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Asia–Gondwana connections indicated by Devonian fishes from Australia:palaeogeographic considerations

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2020年第2期9卷 128-149页

作者： Gavin charles Young Jing Lu Department of Applied Mathematics Research School of PhysicsAustralian National UniversityCanberraAustralia Australian Museum Research Institute SydneyAustralia Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology&PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 10004China CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment Beijing 10004China.

Middle Palaeozoic vertebrate fossil occurrences are summarised for Australia, with reference to faunal connections between Asia and East Gondwana, as first indicated by fish distributions of Lower Devonian fossil sites. Major endemic groups discussed are pituriaspid(Australian) and galeaspid(Asian) agnathans, wuttagoonaspids(Australian)and antarctaspid(Antarctic, Australian, Asian) arthrodires, yunnanolepid and sinolepid antiarchs(South China,Indochina terrane, Australia), and early tetrapodomorphs(South China, Australia). More widespread groups that lived in shallow marine environments(lungfishes, buchanosteid arthrodires, antiarch Bothriolepis) also show species groups shared between South China and East Gondwana. Exchange of continental facies fishes(e.g. tristichopterid tetrapodomorphs) may have been interrupted by marine transgression in the Frasnian, but were restored in the late Famennian with the appearance of Grenfellaspis in eastern Australia, the only sinolepid antiarch known from outside Asia. The hypothesis of Gondwana dispersion and Asian accretion, to explain the collage of geological terranes forming modern east and southeast Asia, implies increasing dissimilarity with increasing age, but the SiluroDevonian early vertebrate evidence is inconsistent with this. Previous cladistic analysis of Asian terranes predicted galeaspid agnathans on the Indochina terrane, and their subsequent discovery at Ly Hoa, Vietnam, confirms that Indochina and South China had come together across the Song Ma suture by Middle Devonian time.

关键词： Devonian Palaeogeography Biogeography Vertebrates East Gondwana South China Indochina terrane

Glass transition: from interaction potential changes to the corresponding structural and relaxation responses along the path of reaching the final equilibrium

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Science China Chemistry 2018年第1期61卷 46-53页

作者： Guangcui Yuan charles C.Han Center for Neutron Research National Institute of Standards and Technology USA Department of Polymer Engineering The University of Akron Institute for Advanced Study Shenzhen University

Glass transition involves a many-body interaction and relaxation process. The splk of relaxation spectrum and the extremely slow dynamics bring into considerations of non-linearity and non-equilibrium. Some of our recent findings in two measurable colloidal systems are reviewed, one with a simple attractive interparticle potential and the other with a competitive （repulsive vs. attractive） inter-particle interaction. With an approach from interaction potential changes to the corresponding structural and relaxation responses, along the path of reaching the final equilibrium, we illustrate some interesting physics in glass formation process. Also, some reviews on the popular glass transition theories are made to remind readers to avoid artifacts and misinterpretations.

关键词： glass transition slow dynamics polymer colloid

Faulkner’s Myth and the ″Peculiar Institution″: Shaping Yoknapatawpha

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外国文学研究 2005年第4期27卷 16-24页

作者： charles A. Peek University of Nebraskaat Kearney

During the 1930s, Faulkner made radical adjustments in the shaping of his mythical Yoknapatawpha country to accommodate his deepening understanding of America’s ″peculiar institution.″ That peculiar institution, of course, was slavery, and in his fiction of the period Faulkner portrays it through a radical critique of the myth of ″the Old Plantation.″Doing so meant he both had to challenge the myths about plantation slavery in which he had been raised and had to alter his own apocryphal vision of the institution that haunted America like a ghost. Replacing the Sartoris family with the McCaslin family as the family that would represent the Falkners’ in his fiction, Faulkner created a fiction better able to bear the weight of history, both the history of the South and of his own family.

关键词：福克纳神话美国当代文学研究

Measuring nonlinearity by means of static parameters in Bernoulli binary sequences distribution:A brief approach

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2020年第3期11卷 68-77页

作者： charles Roberto Telles Secretary of State for Education and Sport of ParanáAv.Água Verde 2140Curitiba 80240-070/Vila IzabelBrazil

This paper analyzes Bernoulli’s binary sequences in the representation of empirical nonlinear events,analyzing the distribution of natural resources,population sizes and other variables that influence the possible outcomes of resource’s *** the event as a nonlinear system and the metrics of analysis consisting of two dependent random variables 0 and 1,with memory and probabilities in maximum finite or infinite lengths,constant and equal to 1/2 for both variables(stationary process).The expressions of the possible trajectories of metric space represented by each binary parameter remain constant in sequences that are repeated alternating the presence or absence of one of the binary variables at each iteration(symmetric or asymmetric).It was observed that the binary variables X_(1)and X_(2)assume on time T_(k)→∞specific behaviors(geometric variable)that can be used as management tools in discrete and continuous nonlinear systems aiming at the optimization of resource’s usage,nonlinearity analysis and probabilistic distribution of trajectories occurring about random *** this way,the paper presents a model of detecting fixed-point attractions and its probabilistic distributions at a given population-resource *** means that coupling oscillations in the event occur when the binary variables X_(1)and X_(2)are limited as a function of time Y.

关键词： Coupling functions and nonparametric statistics Bernoulli binary sequences nonlinearity metrics pattern formation stability and predictive analysis

Sigma-1 receptor: culprit and rescuer in motor neuron diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第1期16卷 106-107页

作者： Jean-charles Liévens Tangui Maurice MMDN Univ MontpellierINSERMEPHEMontpellierFrance

Initially,the Sigma-1 receptor(S1R)was incorrectly categorized as one of the opioid *** it has since become clear that S1R is a non-opioid non-phencyclidine receptor with molecular chaperone activity.S1R is a 223 amino-acid long protein that shares no clear homology with any other known mammalian proteins,its closest homolog being the fungal ERG2 sterol *** its pharmacological counterpart,the Sigma-2 receptor that was only recently cloned,is genetically distinct.S1R is more likely considered as an atypical ligand-modulated chaperone protein.S1R is widely expressed in many organs including brain where its function has mainly been explored.

关键词： organs opioid Sigma

Numerical modelling of reinforced concrete flexural members strengthened using textile reinforced mortars

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2023年第4期17卷 649-668页

作者： Naveen Revanna charles K.S.Moy Department of Civil Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China

Externally bonded(EB)and near-surface mounted(NSM)bonding are two widely adopted and researched strengthening methods for reinforced-concrete *** composite substrates are easy to reach and repair using appropriate surface treatments,whereas NSM techniques can be easily applied to the soffit and concrete member *** EB bonded fiber-reinforced polymer(FRP)technique has a significant drawback:combustibility,which calls for external protective agents,and textile reinforced mortar(TRM),a class of EB composites that is noncombustible and provides a similar functionality to any EB FRP-strengthened *** study employs a finite element analysis technique to investigate the failing failure of carbon textile reinforced mortar(CTRM)-strengthened reinforced concrete *** principal objective of this numerical study was to develop a finite element model and validate a set of experimental data in existing literature.A set of seven beams was modelled and calibrated to obtain concrete damage plasticity(CDP)*** predicted results,which were in the form of load versus deflection,load versus rebar strain,tensile damage,and compressive damage patterns,were in good agreement with the experimental ***,a parametric study was conducted to verify the applicability of the numerical model and study various influencing factors such as the concrete strength,internal reinforcement,textile roving spacing,and externally-applied load *** ultimate load and deflection of the predicted finite element results had a coefficient of variation(COV)of 6.02%and 5.7%,respectively.A strain-based numerical comparison with known methods was then conducted to investigate the debonding *** developed finite element model can be applied and tailored further to explore similar TRM-strengthened beams undergoing debonding,and the preventive measures can be sought to avoid premature debonding.

关键词： fiber reinforced polymer textile reinforced mortar finite element analysis concrete damage plasticity calibration and validation parametric study

Invasion of the biosphere by synthetic polymers:What our current knowledge may mean for our future

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2019年第5期38卷 161-164页

作者： charles J.Moore Algalita Marine Research and Education

In 1974,a member of the Council of the British Plastics Federation and a fellow of the Plastics Institute,stated that“Plastics litter is a very small proportion of all litter and causes no harm to the environment except as an eyesore”(Derraik,2002).It has taken less than fifty years for that opinion to be completely discredited,indeed,that opinion was already in doubt the moment it was ***,it was the strong denial by the plastic industry that plastics could cause harm that delayed the study of plastic’s environmental effects for *** until Moore et al.(2001)found six times as much plastic as zooplankton by weight in the surface waters of the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre(NPSG).

关键词： Invasion the biosphere our future

Recent progress in alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.)genomics and genomic selection

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The Crop Journal 2018年第6期6卷 565-575页

作者： charles Hawkins Long-Xi Yu United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Plant Germplasm Introduction and Testing Research

Alfalfa(M. sativa L.) is a highly valuable forage crop, providing >58 Mt of hay, silage, and pasture each year in the United States. As alfalfa is an outcrossing autotetraploid crop,however, breeding for enhanced agronomic traits is challenging and progress has historically not been rapid. Methods that make use of genotypic information and statistical models to generate a genomic estimated breeding value(GEBV) for each plant at a young age hold a great deal of promise to accelerate breeding gains. An emerging genomic breeding pipeline employs SNP chips or genotyping-by-sequencing(GBS) to identify SNP markers in a training population, followed by the use of a statistical model to find associations between the discovered SNPs and traits of interest, followed by genomic selection(GS), a breeding program utilizing the trained model to predict breeding values and making selections based on the estimated breeding value(EBV). Much work has been done in recent years in all of these areas, to generate marker sets and discover SNPs associated with desirable traits, and the application of these technologies in alfalfa breeding programs is under way. However, GBS/GWAS/GS is still a new breeding paradigm,and work is ongoing to evaluate different models, software, and methods for use in such programs. In this review, we look at the progress of alfalfa genomics over the past halfdecade, and review work comparing models and methods relevant to this new type of breeding strategy.

关键词： Alfalfa Genomics GWAS GBS Breeding

Transcriptional Responses to Gibberellin and Abscisic Acid in Barley Aleurone

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2006年第5期48卷 591-612页

作者： Kegui Chen Yong-Qiang charles An Department of Agronomy University of Wisconsin Madison Wl 53706 USA United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Cereal Crops Research Madison Wl 53726 USA

Cereal aleurone has been established as a model system to investigate giberrellin （GA） and absclslc acid （ABA） responses. Using Barley 1 GeneChip, we examined the mRNA accumulation of over 22 000 genes In de-embryonated barley aleurone treated with GA and ABA. We observed that 1 328 genes had more than a threefold change In response to GA treatment, whereas 206 genes had a more than threefold change in response to ABA treatment. Interestingly, approximately 2.5-fold more genes were up-regulated than downregulated by ABA. Eighty-three genes were differentially regulated by both GA and ABA. Most of the genes were subject to antagonistic regulation by ABA and GA, particularly for genes related to seed maturation and germination, such as genes encoding late embryogenesis abundant proteins and storage mobilization enzymes. This supports the antagonistic roles of GA and ABA in seed maturation and seed germination. Interestingly, we observed that a significant percentage of the genes were coordinately regulated by both GA and ABA. Some GA-responsive genes encoded proteins involved in ethylene, Jasmonate, brasslnosterold and auxin metabolic and signaling transducUon pathways, suggesting their potential Interaction with the GA response. We also identified a group of transcription factor genes, such as MYB and Homeobox genes, that were differentially regulated by GA. In addition, a number of GA- and/or ABA-responsive genes encoded components potentially Involved in GA and ABA signal transducUon pathway. Overall, the present study provides a comprehensive and global view of transcript expression accompanying the GA and ABA response in barley aleurone and Identifies a group of genes with potential regulatory functions in GA- and ABA-slgnallng pathways for future functional validation.

关键词： abscisic acid barley gene regulation gibberellin microarray signal transduction.