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Non-exercise estimated cardiorespiratory fitness and cancer incidence:The NIH-AARP diet and health study

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运动与健康科学(英文) 2023年第6期12卷 739-746页

作者： Baruch Vainshelboim Jonathan Myers charles eMatthews Center for Tobacco Research Division of Medical OncologyDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43214USA Cardiology Division Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System/Stanford UniversityPalo AltoCA 94304USA Metabolic epidemiology Branch Division of Cancer Epidemiology and GeneticsNational Cancer InstituteRockvilleMD 20850USA

Background Non-exercise estimated cardiorespiratory fitness(Nee-CRF)has been shown to be associated with mortality,although its association with cancer incidence is *** study aimed to assess the prospective association between Nee-CRF and cancer incidence in a large cohort of men and *** The National Institutes of Health-American Association of Retired Persons diet and health study is a prospective cohort that included 402,548 participants aged 50–71 years who were free from cancer at baseline(1995–1996)(men(n=238,835)and women(n=163,713))and were followed until December 31,*** exposure variable was Nee-CRF expressed in metabolic ***-CRF was estimated using a validated equation of self-reported predictors on demographics and lifestyle behaviors derived from baseline *** outcomes were total cancer incidence and incidence of prostate,breast,lung,and colorectal *** proportional hazards models were analyzed for the association between Nee-CRF and cancer incidence outcomes adjusted for established cancer risk *** During 13.7±3.2 years of follow-up(mean±SD),64,344 men and 31,315 women developed a new *** every 1-metabolic equivalent higher Nee-CRF,the hazard ratios and 95%confidence intervals(95%CIs)were 0.96(95%CI:0.94–0.97)and 0.88(95%CI:0.84–0.92)of total and colorectal cancer incidence among men,and 0.95(95%CI:0.93–0.97)and 0.94(95%CI:0.91–0.97)of total and breast cancer incidence among women,respectively(all pee-CRF was not associated with incidence of prostate and lung cancers in men or colorectal and lung cancers in *** These results suggest that higher CRF levels,as assessed by the applied non-exercise estimated method,may provide preventive benefits against the development of cancer,while low CRF could potentially serve as a modifiable cancer risk *** Nee-CRF into screening paradigms and referring low-fit individuals to improve CRF could complemen

关键词： Aerobic capacity Breast cancer Cancer risk Colorectal cancer VO_(2max)

Spatial analysis of the osteoarthritis microenvironment: techniques, insights, and applications

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 1-19页

作者： Xiwei Fan Antonia Rujia Sun Reuben S.e.Young Isaac O.Afara Brett R.Hamilton Louis Jun Ye Ong Ross Crawford Indira Prasadam Centre for Biomedical Technologies Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia School of Mechanical Medical&Process EngineeringQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia Central Analytical Research Facility Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia Molecular Horizons University of WollongongWollongongNSWAustralia Department of Technical Physics University of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland School of electrical engineering and Computer Science Faculty of EngineeringArchitecture and Information TechnologyUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia The Prince charles Hospital BrisbaneQLDAustralia

Osteoarthritis(OA)is a debilitating degenerative disease affecting multiple joint tissues,including cartilage,bone,synovium,and adipose *** presents diverse clinical phenotypes and distinct molecular endotypes,including inflammatory,metabolic,mechanical,genetic,and synovial ***,innovative technologies are needed to support the development of effective diagnostic and precision therapeutic *** analysis of bulk OA tissue extracts has limitations due to technical constraints,causing challenges in the differentiation between various physiological and pathological phenotypes in joint *** issue has led to standardization difficulties and hindered the success of clinical *** insights into the spatial variations of the cellular and molecular structures in OA tissues,encompassing DNA,RNA,metabolites,and proteins,as well as their chemical properties,elemental composition,and mechanical attributes,can contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the disease *** resolved biology enables biologists to investigate cells within the context of their tissue microenvironment,providing a more holistic view of cellular *** advances in innovative spatial biology techniques now allow intact tissue sections to be examined using various-omics lenses,such as genomics,transcriptomics,proteomics,and metabolomics,with spatial *** fusion of approaches provides researchers with critical insights into the molecular composition and functions of the cells and tissues at precise spatial ***,advanced imaging techniques,including high-resolution microscopy,hyperspectral imaging,and mass spectrometry imaging,enable the visualization and analysis of the spatial distribution of biomolecules,cells,and *** these molecular imaging outputs to conventional tissue histology can facilitate a more comprehensive characterization of disease *** review summarizes the rec

关键词： insight Spatial enable

Mechanistic insights into the oxidation of catalytically relevant AgCu near-surface alloy interfaces

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Aggregate 2022年第4期3卷 101-107页

作者： Laura A.Cramer Prashant Deshlahra e.charles H.Sykes Department of Chemistry Tufts UniversityMedfordMassachusettsUSA Department of Chemical and Biological engineering Tufts UniversityMedfordMassachusettsUSA

Recent heterogeneous catalysis studies have demonstrated that synergy between Ag and Cu can lead to more selective partial oxidation *** performed a series of scanning tunneling microscope experiments to gain a better understanding of the AgCu system under oxidative *** experiments were carried out by exposing sub-monolayer coverages of Ag on Cu(111),in the form of a near-surface alloy(NSA),to range of oxygen exposures and *** enabled us to study the initial stages of oxidation of well-defined Ag/Cu interfaces with atomic resolution and thereby understand the dynamic response of the AgCu NSA to oxygen *** low oxygen exposures,oxidation was observed on exposed Cu terraces and at the interface between the AgCu NSA and Cu(111).Higher oxygen exposure led to the segregation of Cu atoms up through the Ag layer and the appearance of surface adsorbed *** phase segregation of Cu was then observed at higher oxygen exposures at elevated temperatures,evidenced by the formation of Cu oxide patches within and on the top of the Ag *** results provide a more detailed picture of how AgCu NSAs interact with,and restructure in response to,oxygen.

关键词： alloy bimetallic scanning tunneling microscopy segregation

Commentary on“A modified fixation technique for the cure of buried penis in children”

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2023年第1期25卷 144-145页

作者： Sofia Gereta Adan N Tijerina Safiya-Hana Belbina e charles Osterberg Dell Medical School University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Division of Urology Department of Surgery and Perioperative CareDell Medical SchoolUniversity of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA

Congenital buried penis is an uncommon urological anomaly affecting approximately 0.3%of young children.1 Buried penis occurs when a normal-length penis appears to be externally small,and congenital forms are associated with poor attachment between the penile base and skin,inelastic dartos fascia,inadequate outer penile skin,or excess suprapubic fat deposition.

关键词： buried congenital outer

Shock standards Cu, Ag, Ir, and Pt in a wide pressure range

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Matter and Radiation at extremes 2023年第4期8卷 37-46页

作者： Leonid Burakovsky Dean L.Preston Scott D.Ramsey charles e.Starrett Roy S.Baty Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNew Mexico 87545USA

Although they are polymorphic(multiphase)materials,both copper and silver are reliable Hugoniot standards,and thus it is necessary to establish an accurate analytic model of their principal *** we present analytic forms of their principal Hugoniots,as well as those of iridium and platinum,two“pusher”standards for shock-ramp experiments,over a wide range of *** are based on our new analytic model of the principal Hugoniot[Burakovsky et al.,***.132,215109(2022)].Comparison of the four Hugoniots with experimental and independent theoretical data(such data exist to very high pressures for both copper and silver)demonstrates excellent ***,the new model for copper and silver can be considered as providing the corresponding Hugoniot standards over a wide pressure *** also suggest an approach for calculating the Grüneisen parameter along the Hugoniot and apply it to copper as a prototype,and our results appear to be in good agreement with the available data.

关键词： silver copper analytic

Pelvic fractures in blunt trauma patients:A comparative study

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第5期15卷 418-434页

作者： Alexander A Fokin Joanna Wycech Knight Madison e Tharp Kyler C Brinton Phoebe K Gallagher Justin Fengyuan Xie Russell D Weisz Ivan Puente Trauma and Critical Care Services Delray Medical CenterDelray BeachFL 33484United States charles e Schmidt College of Medicine Department of SurgeryFlorida Atlantic UniversityBoca RatonFL 33431United States Trauma and Critical Care Services Broward Health Medical CenterFort LauderdaleFL 33316United States charles e Schmidt College of Medicine Florida Atlantic UniversityBoca RatonFL 33431United States Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine Department of SurgeryFlorida International UniversityMiamiFL 33199United States

BACKGROUND Pelvic fractures(PF)with concomitant injuries are on the rise due to an increase of high-energy *** of the elderly population with age related comorbidities further complicates the *** organ injuries are kindred with PF due to the proximity to pelvic *** of contrast blush(CB)on computed tomography in patients with PF is considered a sign of active bleeding,however,its clinical significance and association with outcomes is *** To analyze polytrauma patients with PF with a focus on the geriatric population,co-injuries and the value of contrast *** This retrospective cohort study included 558 patients with PF admitted to level 1 trauma center(01/2017-01/2023).Analyzed variables included:Age,sex,mechanism of injury(MOI),injury severity score(ISS),Glasgow coma scale(GCS),abbreviated injury scale(AIS),co-injuries,transfusion requirements,pelvic angiography,embolization,laparotomy,orthopedic pelvic surgery,intensive care unit and hospital lengths of stay,discharge disposition and *** study compared geriatric and non-geriatric patients,patients with and without CB and abdominal *** score matching was implemented in comparison *** PF comprised 4%of all trauma admissions.89 patients had CB.286(52%)patients had concomitant injuries including 93(17%)patients with abdominal *** patients compared to non-geriatric had more falls as MOI,lower ISS and AIS pelvis,higher GCS,less abdominal co-injuries,similar CB and angio-embolization rates,less orthopedic pelvic surgeries,shorter lengths of stay and higher *** propensity matching,orthopedic pelvic surgery rates remained lower(8%vs 19%,Pength of stay shorter,and mortality higher(13%vs 4%,Periatric *** of 89 patients with CB,45(51%)were *** propensity matching,patients with CB compared to without CB had more pelvic angiography(71%vs 12%,P<0.001),hi

关键词： Pelvic fractures Geriatric trauma patients Abdominal co-injuries Contrast blush Contrast extravasation Angioembolization Polytrauma patients Surgical interventions Blunt trauma external and internal fixation for pelvic stabilization

Numerical modelling of reinforced concrete flexural members strengthened using textile reinforced mortars

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil engineering 2023年第4期17卷 649-668页

作者： Naveen Revanna charles K.S.Moy Department of Civil engineering Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China

externally bonded(eB)and near-surface mounted(NSM)bonding are two widely adopted and researched strengthening methods for reinforced-concrete *** composite substrates are easy to reach and repair using appropriate surface treatments,whereas NSM techniques can be easily applied to the soffit and concrete member *** eB bonded fiber-reinforced polymer(FRP)technique has a significant drawback:combustibility,which calls for external protective agents,and textile reinforced mortar(TRM),a class of eB composites that is noncombustible and provides a similar functionality to any eB FRP-strengthened *** study employs a finite element analysis technique to investigate the failing failure of carbon textile reinforced mortar(CTRM)-strengthened reinforced concrete *** principal objective of this numerical study was to develop a finite element model and validate a set of experimental data in existing literature.A set of seven beams was modelled and calibrated to obtain concrete damage plasticity(CDP)*** predicted results,which were in the form of load versus deflection,load versus rebar strain,tensile damage,and compressive damage patterns,were in good agreement with the experimental ***,a parametric study was conducted to verify the applicability of the numerical model and study various influencing factors such as the concrete strength,internal reinforcement,textile roving spacing,and externally-applied load *** ultimate load and deflection of the predicted finite element results had a coefficient of variation(COV)of 6.02%and 5.7%,respectively.A strain-based numerical comparison with known methods was then conducted to investigate the debonding *** developed finite element model can be applied and tailored further to explore similar TRM-strengthened beams undergoing debonding,and the preventive measures can be sought to avoid premature debonding.

关键词： fiber reinforced polymer textile reinforced mortar finite element analysis concrete damage plasticity calibration and validation parametric study

Assessing the microbiota of recycled bedding sand on a Wisconsin dairy farm

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第2期13卷 601-612页

作者： Hannah e.Pilch Andrew J.Steinberger Donald C.Sockett Nicole Aulik Garret Suen charles J.Czuprynski Department of Pathobiological Sciences School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison 53706USA Department of Bacteriology University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison 53706USA Microbiology Doctoral Training Program University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison 53706USA Wisconsin Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison 53706USA

Background:Sand is often considered the preferred bedding material for dairy cows as it is thought to have lower bacterial counts than organic bedding materials and cows bedded on sand experience fewer cases of lameness and *** can also be efficiently recycled and reused,making it ***,some studies have suggested that the residual organic material present in recycled sand can serve as a reservoir for commensal and pathogenic bacteria,although no studies have yet characterized the total bacterial community *** we sought to characterize the bacterial community composition of a Wisconsin dairy farm bedding sand recycling system and its dynamics across several stages of the recycling process during both summer and winter using 16S rRNA gene amplicon ***:Bacterial community compositions of the sand recycling system differed by both seasons and *** samples had higher richness and distinct community compositions,relative to winter *** both summer and winter samples,the diversity of recycled sand decreased with time drying in the recycling ***,summer sand 14 d post-recycling was enriched in operational taxonomic units(OTUs)belonging to the genera Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas,relative to freshly washed sand and sand from cow *** contrast,no OTUs were found to be enriched in winter *** sand recycling system contained an overall core microbiota of 141 OTUs representing 68.45%±10.33%SD of the total bacterial relative abundance at each sampled *** 4 most abundant genera in this core microbiota included Acinetobacter,Psychrobacter,Corynebacterium,and *** was present in greater abundance in summer samples,whereas Psychrobacter and Corynebacterium had higher relative abundances in winter *** had consistent relative abundances across both ***:These findings highlight the potential of recycled bedding sand as a bacterial reservo

关键词： Bovine Dairy farm Microbiota Recycled bedding sand 16S rRNA sequencing

Hydrometallurgical detoxification and recycling of electric arc furnace dust

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2023年第11期30卷 2076-2094页

作者： Yang Xue Xiaoming Liu Chunbao(charles)Xu Yonghui Han State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Metallurgical and ecological engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Department of Chemical&Biochemical engineering Western UniversityLondonON N6A 5B9Canada Hebei Technology Innovation Centre of Solid Wastes Utilization Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang 050091China

electric arc furnace dust(eAFD)is a hazardous waste but can also be a potential secondary resource for valuable metals,such as Zn and *** the increased awareness of carbon emission reduction,energy conservation,and environmental protection,hydrometallurgical technologies for the detoxification and resource use of eAFD have been developing *** work summarizes the generation mechanisms,compositions,and characteristics of eAFD and presents a critical review of various hydrometallurgical treatment methods for eAFD,e.g.,acid leaching,alkaline leaching,salt leaching,and pretreatment–enhanced leaching ***,the phase transformation mechanisms of zinc-containing components in acid and alkali solutions and pretreatment processes are ***,two novel combined methods,i.e.,oxygen pressure sulfuric acid leaching combined with composite catalyst preparation,and synergistic roasting of eAFD and municipal solid waste incineration fly ash combined with alkaline leaching,are proposed,which can provide future development directions to completely recycling eAFD by recovering valuable metals and using zinc residue.

关键词： hazardous waste recycling separation zinc hydrometallurgical technologies