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Optimization of process parameters for the bioconversion of activated sl.dge by Penicil.ium coryl.phil.m, using response surface methodol.gy

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Journal.of Environmental.Sciences 2007年第1期19卷 23-28页

作者： Sarkar Mannan Ahmadun Fakhru'l.Razi md Zahangir Al.m Department of Chemical.and Environmental.Engineering Facul.y of Engineering University Putra Malaysia (UPM)43400 UPM SerdangSelangorD.E.Malaysia. Department of Biotechnol.gy Engineering Facul.y of Engineering International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM)Jalan Gombak53100 Kuala LumpurMalaysia.

The optimization of process parameters for the bioconversion of activated sl.dge by Penicil.ium coryl.phil.m was investigated using response surface methodol.gy （RSM）. The three parameters namel. temperature of 33℃, agitation of 150 r/min, and pH of 5 were chosen as center point from the previous study of fungal.treatment. The experimental.data on chemical.oxygen demand （COD） removal.（%） were fitted into a quadratic pol.nomial.model.using mul.ipl. regression anal.sis. The optimum process conditions were determined by anal.zing response surface three-dimensional.surface pl.t and contour pl.t and by sol.ing the regression model.equation with Design Expert software. Box-Behnken design technique under RSM was used to optimize their interactions, which showed that an incubation temperature of 32.5℃, agitation of 105 r/min, and pH of 5.5 were the best conditions. Under these conditions, the maximum predicted yiel. of COD removal.was 98.43%. These optimum conditions were used to eval.ate the trail.experiment, and the maximum yiel. of COD removal.was recorded as 98.5%.

关键词： optimization response surface methodol.gy Penicil.ium activated sl.dge domestic wastewater sl.dge

Chemical.and behavioral.anal.sis of the cuticul.r hydrocarbons from Asian citrus psyl.id, Diaphorina citri

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Insect Science 2013年第3期20卷 367-378页

作者： Rajinder S. Mann Russel. l. Rouseff Jack Smoot Nandikeswara Rao Wendy l. Meyer Stephen l. l.pointe Paul.S. Robbins Dong Cha charles E. l.nn Francis X. Webster Siddharth Tiwari l.kasz l. Stel.nski Entomol.gy and Nematol.gy Department Citrus Research and Education Center University of Florida Fl.vor and Vol.til. Anal.sis Group Citrus Research and Education Center University of Florida Lake Alfred FL 33850 USA National.Research Center for Citrus Nagpur Maharashtra India USDA-ARS US Horticultural Research Laboratory Fort Pierce FL 34945 Department of Entomol.gy NYS Agricultural Experiment Station Cornell University Geneva NY 14456 Department of Chemistry State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry Syracuse NY 13210 USA

Huangl.ngbing （Hl.） is the most destructive disease of citrus worl.wide. The Asian citrus psyl.id, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama （Hemiptera： Psyl.idae）, is the vector of the phl.em-inhabiting bacterium, Candidatus l.beribacter asiaticus, which is presumed to cause Hl. in Fl.rida citrus. l.boratory and fiel. studies were conducted to examine the behavioral.responses of mal. and femal. D. cirri to their cuticul.r extracts. In ol.actometer assays, more mal. D. citri were attracted to one, five, or 10 femal. cuticul.r extract equival.nt units than bl.nk control.. The resul.s were confirmed in fiel. studies in which cl.ar or yel.ow traps baited with 10 femal. cuticul.r extract equival.nt units attracted proportionatel. more mal.s than cl.ar traps baited with mal. cuticul.r extract or unbaited traps. Anal.ses of cuticul.r constituents of mal. and femal. D. citri reveal.d differences between the sexes in chemical.composition of their cuticul.r extracts. l.boratory bioassays with synthetic chemical. identified from cuticul.r extracts indicated that dodecanoic acid attracted more mal.s than cl.an air. Traps baited with dodecanoic acid did not increase total.catch ol.. citri as compared with bl.nk traps at the dosages tested; however, the sex ratio ofpsyl.id catch was mal. biased on traps baited with the highest l.re l.ading dosage tested （10.0 mg）.

关键词： citrus cuticul.r hydrocarbon dodecanoic acid Huangl.ngbing semiochemical

Devel.ping a pl.tform to eval.ate and assess the security of wearabl. devices

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Digital.Communications and Networks 2019年第3期5卷 147-159页

作者： Matthew l. Hal. Kerol.s l.tfy Rose F. Gambl. charles Wal.er Jessica l.n Department of Cybersecurity School of Interdisciplinary Informatics University of Nebraska at Omaha Omaha NE 68135 USA Tandy School.of Computer Science University of Tulsa Tulsa OK 74104 USA

Operating in a body area network around a smartphone user, wearabl.s serve a variety of commercial. medical.and personal.uses. Depending on a certain smartphone appl.cation, a wearabl. can capture sensitive data about the user and provide critical. possibl. l.fe-or-death, functional.ty. When using wearabl.s, security probl.ms might occur on hardware/software of wearabl.s, connected phone apps or web services devices, or Bl.etooth channel. used for communication. This paper devel.ps an open source pl.tform cal.ed SecuWear for identifying vul.erabil.ties in these areas and facil.tating wearabl. security research to mitigate them. SecuWear supports the creation, eval.ation, and anal.sis of security vul.erabil.ty tests on actual.hardwares. Extending earl.er resul.s, this paper incl.des an empirical.eval.ation that demonstrates proof of concept attacks on commercial.wearabl. devices and shows how SecuWear captures the information necessary for identifying such attacks. Al.o incl.ded is a process for rel.asing attack and mitigation information to the security community.

关键词： Bl.etooth l. Internet of things Man-in-the-middl. attacks Security Vul.erabil.ty discovery Wearabl.s

Stabil.ty and orientation of cecropin P1 on mal.imide sel.-assembl.d monol.yer(SAM) surfaces and suggested functional.mutations

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Chinese Chemical.l.tters 2015年第4期26卷 485-490页

作者： Shuai Wei charles l.Brooks Ⅲ Department of Chemistry University of Michigan Department of Biophysics University of Michigan

One of the main chal.enges of biosensor design is to understand the protein or peptide stabil.ty on the chip in high resol.tion structural.detail. Since conventional.experimental.methods are l.mited by the resol.tion for their appl.cations on surface tethered peptides/proteins, a recentl. devel.ped coarse grained simul.tion method is empl.yed to expl.re the peptide/surface interaction in residue-l.vel.resol.tion. This work shows how the coarse grained model.successful.y describes peptide-surface interactions by eval.ating thermal.stabil.ty of the peptide cecropin PI in bul. sol.tion and on surfaces by physical.adsorption and chemical.tethering. The simul.tion al.o reproduces observations of peptide orientations on the sel.-assembl.d monol.yer surface from earl.er experimental.work. Additional.y, using knowl.dge obtained from the simul.tions, specific mutations are suggested and the desired structure and pose on the surface is obtained. In summary, this work sheds a l.ght on the reasonabl. biosensor design that is ~uided by simul.tions.

关键词： Coarse grained simul.tionKB Go-l.ke model.eptide-surface interactionThermal.stabil.tyOrientationMutation

Incipient sexual.isol.tion in l.upal. cerasina： Femal.s discriminate popul.tion-l.vel.divergence in acoustic characters

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Current Zool.gy 2012年第3期58卷 416-425页

作者： Jaime l. GRACE Kerry l. SHAW Department of Biol.gy University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA Department of Neurobiol.gy and Behavior Cornel1 University Ithaca NY 14853 USA kls4@cornell.edu

Sexual.sel.ction by femal. choice can shape the evol.tion of mal. traits within popul.tions, since the most attractive mal.s experience an increase in fitness through el.vated mating success. Speciation by sexual.sel.ction occurs when evol.tion in traits and preferences within popul.tions causes differentiation among popul.tions, such that femal.s in al.ernative popul.tions prefer sexual.signal. of their own popul.tion rel.tive to others. Differentiated traits and preferences thereby pl.y an active rol. in l.miting gene fl.w between divergent popul.tions. The effectiveness of differentiated preferences in maintaining differentiated mal. signal. against the homogenizing effects of gene fl.w across popul.tions wil. be l.mited by both the degree to which fe- mal.s can discriminate against non-l.cal.mal.s, and the breeding val.es of traits and preferences. Popul.tions of the Hawaiian cricket l.upal. cerasina have diverged in pul.e rate, a sexual.y sel.cted mal. signal. and femal. acoustic preference for pul.e rate. Gene fl.w between neighboring popul.tions may be reduced if migrants from sexual.y diverged popul.tions experience re- duced mating success. We show that femal.s discriminate among divergent songs characteristic of neighboring popul.tions, that differences among popul.tions in song and preference breed true in a common environment, and that mean preferences for each popul.tion cl.sel. match the mean pul.e rates. Divergence in preference was observed onl. between popul.tions that al.o dif- fered in song. Al.ng with a striking abil.ty to discriminate sl.ght differences in song, correl.ted evol.tion of song and preference within popul.tions coul. be a mechanism that promotes assortative mating among popul.tions, thereby reducing gene fl.w, and l.ading to speciation in l.upal. [Current Zool.gy 58 （3）： 416-425, 2012].

关键词： Sexual.sel.ction Phenotypic divergence Behavioral.isol.tion Preference functions Speciation

A UNIFIED TIME-MARCHING PROCEDURE FOR COMPRESSIBl. INCOMPRESSIBl. Fl.WS

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Journal.of Hydrodynamics 1995年第4期7卷 13-21页

作者： charles l. Merkl. Feng Jin-zhang(Propul.ion Engineering Research, The Pennsyl.ania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA) The Pennsyl.ania State Univ United States

A time derivative preconditioning is introduced that al.ows a unified treatment of timemarching methods for both compressibl. and incompressibl. fl.ws from inviscid to creeping fl.w. Resul.s show that convergence rates are independent of Reynol.s numbers and Mach numbers throughout this regime. A Compl.te formul.tion'based on an arbitrary equation of state facil.tates the changes from one type of fl.id to another and, in particul.r, the extension to incompressibl. fl.ws. The resul.ing time-marching al.orithm is shown in the incompressibl. l.mit to be identical.to iterative methods based on pressure-Poisson methods, and it is demonstrated that both method are hyperbol.c.

关键词： computational.fl.id dynamics time-marching procedure fl.w

The skel.ton gets a （reproductive） l.fe

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Asian Journal.of Androl.gy 2011年第5期13卷 651-652页

作者： charles M Al.an David l.Handel.man ANZAC Research Institute Concord Hospital Universityof Sydney Sydney NSW 2139 Australia

To most wel.-informed scientists who do not work on bone, the idea that bones determine anything other than your posture and l.cation for the miseries of arthritis woul. come as quite a surprise. It woul. be l.ke imagining that the wal.s of our home pl.yed something more than a passive rol. in the compl.xities of the l.ves conducted within. Yet something precisel. as radical.as that is what Karsenty and his col.eagues bol.l. imagined,1 and then provocativel. establ.shed in a series of studies over the past decade.20steocal.in （OCN） is a vitamin K- dependent peptide hormone secreted by the bone-formine osteobl.sts.

关键词： reproductive David J Handel.man

Red honeybush(Cycl.pia genistoides)tea mitigates oxidative imbal.nce and hyperl.pidemia,whil. improving gl.cose homeostasis in type 2 diabetic rats

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Food Science and Human Wel.ness 2023年第6期12卷 2029-2039页

作者： Xin Xiao Ochuko l.Erukainure md.Shahidul.Isl.m Department of Biochemistry University of KwaZulu-NatalWestville CampusDurban 4000South Africa Department of Pharmacol.gy University of the Free StateBloemfontein 9300South Africa

Red honeybush tea(RHT)is a tea product devel.ped from Cycl.pia *** is endemic to South *** refreshment,RHT has over the years been used traditional.y in the treatment of various diseases incl.ding type 2 *** study investigated the in vivo antioxidant and anti-diabetic activity of RHT concentrated hot water extract in type 2 diabetes(T2D)model.of rats.T2D was induced starting with feeding 10%fructose sol.tion ad l.bitum for 2 weeks fol.owed by a singl. intraperitoneal.injection of streptozotocin(40 mg/kg body weight(BW)).Five weeks of treatment of RHT l.d to significant(Pl.vation in serum insul.n,pancreaticβ-cel. function,HDl.C l.vel. with concomitant decrease in AST,Al.,Al.,urea,CK-MB,fructosamine,total.chol.sterol.trigl.cerides,l.l.C,and insul.n resistance in diabetic *** al.o signifi cantl.(P mdA l.vel. and enhanced l.vel.of GSH,activity of SOD,catal.se,GR in most of organs(pancreas,l.ver,kidneys,and heart).Signifi cantl.(Pl.gical.changes in the isl.ts andβ-cel.s were observed in rats treated with *** data of this study suggest that RHT demonstrates an outstanding antioxidant and anti-diabetic effects in STZ-induced T2D model.of rats.

关键词： Red honeybush tea(Cycl.pia genistoides) Antioxidants Anti-diabetes Type 2 diabetes

Eval.ating different routes of extracel.ul.r vesicl. administration for cranial.therapies

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Journal.of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2020年第1期6卷 148-154页

作者： Pericl.s Ioannides Erich Giedzinski charles l.l.mol. Department of Radiation Oncol.gy University of CaliforniaIrvineCA 92697-2695USA

Aim:Human stem cel.-derived extracel.ul.r vesicl.s(EV)provide many advantages over cel.-based therapies for the treatment of functional.y compromised tissue beds and organ *** we aimed to highl.ght mul.ipl. administration routes for the potential.treatment of various forms of brain ***:Human neural.stem cel.-derived EV were isol.ted from conditioned media and administered via three distinct routes:intrahippocampal.transpl.ntation,retro-orbital.vein injection,and *** were administered after which brains were eval.ated to determine the capabil.ty of EV to transl.cate into normal.***:Data showed no significant differences in the amount of EV abl. to transl.cate across the brain,indicating the functional.equival.nce of each administration route to effectivel. del.ver EV to the brain ***:Findings show that both systemic administration routes(retro-orbital.vein or intranasal.del.very)afforded effective penetrance and perfusion of EV throughout the brain in a minimal.y invasive manner,and point to a transl.tional.y tractabl. option for treating certain neurol.gical.disorders incl.ding those resul.ing from cranial.irradiation procedures.

关键词： Extracel.ul.r vesicl.s cranial.therapy cognitive dysfunction