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Preparation and characterisation of solid dispersions of tanshinone ⅡA, cryptotanshinone and total tanshinones

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2017年第1期12卷 85-97页

作者： Xifeng Zhai Chunguang Li George Binh Lenon charlie C.L.Xue Weize Li Traditional&Complementary Medicine Program School of Health SciencesRMIT UniversityBundooraVictoriaAustralia School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Xi’an Medical UniversityXi’anChina Center for Complementary Medicine Research National Institute of Complementary MedicineUniversity of Western SydneyCampbelltown CampusPenrithNew SouthWalesAustralia

Total tanshinones are lipophilic active constituents extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza *** ⅡA and cryptotanshinone are the major components in total ***, the bioavailability of both compounds is low due to poor water solubility. To enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of tanshinone ⅡA, cryptotanshinone and total tanshinones,three common used hydrophilic carriers including PEG 6000, poloxamer 188 and PVP K30 were used to prepare the solid dispersions at different ratios, respectively. The solid dispersions were characterised by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR). The results of powder X-ray diffraction confirmed the microcrystal state of total tanshinones in solid dispersions and no chemical interaction between total tanshinones and carriers was observed in FTIR spectra. The solubility and dissolution rate of tanshinone ⅡA and cryptotanshinone were significantly increased in all solid dispersions. Regarding tanshinone ⅡA, the solubility and dissolution rate of in solid dispersions prepared with poloxamer 188 were significantly higher than that with PEG 6000 and PVP K30. The higher solubility and dissolution rate of cryptotanshinone were obtained in solid dispersion of PVP K30 than that of PEG 6000 solid dispersions but no significant difference from poloxamer 188 solid dispersions. The results indicate that the superior carrier for preparation of tanshinone ⅡA and total tanshinones solid dispersions is poloxamer 188, and that for cryptotanshinone is PVP K30.

关键词： Cryptotanshinone Tanshinone ⅡA Total tanshinones Solid dispersion Dissolution rate

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Multifunctional role of microRNAs in mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in treatment of diseases

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2020年第11期12卷 1276-1294页

作者： Hui-Kang Xu Li-Jun Chen Si-Ning Zhou Yi-Fei Li charlie Xiang State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated HospitalCollege of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310003Zhejiang ProvinceChina

Mesenchymal stem cells can be replaced by exosomes for the treatment of inflammatory diseases,injury repair,degenerative diseases,and *** are small vesicles rich in a variety of nucleic acids[including messenger RNA,Long non-coding RNA,microRNA(miRNA),and circular RNA],proteins,and *** can be secreted by most cells in the human body and are known to play a key role in the communication of information and material transport between *** exosomes,miRNAs were neglected before their role in various activities of organisms was *** studies have confirmed that miRNAs play a vital role within *** review focuses on the specific role of miRNAs in MSC-derived exosomes(MSC-exosomes)and the methods commonly used by researchers to study miRNAs in *** together,miRNAs from MSC-exosomes display immense potential and practical value,both in basic medicine and future clinical applications,in treating several diseases.

关键词： MicroRNA Mesenchymal stem cells Exosomes Modulation of mesenchymal stem cells Inflammatory diseases Injury repair

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Oral Herbal Medicines for Psoriasis:A Review of Clinical Studies

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2012年第3期18卷 172-178页

作者： Brian H.May Anthony L.ZHANG 卢传坚 charlie C.L.XUE Traditional & Complementary Medicine Research Program Health Innovations Research Institute WHO Collaborating Centre for Traditional Medicine School of Health Sciences RMIT University Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine

Various forms of complementary and alternative medicine are used in *** these,herbal medicines are frequently used as systemic and/or topical interventions either as a replacement for or in conjunction with conventional *** benefit of such use is *** review is to provide an up-to-date review and discussion of the clinical evidence for the main kinds of herbal therapies for *** of the biomedical databases PubMed（including MEDLINE）, EMBASE and CINAHL were conducted in December 2011 which identified 32 clinical studies,all published in *** of these primarily tested topical herbal medicines and were thus *** 12 studies that evaluated systemic use of herbal medicines were included in the *** were case series studies and the other 8 were controlled *** terms of interventions,4 studies tested the systemic use of plant oils combined with marine oils and 8 studies tested multi-ingredient herbal *** clinical evidence for plant and animal derived fatty acids is inconclusive and any benefit appears to be *** the multi-herb formulations,benefits of oral herbal medicines were shown in several studies,however,a number of these studies are not controlled trials,a diversity of interventions are tested and there are methodological issues in the controlled *** conclusion,there is promising evidence in a number of the studies of multi-herb ***,well-designed,adequately powered studies with proper control interventions are needed to further determine the benefits of these *** addition,syndrome differentiation should be incorporated into trial design to ensure effective translation of findings from these studies into Chinese medicine clinical practice.

关键词： psoriasis herbal medicine complementary medicine traditional medicine clinical study review

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Direct reprogramming of induced neural progenitors: a new promising strategy for AD treatment

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2015年第1期4卷 48-53页

作者： Siqiang Lai Min Zhang Dongsheng Xu Yiying Zhang Lisha Qiu Changhai Tian Jialin charlie Zheng Tenth People’s Hospital affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai 200072China University of Nebraska Medical Center OmahaNE 68198-5930USA

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a prominent form of dementia,characterized by aggregation of the amyloidβ-peptide(Aβ)plaques and neurofibrillary tangles,loss of synapses and neurons,and degeneration of cognitive ***,although a variety of medications can relieve some of the symptoms,there is no cure for *** breakthroughs in the stem cell field provide promising strategies for AD *** cells including embryonic stem cells(ESCs),neural stem cells(NSCs),mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs),and induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs)are potentials for AD ***,the limitation of cell sources,safety issues,and ethical issues restrict their applications in ***,the direct reprogramming of induced neural progenitor cells(iNPCs)has shed light on the treatment of *** this review,we will discuss the latest progress,challenges,and potential applications of direct reprogramming in AD treatment.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease Stem cell-based therapy Induced neural progenitor cells

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Chinese medicines for prevention and treatment of human hepatocellular carcinoma: current progress on pharmacological actions and mechanisms

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2015年第3期13卷 142-164页

作者： Xuanbin Wang Ning Wang Fan Cheung Lixing Lao charlie Li Yibin Feng School of Chinese Medicine The University of Hong Kong Laboratory of Chinese Herbal Pharmacology Renmin Hospital Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research School of Pharmacy Hubei University of Medicine California Department of Public Health

Hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC） is one of leading causes of death in the world. Although various treatments have been developed, the therapeutic side effects are far from desirable. Chinese medicines（CMs, including plants, animal parts and minerals） have drawn a great deal of attention in recent years for their potential in the treatment of HCC. Most studies have shown that CMs may be able to retard HCC progression with multiple actions, either alone or in combination with other conventional therapies to improve quality of life in HCC patients. Additionally, CMs are used for preventing HCC occurrence. The aim of this study is to review the potential prophylactic and curative effects of CMs on human HCC and the possible mechanisms that underlie these pharmacological actions. Publications were collected and reviewed from Pub Med and China National Knowledge Infrastructure from 2000 to 2014. Keywords for literature searches include ＂Chinese medicine＂, ＂Chinese herb＂, ＂traditional Chinese Medicine＂, ＂hepatocellular carcinoma＂ and ＂liver cancer＂. CMs in forms of pure compounds, isolated fractions, and composite formulas are included. Combination therapies are also considered. Both in vitro and in vivo efficacies of CMs are being discussed and the translational potential to bedside is to be discussed with clinical cases, which show the actions of CMs on HCC may include tumor growth inhibition, antimetastatic activities, anti-inflammation, anti-liver cancer stem cells, reversal on multi-drug resistance and induction/reduction of oxidative stress. Multiple types of molecules are found to contribute in the above actions. The review paper indicated that CMs might have potential to both prevent HCC occurrence and retard HCC progression with several molecular targets involved.

关键词： medicine,Chinese traditional liver neoplasms hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence disease treating & preventing molecular targets review

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JMJD3 promotes chondrocyte proliferation and hypertrophy during endochondral bone formation in mice

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分子细胞生物学报:英文版 2015年第1期7卷 23-34页

作者： Feng Zhang Longyong Xu Longxia Xu Qing Xu Dangsheng Li Yingzi Yang Gerard Karsenty charlie Degui Chen State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular AndrologyInstitute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyShanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China Department of Pathology State Key Laboratory of Cancer BiologyXijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityShaanxi 710032China Shanghai Information Center for Life Sciences Shanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China National Human Genome Research Institute National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD 20892USA Department of Genetics and Development College of Physicians and SurgeonsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10032USA

JMJD3(KDM6B)is an H3K27me3 demethylase and counteracts polycomb-mediated transcription ***,the function of JMJD3 in vivo is not well *** we show that JMJD3 is highly expressed in cells of the chondrocyte lineage,especially in prehypertrophic and hypertrophic chondrocytes,during endochondral *** deletion of Jmjd3 results in severely decreased proliferation and delayed hypertrophy of chondrocytes,and thereby marked retardation of endochondral ossification in ***,JMJD3 associates with RUNX2 to promote proliferation and hypertrophy of ***,JMJD3 associates with and enhances RUNX2 activity by derepression of Runx2 and Ihh transcription throughits H3K27me3 demethylase *** results demonstrate that JMJD3 is a key epigenetic regulator in the process of cartilage maturation during endochondral bone formation.

关键词： JMJD3 RUNX2 chondrocyte endochondral bone formation

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Transition-metal doped edge sites in vertically aligned MoS2 catalysts for enhanced hydrogen evolution

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Nano Research 2015年第2期8卷 566-575页

作者： Haotian Wang charlie Tsai Desheng Kong Karen Chan Frank Abild-Pedersen Jens K. Norskov Yi Cui Department of Applied Physics Stanford University Stanford CA 93205 USA Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory 2575 Sand Hill Road Menlo Park CA 94025 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford University Stanford CA 94305 USA Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences SLAC NationalAccelerator Laboratory 2575 Sand Hill Road Menlo Park CA 94025 USA .

Highly active and low-cost catalysts for electrochemical reactions such as the hydrogen evolution reaction （HER） are crucial for the development of efficient energy conversion and storage technologies. Theoretical simulations have been instrumental in revealing the correlations between the electronic structure of materials and their catalytic activity, and guide the prediction and development of improved catalysts. However, difficulties in accurately engineering the desired atomic sites lead to challenges in making direct comparisons between experi- mental and theoretical results. In MoS2, the Mo-edge has been demonstrated to be active for HER whereas the S-edge is inert. Using a computational descriptor- based approach, we predict that by incorporating transition metal atoms （Fe, Co, Ni, or Cu） the S-edge site should also become HER active. Vertically standing, edge-terminated MoS2 nanofilms provide a well-defined model system for verifying these predictions. The transition metal doped MoS2 nanofilms show an increase in exchange current densities by at least two-fold, in agreement with the theoretical calculations. This work opens up further opportunities for improving electrochemical catalysts by incorporating promoters into particular atomic sites, and for using well-defined systems in order to understand the origin of the promotion effects.

关键词： molybdenum disulfide chemical vapor deposition doping density functional theory

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Performance of identical rockbolts tested on four dynamic testing rigs employing the direct impact method

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2021年第4期13卷 745-754页

作者： charlie C.Li John Hadjigeorgiou Peter Mikula Greig Knox Bradley Darlington Renee Royer Andrzej Pytlik Michael Hosp Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU) TrondheimNorway University of Toronto TorontoCanada Mikula Geotechnics Pty.Ltd. KalgoorlieAustralia New Concept Mining JohannesburgSouth Africa Sandvik Mining&Rock Technology HeatherbraeAustralia CanmetMINING Natural Resources CanadaOttawaCanada Central Mining Institute KatowicePoland Minova Innovation and Development Ground SupportFeistritzAustria

Impact drop tests are routinely used to examine the dynamic performance of *** impact tests have been carried out in the past decades on independently designed,constructed and operated testing *** laboratory has developed testing procedures;thus,the results are often reported in different ways by various *** inconsistency in testing procedures and reporting formats presents a challenge when comparing results from different laboratories.A series of impact tests of identical rockbolts was carried out using the direct impact method(*** mass free-fall method)on the rigs in four laboratories in different *** purpose of these tests was to investigate the level of consistency in the results from the four *** rig demonstrated a high level of repeatability,but differences existed between the various *** differences would suggest that there is noticeable equipment-dependent bias when test results obtained from different laboratories are *** was also observed that the energy dissipated for the plastic displacement of the bolt was smaller than the impact energy in the *** average impact load(AIL)and the ultimate plastic displacement(D)of the bolt describe the ultimate dynamic performance of the *** the case where the bolt does not rupture,the specific plastic energy(SPE)is an appropriate parameter in describing the impact performance of the *** other relevant parameters are the first peak load(FPL)and the initial stiffness(K)of the bolt *** information from this test series will guide the formulation of standardised testing procedures for dynamic impact tests of rockbolts.

关键词： Dynamic test Drop test Impact test Rockbolt Rock reinforcement Ground support

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A unified framework for isotropic meshing based on narrowband Euclidean distance transformation

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Computational Visual Media 2015年第3期1卷 239-251页

作者： Yuen-Shan Leung Xiaoning Wang Ying He Yong-Jin Liu charlie C.L.Wang School of Computer Engineering Nanyang Technological University Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong

In this paper, we propose a simpleyet-effective method for isotropic meshing relying on Euclidean distance transformation based centroidal Voronoi tessellation(CVT). Our approach improves the performance and robustness of computing CVT on curved domains while simultaneously providing highquality output meshes. While conventional extrinsic methods compute CVTs in the entire volume bounded by the input model, we restrict the computation to a 3D shell of user-controlled thickness. Taking voxels which contain surface samples as sites, we compute the exact Euclidean distance transform on the GPU. Our algorithm is parallel and memory-efficient,and can construct the shell space for resolutions up to 20483 at interactive speed. The 3D centroidal Voronoi tessellation and restricted Voronoi diagrams are also computed efficiently on the GPU. Since the shell space can bridge holes and gaps smaller than a certain tolerance, and tolerate non-manifold edges and degenerate triangles, our algorithm can handle models with such defects, which typically cause conventional remeshing methods to fail. Our method can process implicit surfaces, polyhedral surfaces, and point clouds in a unified framework. Computational results show that our GPU-based isotropic meshing algorithm produces results comparable to state-ofthe-art techniques, but is significantly faster than conventional CPU-based implementations.

关键词： centroidal Voronoi tessellation(CVT) Euclidean distance transformation GPU isotropic meshing polygonal meshes point clouds implicit surfaces

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Role of the gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis: What have we learnt in the past 10 years?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第5期20卷 1192-1210页

作者： Georgina L Hold Megan Smith charlie Grange Euan Robert Watt Emad M El-Omar Indrani Mukhopadhya Gastro-intestinal Research Group Division of Applied Medicine University of Aberdeen Foresterhill

Our understanding of the microbial involvement in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathogenesis has increased exponentially over the past decade. The development of newer molecular tools for the global assessment of the gut microbiome and the identification of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 in 2001 and other susceptibility genes for Crohn’s disease in particular has led to better understanding of the aetiopathogenesis of IBD. The microbial studies have elaborated the normal composition of the gut microbiome and its perturbations in the setting of IBD. This altered microbiome or “dysbiosis” is a key player in the protracted course of inflammation in IBD. Numerous genome-wide association studies have identified further genes involved in gastrointestinal innate immunity (including polymorphisms in genes involved in autophagy: ATG16L1 and IGRM), which have helped elucidate the relationship of the local innate immunity with the adjacent luminal bacteria. These developments have also spurred the search for specific pathogens which may have a role in the metamorphosis of the gut microbiome from a symbiotic entity to a putative pathogenic one. Here we review advances in our understanding of microbial involvement in IBD pathogenesis over the past 10 years and offer insight into how this will shape our therapeutic management of the disease in the coming years.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn’ s disease, Ulcerative colitis, Gut microbiota, Innate immune response, Probiotics, Prebiotics, Faecal transplant

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