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Transcriptional Responses to Gibberellin and Abscisic Acid in Barley Aleurone

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2006年第5期48卷 591-612页

作者： Kegui Chen Yong-Qiang charles An Department of Agronomy University of Wisconsin Madison Wl 53706 USA United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Cereal Crops Research Madison Wl 53726 USA

Cereal aleurone has been established as a model system to investigate giberrellin （GA） and absclslc acid （ABA） responses. Using Barley 1 GeneChip, we examined the mRNA accumulation of over 22 000 genes In de-embryonated barley aleurone treated with GA and ABA. We observed that 1 328 genes had more than a threefold change In response to GA treatment, whereas 206 genes had a more than threefold change in response to ABA treatment. Interestingly, approximately 2.5-fold more genes were up-regulated than downregulated by ABA. Eighty-three genes were differentially regulated by both GA and ABA. Most of the genes were subject to antagonistic regulation by ABA and GA, particularly for genes related to seed maturation and germination, such as genes encoding late embryogenesis abundant proteins and storage mobilization enzymes. This supports the antagonistic roles of GA and ABA in seed maturation and seed germination. Interestingly, we observed that a significant percentage of the genes were coordinately regulated by both GA and ABA. Some GA-responsive genes encoded proteins involved in ethylene, Jasmonate, brasslnosterold and auxin metabolic and signaling transducUon pathways, suggesting their potential Interaction with the GA response. We also identified a group of transcription factor genes, such as MYB and Homeobox genes, that were differentially regulated by GA. In addition, a number of GA- and/or ABA-responsive genes encoded components potentially Involved in GA and ABA signal transducUon pathway. Overall, the present study provides a comprehensive and global view of transcript expression accompanying the GA and ABA response in barley aleurone and Identifies a group of genes with potential regulatory functions in GA- and ABA-slgnallng pathways for future functional validation.

关键词： abscisic acid barley gene regulation gibberellin microarray signal transduction.

Electroencephalography studies of hypoxic ischemia in fetal and neonatal animal models

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第5期15卷 828-837页

作者： Hamid Abbasi charles P.Unsworth Department of Engineering Science the University of Auckland

Alongside clinical achievements,experiments conducted on animal models (including primate or non-primate) have been effective in the understanding of various pathophysiological aspects of perinatal hypoxic/ ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).Due to the reasonably fair degree of flexibility with experiments,most of the research around HIE in the literature has been largely concerned with the neurodevelopmental outcome or how the frequency and duration of HI seizures could relate to the severity of perinatal brain injury,following HI *** survey concentrates on how EEG experimental studies using asphyxiated animal models (in rodents,piglets,sheep and non-human primate monkeys) provide a unique opportunity to examine from the exact time of HI event to help gain insights into HIE where human studies become difficult.

关键词： animal models automatic detection clinical EEG fetal HIE hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy neonatal non-human primates review seizure

Capabilities and limitations of 3D printed microserpentines and integrated 3D electrodes for stretchable and conformable biosensor applications

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 1078-1092页

作者： charles Didier Avra Kundu Swaminathan Rajaraman Nanoscience Technology Center(NSTC) University of Central FloridaOrlandoFL 32826USA Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences University of Central FloridaOrlandoFL 32827USA Department of Materials Science&Engineering University of Central FloridaOrlandoFL 32816USA Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering University of Central FloridaOrlandoFL 32816USA

We explore the capabilities and limitations of 3D printed microserpentines(µserpentines)and utilize these structures to develop dynamic 3D microelectrodes for potential applications in in vitro,wearable,and implantable microelectrode arrays(MEAs).The device incorporates optimized 3D printedµserpentine designs with out-of-plane microelectrode structures,integrated on to a flexible Kapton®package with micromolded PDMS *** flexibility of the optimized,printedµserpentine design was calculated through effective stiffness and effective strain equations,so as to allow for analysis of various designs for enhanced *** optimized,down selectedµserpentine design was further sputter coated with 7–70 nm-thick gold and the performance of these coatings was studied for maintenance of conductivity during uniaxial strain ***/conforming analysis of the final devices(3D MEAs with a Kapton®package and PDMS insulation)were performed to qualitatively assess the robustness of the finished device toward dynamic MEA applications.3D microelectrode impedance measurements varied from 4.2 to 5.2 kΩduring the bending process demonstrating a small change and an example application with artificial agarose skin composite model to assess feasibility for basic transdermal electrical recording was further demonstrated.

关键词： microelectrode insulation utilize

Extreme Weather Loss and Damage Estimation Using a Hybrid Simulation Technique

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第4期13卷 592-601页

作者： charles Doktycz Mark Abkowitz Hiba Baroud School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN 37235USA

History has shown that occurrences of extreme weather are becoming more frequent and with greater impact,regardless of one's geographical *** a risk analysis setting,what will happen,how likely it is to happen,and what are the consequences,are motivating questions searching for *** help address these considerations,this study introduced and applied a hybrid simulation model developed for the purpose of improving understanding of the costs of extreme weather events in the form of loss and damage,based on empirical data in the contiguous United *** results are encouraging,showing on average a mean cost estimate within 5%of the historical *** creates opportunities to improve the accuracy in estimating the expected costs of such events for a specific event type and geographic *** turn,by having a more credible price point in determining the cost-effectiveness of various infrastructure adaptation strategies,it can help in making the business case for resilience investment.

关键词： Climate change Cost estimation Extreme weather Loss and damage Loss normalization Monte Carlo simulation

Tumor microenvironment in lung cancer-derived brain metastasis

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第15期135卷 1781-1791页

作者： Wenwen Liu charles A Powell Qi Wang Translational Research Center for Lung Cancer The Second HospitalDalian Medical UniversityDalianLiaoning 116023China Division of Pulmonary Crtical Careand Sleep MedicineIcahn Schol of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA Department of Respiratory Medicine The Second HospitalDalian Medical UniversityDalianLiaoning 116023China.

Brain metastasis(BM)is the leading cause of mortality in lung cancer *** process of BM(from initial primary tumor development,migration and intravasation,dissemination and survival in the bloodstream,extravasation,to colonization and growth to metastases)is a complex process for which few tumor cells complete the entire *** research on BM of lung cancer has recently stressed the essential role of tumor microenvironment(TME)in assisting tumor cells in the completion of each BM *** review summarizes recent studies regarding the effects of TME on tumor cells in the entire process of BM derived from lung *** identification of vulnerable targets in the TME and their prospects to provide novel therapeutic opportunities are also discussed.

关键词： Lung cancer Brain metastasis Tumor microenvironment

Applications of advanced signal processing and machine learning in the neonatal hypoxic-ischemic electroencephalography

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第2期15卷 222-231页

作者： Hamid Abbasi charles P.Unsworth Department of Engineering Science The University of Auckland

Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic-encephalopathy significantly contributes to neonatal death and life-long disability such as cerebral palsy. Advances in signal processing and machine learning have provided the research community with an opportunity to develop automated real-time identification techniques to detect the signs of hypoxic-ischemic-encephalopathy in larger electroencephalography/amplitude-integrated electroencephalography data sets more easily. This review details the recent achievements, performed by a number of prominent research groups across the world, in the automatic identification and classification of hypoxic-ischemic epileptiform neonatal seizures using advanced signal processing and machine learning techniques. This review also addresses the clinical challenges that current automated techniques face in order to be fully utilized by clinicians, and highlights the importance of upgrading the current clinical bedside sampling frequencies to higher sampling rates in order to provide better hypoxic-ischemic biomarker detection frameworks. Additionally, the article highlights that current clinical automated epileptiform detection strategies for human neonates have been only concerned with seizure detection after the therapeutic latent phase of injury. Whereas recent animal studies have demonstrated that the latent phase of opportunity is critically important for early diagnosis of hypoxic-ischemic-encephalopathy electroencephalography biomarkers and although difficult, detection strategies could utilize biomarkers in the latent phase to also predict the onset of future seizures.

关键词： advanced signal processing aEEG automatic detection classification clinical EEG fetal HIE hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy machine learning neonatal seizure real-time identification review

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中国电影中的老年形象和现实美学

文学与文化 2024年第2期 88-98页

作者： [美]罗福林王岫庐(译) 美国弗吉尼亚大学中山大学外国语学院

过去二十年间,来自中国内地、中国香港、中国台湾的纪录片和叙事片都突出了衰老和死亡(即便这并非影片的主题)。这表明,自20世纪30年代中国报告文学出现以来,现实美学在中国现代文化中一直发挥着作用。影片中的现实美学抵消了流行文化... 详细信息

过去二十年间,来自中国内地、中国香港、中国台湾的纪录片和叙事片都突出了衰老和死亡(即便这并非影片的主题)。这表明,自20世纪30年代中国报告文学出现以来,现实美学在中国现代文化中一直发挥着作用。影片中的现实美学抵消了流行文化和主流叙事电影中的社会镇痛效应,给观众一种“真实性检验”。这种检验削弱了美学的意识形态,纠正了主流话语中老龄化和许多与老龄化相关的、颇为敏感的问题。本文比较了口头报告文学中的美学与电影的视觉语言之间的差异,以及老年形象如何阐明这些差异。从流行文化的角度来看,年老体弱的形象恰恰代表了商业娱乐不想看到或展示的东西;他们体现了真实性和社会现实,迫使观众思考不容忽视的问题以及只有老年人才能体现的历史。

关键词：老年人纪录片现实美学

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Botanic gardens should lead the way to create a "Garden Earth" in the Anthropocene

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Plant Diversity 2017年第6期39卷 331-337页

作者： charles H.Cannon Chai-Shian Kua The Center for Tree Science The Morton Arboretum Science and Conservation The Morton Arboretum Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Urban Tree Ecology and Applications

The strength and expertise that botanic gardens bring to conservation are based on their detailed knowledge and understanding of the care. management, and biology of a diversity of plant species. This emphasis on the organism has led to many ex-situ and in-situ conservation programs aimed at protecting endangered species, restoring threatened populations, and establishing living plant and seed collections of endangered species. In China, the scale and pace of change in land and resource use, often leading to environmental degradation, has created a strong emphasis on improving environmental conditions. If done properly, being "green" can be a surprisingly complex issue, because it should encompass and exploit the whole of plant diversity and function. Unfortunately, 'green' often includes a small portion of this whole. Earth's rich plant diversity presents considerable opportunity but requires expertise and knowledge for stable and beneficial management. With the dawning of the Anthropocene, we should strive to live on a "Garden Earth", where we design and manage our environments, both built and natural, to create a healthy, beneficial living landscape for people and other organisms. The staff of botanic gardens worldwide and the living collections they maintain embody the best examples of sustainable, beautiful, and beneficial environments that thrive on plant diversity. This expertise should be a fundamental resource for agencies in all sectors responsible for managing and designing "green" infrastructure. Botanic gardens should actively engage and contribute to these opportunities, from large public infrastructure projects to small private conservation efforts. Here, we discuss several ongoing conservation efforts, primarily in China, and attempt to identify areas where botanic gardens could make a significant and meaningful difference.

关键词： Green infrastructure Botanic garden Ex-situ conservationln-situ conservation Botanical garden

Modelling and simulation of flight control electromechanical actuators with special focus on model architecting, multidisciplinary effects and power flows

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2017年第1期30卷 47-65页

作者： Fu Jian Jean-charles Maré Fu Yongling School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Beihang University Beijing 100083 China Institut Clement Ader (CNRS UMR 5312) INSA-Toulouse Toulouse 31077 France

In the aerospace field, electromechanical actuators are increasingly being implemented in place of conventional hydraulic actuators. For safety-critical embedded actuation applications like flight controls, the use of electromechanical actuators introduces specific issues related to thermal balance, reflected inertia, parasitic motion due to compliance and response to failure. Unfortunately, the physical effects governing the actuator behaviour are multidisciplinary, coupled and nonlinear. Although numerous multi-domain and system-level simulation packages are now available on the market, these effects are rarely addressed as a whole because of a lack of scientific approaches for model architecting, multi-purpose incremental modelling and judicious model implementation. In this publication, virtual prototyping of electromechanical actuators is addressed using the Bond-Graph formalism. New approaches are proposed to enable incremental modelling,thermal balance analysis, response to free-run or jamming faults, impact of compliance on parasitic motion, and influence of temperature. A special focus is placed on friction and compliance of the mechanical transmission with fault injection and temperature dependence. Aileron actuation is used to highlight the proposals for control design, energy consumption and thermal analysis, power network pollution analysis and fault response.

关键词： Bond Graph Electro-hydrostatic actuator Electromechanical actuator More electric aircraft Modelling Power-by-wire Power loss Simulation