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Primary care providers should prescribe aspirin to prevent cardiovascular disease based on benefit−risk ratio,not age

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Family Medicine and Community health 2021年第4期9卷 1-4页

作者： Kyungmann Kim charles h hennekens Lisa Martinez J Michael Gaziano Marc A Pfeffer Bianca Biglione Alexander Gitin Jeanne Bell McCabe Thomas D Cook David L DeMets Sarah K Wood Biostatistics and Medical Informatics University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA Medicine and Population health and Social Medicine Florida Atlantic UniversityCharles E Schmidt College of MedicineBoca RatonFloridaUSA Medicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Medicine University of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFloridaUSA

Recent guidelines restricted aspirin(ASA)in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease(CVD)to patients10%,benefits of ASA will generally outweigh risks of significant *** should be considered only after implementati... 详细信息

Recent guidelines restricted aspirin(ASA)in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease(CVD)to patientshe most comprehensive prior meta-analysis,the Antithrombotic Trialists Collaboration reported a significant 12%reduction in CVD with similar benefit−risk ratios at older *** Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines,four trials were added to an updated *** produced a statistically significant 13%reduction in CVD with 95%confidence limits(0.83 to 0.92)with similar benefits at older ages in each of the *** care providers should make individual decisions whether to prescribe ASA based on benefit−risk ratio,not simply *** the absolute risk of CVD is>10%,benefits of ASA will generally outweigh risks of significant *** should be considered only after implementation of therapeutic lifestyle changes and other drugs of proven benefit such as statins,which are,at the very least,additive to *** perspective is that individual clinical judgements by primary care providers about prescription of ASA in primary prevention of CVD should be based on our evidence-based solution of weighing all the absolute benefits and risks rather than *** strategy would do far more good for far more patients as well as far more good than harm in both developed and developing *** new and novel strategy for primary care providers to consider in prescribing ASA in primary prevention of CVD is the same as the general approach suggested by Professor Geoffrey Rose decades ago.

关键词： prevention aspirin absolute

Function and dysfunction of GEMIN5:understanding a novel neurodevelopmental disorder

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2377-2386页

作者： charles h.Nelson Udai B.Pandey Department of Pediatrics Division of Child NeurologyChildren’s Hospital of PittsburghUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPAUSA Children’s Neuroscience Institute Children’s Hospital of PittsburghUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPAUSA

The recent identification of a neurodevelopmental disorder with cerebellar atrophy and motor dysfunction(NEDCAM)has resulted in an increased interest in GEMIN5,a multifunction RNA-binding *** the largest member of the survival motor neuron complex,GEMIN5 plays a key role in the biogenesis of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins while also exhibiting translational regulatory functions as an independent *** many questions remain regarding both the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of this new disorder,considerable progress has been made in the brief time since its *** this review,we examine GEMIN5 within the context of NEDCAM,focusing on the structure,function,and expression of the protein specifically in regard to the disorder ***,we explore the current animal models of NEDCAM,as well as potential molecular pathways for treatment and future directions of *** review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in our understanding of this unique member of the survival motor neuron complex.

关键词： cerebellar atrophy GEMIN5 neurodevelopmental disorder neurological disease SMN complex

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严重精神疾患与心血管病危险

美国医学会杂志（中文版） 2008年第3期27卷 165-167页

作者： John W. Newcomer, MD ] charles h. hennekens, MD 李呈亿(译) Departments of Psychiatry Psychologyand Medicineand the Center for Clinical StudiesWashington University School of MedicineSt LouisMissouri charles E.Schhmidt College of Biomedical Science Department of Clinical Science and Medical Education and Center of ExcellenceFlorida Atlantic UniversityBoca RatonDepartments of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public HealthUniversity of Miami Miller Sch

在美国以及多数西方发达国家，心血管疾病（cardiovascular disease，CVD），包括冠心病（coronary heart disease，ChD）、卒中和周围血管病，均为主要的死亡原因，并且在整个21世纪情况将依然如此。在2004年，CVD被列为美国的首要死... 详细信息

在美国以及多数西方发达国家，心血管疾病（cardiovascular disease，CVD），包括冠心病（coronary heart disease，ChD）、卒中和周围血管病，均为主要的死亡原因，并且在整个21世纪情况将依然如此。在2004年，CVD被列为美国的首要死亡原因。在全部2398000例死亡中有871517例（36．3％）或者说每2．8例死亡中即有1例死于CVD，其中ChD占52％，卒中占17％。过去几十年来，作为首要死亡原因，

关键词：心血管疾病精神疾患死亡原因病危西方发达国家周围血管病 CVD 冠心病

Bulk geochemistry,Rb-Sr,Sm-Nd,and stable O-h isotope systematics of the Metzimevin high-grade iron ore deposit,Mbalam iron ore district,southern Cameroon

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第4期43卷 677-706页

作者： Samndong Cyril Tufoin Cheo Emmanuel Suh Tabod charles Tabod George Lemewihbwen Ngiamte Department of Geology Mining and Environmental ScienceThe University of BamendaB.P.39BambiliNorth West RegionCameroon Economic Geology Unit Department of GeologyUniversity of BueaP.O.63BueaSouth West RegionCameroon Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceThe University of BamendaB.P.39BambiliNorth West RegionCameroon Department of Geology Pan-African University Life and Earth Sciences Institute(PAULESI)University of IbadanIbadanNigeria

Bulk geochemistry,Sr,Nd,and O-h isotope systematics are reported for the first time on banded iron formation(BIF)-hosted high-grade iron ore at the northwestern segment of Congo Craton(CC).Located in Mbalam iron ore district,Southern Cameroon,Metzimevin iron ore deposit is a hematite-magnetite BIF system,dominated by SiO_(2)+Fe_(2)O_(3)(97.1 to 99.84 wt%),with low concentrations of clastic elements e.g.,Al_(2)O_(3),TiO_(2),and hFSE,depicting a nearly pure chemical *** REE+Y signature of the iron deposit displays strong positive Eu anomaly,strong negative Ce anomaly,and chondritic to superchondritic Y/ho ratios,suggestive of formation by mixed seawater-high temperature hydrothermal fluids in oxidising ***^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr ratios of the BIF are higher than the maximum^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr evolution curves for all Archean reservoirs(bulk silicate earth,Archean crust and Archean seawater),indicating involvement of continentally-derived components during BIF formation and ***Ɛ_(Nd)(t)(+2.26 to+3.77)and Nd model age indicate that chemical constituents for the BIF were derived from undifferentiated crustal source,between 3.002 and 2.88 *** variable and diverse O and h isotope data(−1.9‰to 17.3‰and−57‰to 136‰respectively)indicate that the Metzimevin iron ore formed initially from magmatic plumes and later enriched by magmatic-metamorphic-modified meteoric *** balance calculations indicate mineralisation by combined leaching and precipitation,with an average iron enrichment factor of>2.67 and SiO_(2)depletion factor of>*** is associated with an overall volume reduction of 28.27%,reflecting net leaching and volume collapse of the BIF protholith.

关键词： Bulk geochemistry Rb-Sr Sm-Nd Mitzimevin high-grade iron ore

Lack of validity of self-reported mammography data

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Family Medicine and Community health 2019年第1期7卷 42-53页

作者： Robert S Levine Barbara J Kilbourne Maureen Sanderson Mary K Fadden Maria Pisu Jason L Salemi Maria Carmenza Mejia de Grubb heather O’hara Baqar A husaini Roget J Zoorob charles h hennekens Department of Family and Community Medicine Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA Department of Sociology Tennessee State UniversityNashvilleTennesseeUSA Department of Family and Community Medicine Meharry Medical CollegeNashvilleTennesseeUSA University of Alabama School of Medicine at Birmingham BirminghamAlabamaUSA charles E Schmidt School of Medicine Florida Atlantic UniversityBoca RatonFloridaUSA

This qualitative literature review aimed to describe the totality of peer-reviewed scientific evidence from 1990 to 2017 concerning validity of self-reported *** review included articles about mammography containing the words accuracy,validity,specificity,sensitivity,reliability or reproducibility;titles containing self-report,recall or patient reports,and breast or‘mammo’;and references of identified citations focusing on evaluation of 2-year *** 45 publications meeting the eligibility criteria,2 conducted in 1993 and 1995 at health maintenance organisations in Western USA which primarily served highly educated whites provided support for self-reports of mammography over 2 *** concerns about validity of self-reports included(1)telescoping,(2)biased overestimates particularly among black women,(3)failure to distinguish screening and diagnostic mammography,and(4)failure to address episodic versus consistent mammography *** current totality of evidence supports the need for research to reconsider the validity of self-reported mammography data as well as the feasibility of alternative surveillance data sources to achieve the goals of the healthy People Initiative.

关键词： validity qualitative concerning

Extinction of Light in the Galactic halo: First Observational Evidence of the Interaction of Light and Dark Matter

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Journal of Modern Physics 2024年第8期15卷 1144-1198页

作者： charles h. McGruder III Department of Physics and Astronomy Western Kentucky University Bowling Green USA

We study the distribution of quasars on the celestial sphere according to ground-based SDSS and space-based WISE and Gaia observations. All distributions as a function of galactic latitude, b, exhibit a decrease in quasar frequency well outside the dust in and near the galactic plane. We prove that the observed decrease in quasar frequency at high galactic latitudes is not accompanied by reddening, meaning that it can not be caused by dust. The scattering of light by the circumgalactic gas is negligible because the Thomson scattering cross section is very small. We conclude the observed scattering of light must be caused by dark matter in the galactic halo. We determine the mass and charge of dark matter particles. If the dark matter particle is a fermion its mass, mDMand charge eDM=δe, where e is the elementary charge are: mDM=3.2×10−2eV and δ=3.856×10−5. If however the dark matter particle is spinless then: mDM=0.511eV and δ=2.132×10−4. These values for the charge of a dark matter particle are orders of magnitude higher than the upper limit of the neutrino charge according to laboratory experiments. Consequently, dark matter particles are not charged neutrinos. Since dark matter particles are charged, they must emit and absorb electromagnetic radiation. however, PDM~δ2, or: PDM~1.487×10−9Pe, where Peis the power output of a single electron.

关键词： Milky Way Dark Matter halo (1049)

Cosmological Gravitational Redshift, Spectral Shift and Time in the Taub-NUT Universe

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Journal of Modern Physics 2024年第9期15卷 1448-1459页

作者： charles h. McGruder III Department of Physics and Astronomy Western Kentucky University Bowling Green Kentucky USA

We demonstrate that: 1) The Taub-NUT universe is finite. 2) The Taub-NUT universe is much larger than the maximum observable distance according to the standard theory of cosmology. 3) At large distances the spectral s... 详细信息

关键词： Cosmology General Relativity

Cosmology without the Cosmological Principle and without Violating the Copernican Principle: Taub-NUT Universe

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Journal of Modern Physics 2024年第8期15卷 1069-1096页

作者： charles h. McGruder III Department of Physics and Astronomy Western Kentucky University Bowling Green Kentucky USA

We develop a theory of cosmology, which is not based on the cosmological principle. We achieve this without violating the Copernican principle. It is well known that the gravitational redshift associated with the Schwarzschild solution applied to the distant supernova does not lead to the observed redsift-distance relationship. We show, however, that generalizations of the Schwarzschild metric, the Taub-NUT metrics, do indeed lead to the observed redshift-distance relationship and to the observed time dilation. These universes are not expanding rather the observed cosmological redshift is due to the gravitational redshift associated with these solutions. Time dilation in these stationary universes has the same dependency on redshift that generally has been seen as proof that space is expanding. Our theory resolves the hubble tension.

关键词： Cosmology General Relativity

Three-dimensional numerical analysis of plant-soil hydraulic interactions on pore water pressure of vegetated slope under different rainfall patterns

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第9期16卷 3696-3706页

作者： haowen Guo charles Wang Wai Ng Qi Zhang Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina

Understanding the pore water pressure distribution in unsaturated soil is crucial in predicting shallow landslides triggered by rainfall,mainly when dealing with different temporal patterns of rainfall ***,the hydrological response of vegetated slopes,especially three-dimensional(3D)slopes covered with shrubs,under different rainfall patterns remains unclear and requires further *** address this issue,this study adopts a novel 3D numerical model for simulating hydraulic interactions between the root system of the shrub and the surrounding *** series of numerical parametric studies are conducted to investigate the influences of slope inclination,rainfall pattern and rainfall *** rainfall patterns(advanced,bimodal,delayed,and uniform)and two rainfall durations(4-h intense and 168-h mild rainfall)are considered to study the hydrological response of the *** computed results show that 17%higher transpiration-induced suction is found for a steeper slope,which remains even after a short,intense rainfall with a 100-year return *** extreme rainfalls with advanced(PA),bimodal(PB)and uniform(PU)rainfall patterns need to be considered for the short rainfall duration(4 h),while the delayed(PD)and uniform(PU)rainfall patterns are highly recommended for long rainfall durations(168 h).The presence of plants can improve slope stability markedly under extreme rainfall with a short duration(4 h).For the long duration(168 h),the benefit of the plant in preserving pore-water pressure(PWP)and slope stability may not be sufficient.

关键词： Root-soil interactions Rainfall patterns Slope stability Three-dimensional(3D)