223USA Gramercy Research Group KnightdaleNC 27545USA Division of Epidemiology and Community Health School of Public HealthUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55454USA

Background:The Compendium of Physical Activities was published in 1993 to improve the comparability of energy expenditure values assigned to self-reported physical activity(PA)across *** original version was updated in 2000,and again in 2011,and has been widely used to support PA research,practice,and public health ***:This 2024 update was tailored for adults 19-59 years of age by removing data from those≥60 *** a systematic review and supplementary searches,we identified new activities and their associated measured metabolic equivalent(mET)values(using indirect calorimetry)published since *** replaced estimated mETs with measured values when ***:We screened 32,173 abstracts and 1507 full-text papers and extracted 2356 PA energy expenditure values from 701 *** added303 new PAs and adjusted 176 existing mET values and descriptions to reflect the addition of new data and removal of mETs for older *** added a major Heading(Video Games).The 2024 Adult Compendium includes 1114 PAs(912 with measured and 202 with estimated values)across 22 major ***:This comprehensive update and refinement led to the creation of The 2024 Adult Compendium,which has utility across research,public health,education,and healthcare domains,as well as in the development of consumer health *** new website with the complete lists of PAs and supporting resources is available at https://***.

关键词： Adults Energy expenditure Exercise mET Physical Activities

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Genetic regulators of cytokine responses upon BCG vaccination in children from West Africa

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2023年第6期50卷 434-446页

作者： Collins K.Boahen S.J.C.F.m.moorlag Kristoffer Jarlov Jensen Vasiliki matzaraki Stephanie Fanucchi Ivan monteiro charlotte de Bree Ezio T.Fok musa mhlanga Leo A.B.Joosten Peter Aaby Christine Stabell Benn mihai G.Netea Vinod Kumar Department of Internal medicine and Radboud Institute of molecular Life Sciences(RImLS) Radboud University Medical CenterNjmegen6525 HPthe Netherlands Department of Internal medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases(RCI) Radboud University Medical CenterNjmegen6525 HPthe Netherlands Odense Patient Data Explorative Network University of Southern Denmark/Odense University HospitalOdenseDK-5000Denmark Center for Clinical Research and Prevention Frederiksberg and Bispebjerg HospitalDK-2000FrederiksbergDenmark Lemba Therapeutics Nijmegen6525 GAthe Netherlands Bandim Health Project Indepth NetworkBissaucodex 1004Guinea-Bissau Epigenomics&Single Cell Biophysics Group Department of Cell Biology FNWIRadboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences(RIMLS)Njmegen6525 HPtheNetherlands Department of Human Genetics Radboud University Medical Center6525 HPthe Netherlands Bandim Health Project Statens Serum InstitutCopenhagen SDK-2300Denmark Danish Institute for Advanced Study University of Southern DenmarkOdenseDK-5000Denmark Department of Internal medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases Radboud University Medical CenterNijmegen6525 HPthe Netherlands Department for Immunology and metabolism Life and Medical Sciences Institute(LIMES)University of BonnGermany University of Groningen University Medical Center GroningenDepartment of GeneticsGroningen970o0 RBthe Netherlands Nitte(Deemed to be University) Nitte University Centre for Science Education and Research(NUCSER)Medical Sciences ComplexDeralakatteMangalore575018India

Genetic variation is a key factor influencing cytokine production capacity,but which genetic loci regulate cytokine production before and after vaccination,particularly in African population is ***,we aimed to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)controlling cytokine responses after microbial stimulation in infants of West-African ancestry,comprising of low-birth-weight neonates randomized to bacillus Calmette-Gue rin(BCG)vaccine-at-birth or to the usual delayed ***-wide cytokine cytokine quantitative trait loci(cQTL)mapping revealed 12 independent loci,of which the LINC01082-LINC00917 locus influenced more than half of the cytokine-stimulation pairs ***,nine distinct cQTLs were found among infants randomized to *** validation confirmed that several complement genes affect cytokine response after BCG *** observed a limited overlap of common cQTLs between the West-African infants and cohorts of Western European *** data reveal strong population-specific genetic effects on cytokine production and may indicate new opportunities for therapeutic intervention and vaccine development in African populations.

关键词： Cytokines Geneticvariation West Africa Immunogenomics QTL BCG

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