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Brain Science Advances 2024年第1期10卷 6-38页

作者： charles McGlynn Doni Dermawan Guia Marie Canonizado School of Earth and Environment Rowan UniversityNJ 08028 New JerseyUnited States Applied Biotechnology Faculty of ChemistryWarsaw University of Technology00-661 WarsawPoland Saint Louis University School of Medicine 2600 Baguio CityPhilippines

The prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders is rising as the population ages,and many ailments,such as depression,Parkinson’s disease,Alzheimer’s disease,autism spectrum disorder,and multiple sclerosis,have intricate underlying mechanisms that are still poorly *** Neuron Foundry Mach 8 is a multi-modal neuro-supportive energy therapy device designed to treat neurodegenerative disorders through daily *** device proposes to deliver safe and controlled energy therapy through multiple therapeutic pathways,including stimulating brain mitochondrial energy,supporting homeostasis within the brain’s immune system,increasing melatonin production within neuronal mitochondria,and triggering cellular communication through the brain’s white *** combining these unique energy-based treatments,this device holds promising potential for slowing,stopping,reversing,or at least reducing the effects of neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： energy therapy medical device multi-modal neuro-supportive energy neurodegenerative disorders Neuron Foundry Mach 8

Distribution of atrial cardiomyopathy markers and association with atrial fibrillation detected after ischaemic stroke in the SAFAS study

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第2期9卷 165-173,I0426,I0427页

作者： Romain Didier Lucie Garnier Gauthier Duloquin Alexandre Meloux Audrey Sagnard Mathilde Graber Geoffrey Dogon Karim Benali Thibaut Pommier Gabriel Laurent Catherine Vergely Yannick Bejot charles Guenancia Cardiology CHU Dijon BourgogneDijonFrance Dijon Stroke Registry Department of NeurologyUniversity Hospital Centre DijonDijonFrance PEC 2 Universitéde BourgogneDijonFrance Cardiology CHU Saint EtienneSaint EtienneFrance

Background Atrial cardiomyopathy(AC)is an emerging concept explaining the pathophysiology of cardioembolic strokes in absence of atrial fibrillation(AF).A definition based on the presence of electrical abnormality(P-wave terminal force in lead V1(PTFV1)>5000µV×ms),N-Terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide(NT pro BNP)>250pg/mL and/or indexed left atrial diameter(LADI)>3cm/m^(2)is currently tested in the ARCADIA(AtRial Cardiopathy and Antithrombotic Drugs In prevention After cryptogenic stroke)*** set out to estimate the prevalence of AC as defined in the ARCADIA trial,its determinants and its association with AF detected after stroke(AFDAS).Methods Stepwise screening for silent Atrial Fibrillation After Stroke(SAFAS)study prospectively included 240 ischaemic stroke *** markers were complete for 192 of them and 9 were not included in this analysis because AF had been diagnosed on *** A total of 183 patients were analysed,of whom 57%(104 patients)met the AC criteria(79 NT-proBNP,47 PTFV1,4 LADI).In the multivariate logistic regression,C reactive protein>3mg/L(OR(95%CI)2.60(1.30 to 5.21),p=0.007)and age(OR(95%CI)1.07(1.04 to 1.10),p34mL/m^(2),OR 2.35(CI 1.09 to 5.06)p=0029).Conclusion AC as defined in ARCADIA is mostly based on NT pro BNP elevation(76%of patients)and is associated with age and ***,AC was not independently associated with AFDAS at *** ARCADIA trial,which compares aspirin to apixaban in patients with embolic strokes of undetermined source with AC markers and must,therefore be analysed in the light of these limitations.

关键词： atrial cardiomyopathy prevention

Applying Source Parameter Imaging (SPI) to Aeromagnetic Data to Estimate Depth to Magnetic Sources in the Mamfe Sedimentary Basin

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International Journal of Geosciences 2024年第1期15卷 1-11页

作者： Eric N. Ndikum charles T. Tabod Department of Physics HTTC Bambili The University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Department of Fundamental Sciences Higher Technical Teacher Training College (HTTTC) Bamenda Cameroon Department of Physics University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Physics Faculty of Science The University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon

Aeromagnetic data over the Mamfe Basin have been processed. A regional magnetic gridded dataset was obtained from the Total Magnetic Intensity (TMI) data grid using a 3 × 3 convolution (Hanning) filter to remove regional trends. Major similarities in magnetic field orientation and intensities were observed at identical locations on both the regional and TMI data grids. From the regional and TMI gridded datasets, the residual dataset was generated which represents the very shallow geological features of the basin. Processing this residual data grid using the Source Parameter Imaging (SPI) for magnetic depth suggests that the estimated depths to magnetic sources in the basin range from about 271 m to 3552 m. The highest depths are located in two main locations somewhere around the central portion of the study area which correspond to the area with positive magnetic susceptibilities, as well as the areas extending outwards across the eastern boundary of the study area. Shallow magnetic depths are prominent towards the NW portion of the basin and also correspond to areas of negative magnetic susceptibilities. The basin generally exhibits a variation in depth of magnetic sources with high, average and shallow depths. The presence of intrusive igneous rocks was also observed in this basin. This characteristic is a pointer to the existence of geologic resources of interest for exploration in the basin.

关键词： Mamfe Basin Aeromagnetic Data Source Parameter Imaging (SPI) Depth to Magnetic Sources

The delivery of N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2(NDRG2)self-amplifying mRNA via modified lipid nanoparticles as a potential treatment for drug-resistant and metastatic cancers

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Medical Review 2024年第3期4卷 235-238页

作者： Sandra E.Reznik Amit K.Tiwari Vivek Chavda charles R.Ashby Jr. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy and Health SciencesSt.John’s UniversityQueensUSA Departments of Pathology and Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women’s Health Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of MedicineBronxUSA Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little RockUSA Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology L.M.College of Pharmacy AhmedabadIndia Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Pharmacy and Health SciencesSt.John’s UniversityQueensNY 11439USA

The protein,N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2(NDRG2),a tumor suppressor,is significantly decreased or absent in many types of *** is a significant negative correlation between the levels of NDRG2 and the development and progression of cancer tumor recurrence and tumor invasion,in different *** contrast,the in vitro and in vivo overexpression of the NDRG2 protein decreases the proliferation,growth,adhesion and migration of many types of cancer *** in vitro overexpression of NDRG2 increases the efficacy of certain anticancer drugs in specific types of cancer *** hypothesize that the delivery of the mRNA of the NDRG2 protein,encapsulated by lipid nanoparticles,could represent a potential treatment of metastatic and drug-resistant *** would be accomplished using a self-amplifying mRNA that encodes the NDRG2 protein and an RNA-dependent-RNA polymerase,obtained from an in vitrotranscribed(IVT)*** IVT mRNA would be encapsulated in a lipid *** efficacy of the nanoformulation would be determined in cultured cancer cells and if the results are positive,nude mice transplanted with either drug-resistant or metastatic drug-resistant cancer cells,would be treated with the nanoformulation and monitored for efficacy and adverse *** the appropriate preclinical studies indicate this formulation is efficacious and safe,it is possible it could be evaluated in clinical trials.

关键词： N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2(NDRG2) cancer self-amplifying mRNA nanoparticle

Artificial Intelligence-Based Automated Actuarial Pricing and Underwriting Model for the General Insurance Sector

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Open Journal of Statistics 2024年第3期14卷 294-340页

作者： Brighton Mahohoho charles Chimedza Florance Matarise Sheunesu Munyira Department of Mathematics & Computational Sciences University of Zimbabwe Harare Zimbabwe School of Statistics & Actuarial Science University of Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa

The Automated Actuarial Pricing and Underwriting Model has been enhanced and expanded through the implementation of Artificial Intelligence to automate three distinct actuarial functions: loss reserving, pricing, and underwriting. This model utilizes data analytics based on Artificial Intelligence to merge microfinance and car insurance services. Introducing and applying a no-claims bonus rate system, comprising base rates, variable rates, and final rates, to three key policyholder categories significantly reduces the occurrence and impact of claims while encouraging increased premium payments. We have enhanced frequency-severity models with eight machine learning algorithms and adjusted the Automated Actuarial Pricing and Underwriting Model for inflation, resulting in outstanding performance. Among the machine learning models utilized, the Random Forest (RANGER) achieved the highest Total Aggregate Comprehensive Automated Actuarial Loss Reserve Risk Pricing Balance (ACAALRRPB), establishing itself as the preferred model for developing Automated Actuarial Underwriting models tailored to specific policyholder categories.

关键词： Artificial Intelligence Automated Actuarial Loss Reserves Automated Actuarial Risk Pricing Automated Actuarial Underwriting

Healthcare Worker-Related Factors Contributing to Tuberculosis Treatment Non-Adherence among Patients in Kisumu East Sub-County

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2024年第1期12卷 13-33页

作者： Marlyn Ochieng Jackline Nyaberi Susan Mambo charles Wafula Department of Environmental Health and Disease Control School of Public Health Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (EDCTP) Strengthening Capacity for Epidemics Preparedness and Response in Sub-Saharan Africa (SCEPRESSA) Nairobi Kenya Great Lakes University of Kisumu (GLUK) Kisumu Kenya

Background: Treatment non-adherence poses significant risks to health outcomes and impedes the health system’s efficiency, hence curtailing progress towards the end Tuberculosis (TB) strategy under SDG 3.3. Despite interventions to address TB treatment non-adherence, Kenya still reports high TB treatment non-adherence rates of 35% and consequently poor treatment outcome rates. Health Care Workers (HCWs) play a critical role in linking the population to health services, yet little is known of their influence on patients’ TB treatment non-adherence in Kenya. Objective: To analyze HCW-related factors associated with TB treatment non-adherence among patients in Kisumu East Sub-County. Methods: Health facility-based analytical cross-sectional mixed-method study. A Semi-structured questionnaire on treatment adherence and patients’ perceptions of HCWs during the clinic visit was administered to 102 consenting adult (out of a total census of 107 adults) drug-susceptible TB patients. 12 purposively selected HCWs by rank from 6 health facilities participated in Key Informant Interview sessions. Medication adherence was measured using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale and then expressed as a dichotomous variable. Quantitative analysis utilized STATA version 15.1 while qualitative deductive thematic analysis was done using NVIVO version 14. Results: TB treatment non-adherence rate of 26% (CI: 18% - 36%) was recorded. Overall, patients who felt supported in dealing with the illness were 8 times more likely to adhere to treatment compared to those who were not (aOR = 7.947, 95% CI: 2.214 - 28.527, p = 0.001). Key HCW related factors influencing adherence to treatment included: friendliness (cOR = 4.31, 95% CI: 1.514 - 12.284, p = 0.006), respect (cOR = 6.679, 95% CI: 2.239 - 19.923, p = 0.001) and non-discriminatory service (cOR = 0.1478, 95% CI: 0.047 - 0.464, p = 0.001), communication [adequacy of consultation time (cOR = 6.563, 95% CI: 2.467 - 17.458, p = 0.001) and patie

关键词： Tuberculosis Treatment Adherence Human Resources for Health

Handwriting Analysis Based on Belief of Targeted Individual Supporting Insider Threat Detection

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Journal of Information Security 2024年第3期15卷 308-319页

作者： Jason Slaughter Carole E. Chaski Kellep charles Center for Cybersecurity Research and Analysis (CCRA) Capitol Technology University Laurel United States

The Unintentional Insider Threat (UIT) concept highlights that insider threats might not always stem from malicious intent and can occur across various domains. This research examines how individuals with medical or psychological issues might unintentionally become insider threats due to their perception of being targeted. Insights from the survey A Survey of Unintentional Medical Insider Threat Category indicate that such perceptions can be linked to underlying health conditions. The study Emotion Analysis Based on Belief of Targeted Individual Supporting Insider Threat Detection reveals that anger is a common emotion among these individuals. The findings suggest that UITs are often linked to medical or psychological issues, with anger being prevalent. To mitigate these risks, it is recommended that Insider Threat programs integrate expertise from medicine, psychology, and cybersecurity. Additionally, handwriting analysis is proposed as a potential tool for detecting insider threats, reflecting the evolving nature of threat assessment methodologies.

关键词： Insider Threat Detection Targeted Medical

Half a century after their discovery:Structural insights into exonuclease and annealase proteins catalyzing recombineering

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Engineering Microbiology 2024年第1期4卷 39-54页

作者： Lucy J.Fitschen Timothy P.Newing Nikolas P.Johnston charles E.Bell Gökhan Tolun School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience and Molecular HorizonsUniversity of WollongongWollongongNSWAustralia The ARC Training Centre for Cryo-electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins University of WollongongWollongongNSWAustralia Faculty of Science University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSW 2007Australia Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology The Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOH 43210

Recombineering is an essential tool for molecular biologists,allowing for the facile and efficient manipulation of bacterial genomes directly in cells without the need for costly and laborious in vitro manipulations involving restriction *** main workhorses behind recombineering are bacteriophage proteins that promote the single-strand annealing(SSA)homologous recombination pathway to repair double-stranded DNA *** there have been several reviews examining recombineering methods and applications,comparatively few have focused on the mechanisms of the proteins that are the key players in the SSA pathway:a 5′→3′exonuclease and a single-strand annealing protein(SSAP or“annealase”).This review dives into the structures and functions of the two SSA recombination systems that were the first to be developed for recombineering in ***:the RecET system from *** Rac prophage and the𝜆Red system from bacteriophageλ.By comparing the structures of the RecT and Red𝛽annealases,and the RecE and𝜆Exo exonucleases,we provide new insights into how the structures of these proteins dictate their *** the sequence conservation of the𝜆λExo and RecE exonucleases gives more profound insights into their critical functional ***,as recombineering accelerates and evolves in the laboratory,a better understanding of the mechanisms of the proteins behind this powerful technique will drive the development of improved and expanded capabilities in the future.

关键词： Recombineering Redβ λExo RecE RecT Protein structure Annealase Exonuclease

The WhatsApp Application as a Teledentistry Tool in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in Cameroon

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2024年第8期14卷 362-372页

作者： Karl Guy Grégoire Kwedi Ruth Karen Katia Kwedi Fred-Cyrille Goethe Doualla charles Eboa Kwedi charles Bengondo Messanga Department of Oral Maxillofacial and Periodontal Surgery Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon Department of Public Health School of Health Sciences Catholic University of Central Africa Yaound Cameroon Society & Education Technologies Yaound Cameroon Health Medical School Douala Cameroon

Introduction: Technological advances have greatly influenced the healthcare sector. The ability to transmit information and deliver services using telecommunication tools continues to transform the way healthcare is delivered around the world. The aim of this study was to highlight the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic profile of oral and maxillofacial surgery patients consulted using the WhatsApp application. Methodology: This was a three-year descriptive study with a retrospective data collection, from 2021 to 2023, of WhatsApp communications between our team and oral and maxillofacial surgeons in Cameroon. In this study, the type/content of messages received, the epidemiological data of practitioners and patients, the various pathologies diagnosed and the procedures performed were evaluated. Results: 319 communications were received for a total of 146 cases. Written messages associated with images (photographs and/or X-rays) were the most frequently received, at 85.62%. Hospitals in urban areas were the most represented at 93.84%. Oral health professionals in the private sector sent more messages (65.75%). In terms of diagnoses, tumour and cystic pathologies were the most common (28.08%), followed by impacted/retained teeth (22.6%). Patients were referred to our hospital for treatment in 62.33% of cases. Conclusion: The WhatsApp application is an easy-to-use telecommunications tool. It facilitates exchanges between practitioners and improves patient care in oral and maxillofacial surgery.

关键词： Teledentistry WhatsApp Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Cameroon

男性运动员睡眠障碍的神经机制探究:基于复杂网络模型

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中国体育科技 2024年第2期60卷 11-20页

作者：李秦陇车开萱 charles JSteward 赵丽周越北京体育大学北京100084 考文垂大学英国考文垂CV15FB

目的:通过使用无目标不加权及目标加权的复杂网络模型方法,分析睡眠障碍运动员睡前神经机能状态与睡眠质量的复杂作用方式,揭示运动员发生睡眠障碍的神经机能状态特征。方法:在睡眠实验室内使用多导睡眠仪监测14名男性睡眠障碍运动员4... 详细信息

目的:通过使用无目标不加权及目标加权的复杂网络模型方法,分析睡眠障碍运动员睡前神经机能状态与睡眠质量的复杂作用方式,揭示运动员发生睡眠障碍的神经机能状态特征。方法:在睡眠实验室内使用多导睡眠仪监测14名男性睡眠障碍运动员4晚完整睡眠,并在睡前使用便携式脑电仪、超慢波涨落潮技术、Polar H10心率胸带和心境状态量表,分别测试或评估中枢机能状态、脑内神经递质水平、自主神经状态以及情绪状态。基于测试数据分别建立无目标不加权,以及以睡眠质量为目标的加权复杂网络模型。结果:1)无目标不加权的复杂网络模型中,介数中心性结果提示,慌乱、精力和愤怒情绪、α抑制%、去甲肾上腺素(NE)和多巴胺、相邻窦性R-R间期差值大于50 ms所占百分比(PNN50)、平均R-R间隔、平均心率(MHR)和睡眠总时间是此网络的关键影响节点。特征向量中心性分析结果显示,上述指标中除PNN50、NE和MHR外,抑郁、紧张和疲劳情绪与其他指标仍是网络的重要连接节点。2)在以睡眠质量为目标的加权复杂网络模型中,目标介数中心性结果发现,情绪状态在到达睡眠质量指标的最短路径中出现频率最高(48.57%),其次神经递质和睡眠指标频率相同(14.29%),而中枢神经机能状态和自主神经状态出现的频率最低(11.43%)。目标特征向量中心性结果表明,情绪状态成为影响睡眠质量最重要的影响因素,出现频率为82.86%,其次是自主神经状态出现频率为8.57%,而中枢神经机能状态、神经递质和睡眠指标出现频率相同(2.86%)。结论:运动员睡眠障碍的主要表现为总时长短,睡眠期间觉醒时间长导致睡眠效率低。复杂网络模型方法揭示了情绪(主要为消极情绪)是睡眠质量低和睡眠障碍发生的主要影响节点和关键因素,其中愤怒、慌乱情绪与脑内神经递质(5-HT和DA)、中枢疲劳程度相关,中枢疲劳程度和自主神经协调性与精力状态相关。

关键词：睡眠质量情绪状态神经系统复杂网络模型