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Health Data Science 2023年第1期3卷 141-159页

作者： charles alba Ruopeng An Division of Computational&Data Sciences Washington University in St LouisSt LouisMOUSA. Brown School Washington University in St LouisSt LouisMOUSA.

Background:Although COVID-19 has disproportionately affected socio-economically vulnerable populations,research on its impact on socio-economic disparities in unhealthy food reliance remains ***:This study uses mobile phone data to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on socio-economic disparities in reliance on convenience stores and fast *** is defined in terms of the proportion of visits to convenience stores out of the total visits to both convenience and grocery stores,and the proportion of visits to fast food restaurants out of the total visits to both fast food and full-service *** to each type of food outlet at the county level were traced and aggregated using mobile phone data before being analyzed with socio-economic demographics and COVID-19 incidence ***:Our findings suggest that a new COVID-19 case per 1,000 population decreased a county’s odds of relying on convenience stores by 3.41%and increased its odds of fast food reliance by 0.72%.As a county’s COVID-19 incidence rate rises by an additional case per 1,000 population,the odds of relying on convenience stores increased by 0.01%,0.02%,and 0.06%for each additional percentage of Hispanics,college-educated residents,and every additional year in median age,*** fast food reliance,as a county’s COVID-19 incidence rate increases by one case per 1,000 population,the odds decreased by 0.003%for every additional percentage of Hispanics but increased by 0.02%for every additional year in the county’s median ***:These results complement existing literature to promote equitable food environments.

关键词： stores restaurant COV

David Jones and charles Olson in Time and Space

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Journal of Foreign Languages and Cultures 2020年第2期4卷 104-113页

作者： charles Alexander Chax Press/University of Houston-Victoria

David Jones and charles Olson concern themselves with large issues of space and time,and how humans are entwined with *** essay seeks to show that Olson's project of space and Jones's with time are very much of the same mettle,that both poems offer a kind of transcendence of one-dimensionality,that time expands to become space,and that,in space,one is confronted with the presence of all time as a *** essay addresses Jones's The Anathemata and a few of his maps and paintings,as well as Olson's Maximus Poems,particularly its visual/spatial poetics.

关键词： time space history map geography

Best practices for model-based and simulation-aided engineering of power transmission and motion control systems

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2019年第1期32卷 186-199页

作者： Jean-charles MARE Institut Clément Ader (CNRS UMR 5312)

This paper deals with the modelling and simulation of aircraft systems, in particular for power transmission and control. It is intended to review, propose and disseminate best practices for making model-based/simulation-aided engineering more efficient at any phase of the system life cycle. The proposals are aimed at creating value, not only by increasing the performance of the product under study but also by shortening the time to market, capitalizing knowledge, mitigating risks and facilitating concurrent engineering. The needs associated with the engineering activities are firstly identified to define a set of requirements for the models. Then, these requirements are used to drive the considerations leading to model development, focusing in particular on the process,modelled physical effects, modelling level, model architecting and concurrent engineering. The third part deals with the model implementation, giving special consideration to the different types of models, causalities, parameterization, implementation and verification. Each part is illustrated by examples related to safety critical actuators.

关键词： Actuator Aerospace Architecture Causality Modelling Motion control Power transmission Simulation

Gottfried Konecny:the ambassador of photogrammetry and remote sensing for 75 years

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2021年第1期24卷 27-32,I0006页

作者： charles K.Toth Department of Civil Environmental and Geodetic EngineeringThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA

A 90th birthday would be a milestone celebration for any person,but exceptionally rare if the person is still active after 75 years of working and serving the photogrammetric and remote sensing communities *** unprecedented career is the motivation to reflect on the technological developments of the past 75 years in the light of Gottfried Konecny’s lifetime achievements.I started to get to know Gottfried not long before he officially retired from the Institute for Photogrammetry and Engineering Surveys in ***,I was not even born when he,as a young and talented scholar supported by the Fulbright Scholarship from the US Government,arrived at the Ohio State University(OSU),which has been my professional home for three *** the second half of Gottfried’s 75-year career,the technological changes have been phenomenal,and,furthermore,shown an accelerating trend in the past few *** is absolutely remarkable how Gottfried has been able to keep up with these rapid changes and advancing technologies and exploits them for mapping and,in general,for all the users of the geospatial field at ***,his open-minded and kind personality has been always a major plus to his technical skills and experiences,and ultimately helped him assist many colleagues to advance their careers,and along the way developed and increased the use of geospatial data and systems in support of many countries worldwide.

关键词： Photogrammetry remote sensing space observation

Enhancing manual P-phase arrival detection and automatic onset time picking in a noisy microseismic data in underground mines

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2018年第4期28卷 683-691页

作者： Mborah charles Ge Maochen Department of Mining and Nuclear Engineering Missouri University of Science and Technology

Accurate detection and picking of the P-phase onset time in noisy microseismic data from underground mines remains a big challenge. Reliable P-phase onset time picking is necessary for accurate source location needed for planning and rescue operations in the event of failures. In this paper, a new technique based on the discrete stationary wavelet transform （DSWT）and higher order statist!cs, is proposed for processing noisy data from underground mines. The objectives of this method are to （1） Improve manual detection and tPicking of P-phase onset; and （ii） provide an automatic means of detecting and picking P-phase onset me accurately. The DSWT is first used to filter the signal over several scales. The manual P-phase onset detection and picking are then obtained by computing the signal energy across selected scales with frequency bands that capture the signal of interest. The automatic P-phase onset, on the other hand, is achieved by using skewness- and kurtosis-based criterion applied to selected scales in a time-frequency domain. The method was tested using synthetic and field data from an underground limestone mine. Results were compared with results obtained by using the short-term to long-term average （STA/LTA） ratio and that by Reference Ge et al. （2009）. The results show that the me!hod provides a more reliable estimate of the P-phase onset arrival than the STA]LTA method when the signal to noise ratio is very low. Also, the results obtained from the field data matched accurately with the results from Reference Ge et al. （2009）.

关键词： Manual P-phase detection Automatic onset picking Noisy microseismic data Kurtosis Skewness

Interaction between animal personality and animal cognition

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Current Zoology 2011年第4期57卷 491-498页

作者： Claudio CARERE charles LOCURTO Department of Ecology and Sustainable Economic Development Centro Ittiogenico Sperimentale Universith degli Studi della Tuscia Borgo Le Saline 01016 Tarquinia (Vt) Italy Department of Psychology College of The Holy Cross 1 College St PO Box 75A Worcester MA 01610 USA

The study of animal personality has attracted considerable attention, as it has revealed a number of similarities in personality between humans and several nonhuman species. At the same time the adaptive value and evolutionary maintenance of different personalities are the subject of debate. Since Pavlov＇s work on dogs, students of comparative cognition have been aware that animals display vast individual differences on cognitive tasks, and that these differences may not be entirely accounted for differences in cognitive abilities. Here, we argue that personality is an important source of variation that may affect cognitive performance and we hypothesise mutual influences between personality and cognition across an individual＇s lifespan. In particular, we suggest that： 1） personality profiles may be markers of different cognitive styles; 2） success or failure in cognitive tasks could affect different personalities differently; 3） ontogenetic changes of personality profiles could be reflected in changes in cognitive performance. The study of such interplay has implications in animal welfare as well as in neuroscience and in translational medicine [Current Zoology 57 （4）： 491-498, 2011].

关键词： Animal personality Coping style Cognition

Debugging Concurrent Software： Advances and Challenges

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2016年第5期31卷 861-868页

作者： Jeff Huang charles Zhang Department of Computer Science and Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 U.S.A. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong China

Concurrency debugging is an extremely important yet challenging problem that has been hampering developer productivity and software reliability in the multicore era. We have worked on this problem in the past eight years and have developed several effective methods and automated tools for helping developers debugging shared memory concurrent programs. This article discusses challenges in concurrency debugging and summarizes our research contributions in four important directions： concurrency bug reproduction, detection, understanding, and fixing. It also discusses other recent advances in tackling these challenges.

关键词： debugging concurrency record and replay

Real-time flood forecast and flood alert map over the Huaihe River Basin in China using a coupled hydro-meteorological modeling system

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2008年第7期51卷 1049-1063页

作者： LIN charles A. Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences and Global Environmental and Climate Change Centre McGill UniversityMontreal Canada H3A 2K6

A coupled hydro-meteorological modeling system is established for real-time flood forecast and flood alert over the Huaihe River Basin in China. The system consists of the mesoscale atmospheric model MC2 (Canadian Mesoscale Compressible Community) that is one-way coupled to the Chinese Xinanjiang distributed hydrological model, a grid-based flow routing model, and a module for acquiring real-time gauge precipitation. The system had been successfully tested in a hindcast mode using 1998 and 2003 flood cases in the basin, and has been running daily in a real-time mode for the summers of 2005 and 2006 over the Wangjiaba sub-basin of the Huaihe River Basin. The MC2 precipitation combined with gauge values is used to drive the Xinanjiang model for hydrograph prediction and production of flood alert map. The performance of the system is illustrated through an examination of real-time flood forecasts for the severe flood case of July 4―15, 2005 over the sub-basin, which was the first and largest flood event encountered to date. The 96-h forecasts of MC2 precipitation are first evaluated using observations from 41 rain gauges over the sub-basin. The forecast hydrograph is then validated with observations at the Wangjiaba outlet of the sub-basin. MC2 precipitation generally compares well with gauge values. The flood peak was predicted well in both timing and intensity in the 96-hour forecast using the combined gauge-MC2 precipitation. The real-time flood alert map can spatially display the propagation of forecast floods over the sub-basin. Our forecast hydrograph was used as opera-tional guidance by the Bureau of Hydrograph, Ministry of Water Resources. Such guidance has been proven very useful for the Office of State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters in operational decision making for flood management. The encouraging results demonstrate the potential of using mesoscale atmospheric model precipitation for real-time flood forecast, which can result in a longer le

关键词： coupled hydro-meteorological modeling system flood forecast flood alert map MC2

Wildfire effects on permafrost and soil moisture in spruce forests of Interior Alaska

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第2期31卷 553-563页

作者： Christopher Potter charles Hugny NASA Ames Research Center Moffett FieldCA 94035USA Interior Alaska Wilderness Consultants NenanaAKUSA

In the summer of 2015,hundreds of forest fires burned across the state of *** uncontrolled wildfires near the town of Tanana on the Yukon River were responsible for the largest portion of the area burned *** July 2017,field measurements were carried out in both unburned and burned forested areas nearly adjacent to one another,all within 15 miles of the village of *** surveys were used to first visually verify locations of different burn severity classes,(low,moderate,or high),estimated in 2016 from Landsat images(collected before and after the 2015 Tanana-area wildfires).Surface and soil profile measurements to 30-cm depth at these same locations were collected for evidence of moss layer and forest biomass *** temperature and moisture content were measured to 30-cm depth,and depth to permafrost was estimated by excavation wherever *** thermal infra-red images of the soil profiles were taken at each site location,and root-zone organic layer samples were extracted for further chemical *** supported the hypothesis that the loss of surface organic layers is a major factor determining post-fire soil water and temperature changes and the depth of permafrost *** the most severely burned forest sites,complete consumption of the living moss organic layer was strongly associated with both warming at the surface layer and increases in soil water content,relative to unburned forest *** temperatures at both 10-cm and 30-cm depths at burned forest sites were higher by 8-10C compared to unburned *** 15 cm,temperatures of unburned sites dropped gradually to frozen levels by 30 cm,while soil temperatures at burned sites remained above 5C to 30-cm *** water content measured at 3 cm at burned sites was commonly in excess of 30%by volume,compared to unburned *** strong correlation between burn index values and depth to permafrost measured across all sites sampled in July 2017 showed tha

关键词： Alaska Landsat Permafrost RdNBR Soil temperature Soil water Wildfire

Aqueous deficiency is a contributor to evaporation-related dry eye disease

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Eye and Vision 2020年第1期7卷 58-63页

作者： charles W.McMonnies School of Optometry and Vision Science University of New South Wales77 Cliff AvenueNorthbridgeSydneyKensingtonNew South Wales 2052Australia

Dry eye disease aetiologies can be classified dichotomously into aqueous deficient and evaporative types although many cases involve combinations of *** diagnosis can be confounded by some features of dry eye disease being common to both *** example,short tear break-up times are prime diagnostic findings of tear instability due to lipid and/or mucin deficiencies,but thin tear layers in aqueous deficient eyes also shorten tear break-up times,even at normal range rates of evaporation in eyes without lipid and/or mucin *** tear instability and short tear film break-up times due to thin tear layers can be independent of lipid and/or mucin deficiency,aqueous deficiency can be another form of evaporation-related dry ***,tear layers which are thickened by punctal occlusion can be less susceptible to tear *** inflamed lacrimal gland producing reduced quantities of warmer tears can be a basis for thin tear layers and tear instability demonstrated by shorter tear break-up *** used clinical tests for aqueous deficiency can be unreliable and less ***,failure to detect or confirm aqueous deficiency as a contributor to short tear break-up times could result in too much weight being given to a diagnosis of meibomian gland *** successful treatment outcomes may be a consequence of failing to detect aqueous *** disease classification by considering aqueous deficiency as a contributor to,or even a form of evaporation-related dry eye,could be the basis for more comprehensive and appropriate treatment *** example,some treatment methods for evaporation-related dry eye might be appropriate for aqueous and mucin-deficient as well as lipid-deficient dry ***-inflammatory treatment for the lacrimal gland as well as the conjunctiva,may result in increased aqueous production,reduced tear temperature,tear instability and evaporation rates as well as lower osmol

关键词： Aqueous deficient Evaporative Dry eyes Tear break-up