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Diabetes and COVID-19:Role of insulin resistance as a risk factor for COVID-19 severity

World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第9期12卷 1550-1562页

作者： charitha gangadharan Rupa Ahluwalia Alben Sigamani Department of Clinical Research Narayana Hrudayalaya LimitedBangalore 560099KarnatakaIndia Consultant in Diabetes and Endocrinology Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustNorwich NR47UYUnited Kingdom Chief Scientific Officer Numen HealthBangalore 560095KarnatakaIndia

Patients with diabetes are more susceptible to coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),and as a consequence,develop more severe form of *** is partly due to a systemic inflammatory state and pro thrombotic milieu seen in metabolic *** this review,we attempt to explore the pathogenetic links between insulin resistance and COVID-19 disease *** resistance is an underlying condition for metabolic syndromes,including type 2 diabetes,which impairs insulin signaling pathways affecting metabolic and cardiovascular homeostasis.A high concentration of circulating insulin shifts the balance to mitogen activated protein kinase(MAPK)-dependent signaling and causes endothelial cell *** phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase and MAPK dependent signaling pathways maintain a balance between nitric oxide-dependent vasodilator and endothelin-1 dependent vasoconstriction actions of *** smooth muscle cell dysfunction is responsible for inflammation and blood coagulation leading to microvascular and macrovascular complications in *** in renin-angiotensin system is implicated in development of islet oxidative stress and subsequentβ-cell dysfunction,as it alters the islet blood *** deleterious effects of insulin resistance involving altered blood pressure,vascular dysfunction,and inflammation could be associated with increased severity in COVID-19 *** conclude that clinical and/or biochemical markers of insulin resistance should be included as prognostic markers in assessment of acute COVID-19 disease.

关键词： Insulin resistance Renin-angiotensin system Blood flow measurements Inflammation Thrombosis Severity of COVID-19

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Characterization of interfaces: Lessons from the past for the future of perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Semiconductors 2022年第5期43卷 58-69页

作者： Wanlong Wang Dongyang Zhang Rong Liu Deepak Thrithamarassery gangadharan Furui Tan Makhsud I.Saidaminov Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Department of Chemistry Department of Electrical&Computer Engineeringand Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies(CAMTEC)University of VictoriaVictoriaBritish Columbia V8P 5C2Canada

A photovoltaic technology historically goes through two major steps to evolve into a mature technology. The first step involves advances in materials and is usually accompanied by the rapid improvement of power conversion efficiency. The second step focuses on interfaces and is usually accompanied by significant stability improvement. As an emerging generation of photovoltaic technology, perovskite solar cells are transitioning to the second step of their development when a significant focus shifts toward interface studies and engineering. While various interface engineering strategies have been developed, interfacial characterization is crucial to show the effectiveness of interfacial modification. Here, we review the characterization techniques that have been utilized in studying interface properties in perovskite solar cells. We first summarize the main roles of interfaces in perovskite solar cells, and then we discuss some typical characterization methodologies for morphological, optical,and electrical studies of interfaces. Successful experiences and existing problems are analyzed when discussing some commonly used methods. We then analyze the challenges and provide an outlook for further development of interfacial characterizations. This review aims to evoke strengthened research devotion on novel and persuasive interfacial engineering.

关键词： interface perovskite solar cells characterization methods

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Incidence of ocular manifestations in patients with graft versus host disease after allogeneic stem cell transplant in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第7期15卷 1149-1156页

作者： Tariq Aldebasi Rabia Bashir Shiji gangadharan Naila AShaheen Basil Alhussain Tariq Almudhaiyan Bader Alahmari Department of Ophthalmology King Abdulaziz Medical CityNational Guard Health AffairsRiyadh 11426Saudi Arabia King Abdullah International Medical Research Center(KAIMRC) Riyadh 11426Saudi Arabia King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences Riyadh 11426Saudi Arabia Divisions of Adult Hematology and SCT King Abdulaziz Medical CityNational Guard Health AffairsRiyadh 11426Saudi Arabia

AIM: To evaluate the incidence and severity of ocular graft versus host disease(o GVHD) in patients who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplant(SCT) in King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, Saudi ***: This is a retrospective cohort study conducted in King Abdul Aziz Medical City on patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant(allo-HCT) from 2010 to 2017. The ocular examination findings including visual acuity, meibomian gland dysfunction, corneal and conjunctival staining with severity, corneal scarring, tear film meniscus and breakup time, anterior and posterior segment examination findings, intraocular pressure, treatment given, punctual plugs used or not, and follow up response were ***: The five years cumulative incidence of o GVHD among post-transplant patients was 56.98%(95%CI 38.6%-71.7%). The potential risk factors assessed for developing ocular manifestation were age, gender, donor’s age, donor gender mismatch CD3 and CD34 infusion, while none of the correlates were identified as statistically significant risk factors of developing ocular manifestation. However, the incidence was statistically significantly different betweenpatients diagnosed with acute myelocytic leukemia and acute lymphocytic leukemia(P=0.038). The mean latent period to develop ocular symptoms was 20.5 mo. All patients had variable degree of dry eyes. None of the patients developed any posterior segment ***: The incidence of o GVHD is low in King Abdul-Aziz Medical City. This can be attributed to the preconditioning and immunosuppressive regime.

关键词： graft versus host disease allogenic stem cell transplant dry eye

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Quantum Chemical Calculations on 4-[2-(Tert-Butylamino)-1-Hydroxyethyl]-2-(Hydroxymethyl)Phenol by Density Functional Theory

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光谱学与光谱分析 2018年第11期38卷 3631-3637页

作者： Rubarani P gangadharan S Sampath Krishnan Department of Physics Rajalakshmi Engineering CollegeThandalamChennai 602105India Department of Applied Physics Sri Venkateswara College of EngineeringChennai 602117India

Density functional theory(DFT)calculations have been carried out for the compound 4-[2-(tert-butylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl]-2-hydroxymethyl)phenol(4 BAHEHMP)by using the B3 LYP method at the 6-311++G(d,p)basis set *** electric dipole moment(μ)and the first hyperpolarizability(α)values of the investigated molecule were *** and partial density of state(TDOS and PDOS)and also overlap population density of state(COOP or OPDOS)diagrams analysis were *** and LUMO energies confirm that charge transfer occurs within the *** addition Molecular Electrostatic Potential(MEP),Natural Bond Orbital analysis(NBO)and Non-Linear Optical(NLO)properties are studied.

关键词： DFT NBO Density of states

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Natural Bond Orbital(NBO)Population Analysis,First Order Hyperpolarizabilities and Thermodynamic Properties of Cyclohexanone

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光谱学与光谱分析 2015年第6期35卷 1506-1511页

作者： Rubarani P.gangadharan S.Sampath Krishnan Department of Physics Rajalakshmi Engineering College Department of Applied Physics Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering

The molecular structure of cyclohexanone was calculated by the B3LYP density functional model with 6-31G(d,p)and 6-311++G(d,p)basis set by Gaussian *** results from natural bond orbital(NBO)analysis have been analyzed in terms of the hybridization of atoms and the electronic structure of the title *** electron density based local reactivity descriptors such as Fukui functions were *** dipole moment(μ)and polarizability(α),anisotropy polarizability(Δα)and first order hyperpolarizability(βtot)of the molecule have been *** properties of the title compound were calculated at different temperatures.

关键词： Density functional theory(DFT) Natural Bond Orbital(NBO)Analysis Hyperpolarizability

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A novel approach to investigate effect of magnetic field on dynamic properties of natural rubber based isotropic thick magnetorheological elastomers in shear mode

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Journal of Central South University 2015年第7期22卷 2612-2619页

作者： Sriharsha Hegde Katari Kiran K V gangadharan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology

The preparation of natural rubber based isotropic thick magnetorheological elastomers(MRE) was focused on by varying the percentage volume concentration of carbonyl iron powder and developing a test set up to test the dynamic properties. Effect of magnetic field on the damping ratio was studied on the amplification region of the transmissibility curve. The viscoelastic dynamic damping nature of the elastomer was also studied by analyzing the force-displacement hysteresis graphs. The results show that MR effect increases with the increase in magnetic field as well as carbonyl iron powder particle concentration. It is observed that softer matrix material produces more MR effect. A maximum of 125% improvement in the loss factor is observed for the MRE with 25% carbonyl iron volume concentration. FEMM simulation shows that as carbonyl iron particle distribution becomes denser, MR effect is improved. FEMM analysis also reveals that if the distance between the adjacent iron particles are reduced from 20 μm to 10 μm, a 40% increase in stored energy is observed.

关键词：磁流变弹性体磁场强度各向同性天然橡胶动力特性橡胶基羰基铁粉体积浓度

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多用途远程操作的海面运载器

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Journal of Marine Science and Application 2022年第3期21卷 219-227页

作者： Nishan B Shetty Pruthviraj Umesh KV gangadharan Former National Institute of Technology Karnataka Mangaluru 575025India National Institute of Technology Karnataka Mangaluru 575025India

Development of man-packable,versatile marine surface vehicle with ability to rescue a drowning victim and also capable of carrying mission specific sensor is *** thinking methodology is implemented by using existing equipment/platform with the addition of external attachment to make it a functional *** prototyping process with extensive testing to achieve user-centric *** prototypes and their possible sub-configurations with their integration and characteristics are studied and compared with numerical model,inferences obtained are utilised to improve for the next iteration.A novel hinge-clamp assembly enables this marine surface vehicle to operate in the event of an overturn,this phenomenon is further studied with the aid of a mathematical model(Pendulum in a fluid).This research project aims to demonstrate a multi-role unmanned surface vehicle.

关键词： Multi-role platform Remotely operated ring buoy surface vehicle Unmanned marine surface vehicle Novel Hinge-Clamp Assembly Lifesaving equipment

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Quantum Chemical and Corrosion Inhibition Studies of (4-Chlorophenyl)-N-(4-Methylphenyl) Nitrone

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光谱学与光谱分析 2019年第12期39卷 3940-3945页

作者： Rubarani.P.gangadharan S.Sampath Krishnan M.Thirumalaikumar Department of Physics Rajalakshmi Engineering Co llegeThandalamChennai602105Tamil NaduIndia Department of Applied Physics Sri Venkateswara College of EngineeringChennai602117Tamil NaduIndia Department of Applied Chemistry Sri Venkateswara College of EngineeringChennai602117Tamil NaduIndia

The compound(4-chlorophenyl)-N-(4-methylphenyl)nitrone(4CPNMPN)has been selected as one of the new nitrone derivative for our *** molecular structure of the compound was investigated based on frontier orbital analysis and natural bond orbital(NBO)*** present work also focuses on the inhibition efficiency of the *** is an attempt to find the correlation between the molecular structure of the compound and possible behaviour like corrosion *** NBO analysis and the values of electric dipole moment(μ)of the investigated molecule were computed using DFT *** molecule orbital contributions were studied by using the total(TDOS)density of *** strong evidences that the compound can be used as an efficient nonlinear optical(NLO)of 4CPNMPN were demonstrated by considerable polarizability and hyperpolarizability values obtained at DFT levels.

关键词： Molecular orbital analysis Corrosion inhibition NBO analysis

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Chest radiological finding of COVID-19 in patients with and without diabetes mellitus:Differences in imaging finding

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World Journal of Radiology 2022年第1期14卷 13-18页

作者： Sunay gangadharan Storm Parker Fahad Wali Ahmed Department of Radiology University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation TrustBrighton BN25BEUnited Kingdom Department of Medical Oncology King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research CentreMadinah 42522Saudi Arabia

The pandemic of novel coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for developing severe illness and a leading cause of death in patients with *** can precipitate hyperglycaemic emergencies and cause prolonged hospital *** resistance is thought to cause endothelial dysfunction,alveolar capillary micro-angiopathy and interstitial lung fibrosis through pro-inflammatory *** studies have also demonstrated the presence of microvascular thrombi in affected sections of lung,which may be associated with *** imaging using x-ray(CXR)and computed tomography(CT)of chest is used to diagnose,assess disease progression and severity in *** article reviews current literature regarding chest imaging findings in patients with diabetes affected by COVID-19.A literature search was performed on *** with diabetes infected with SARSCoV-2 are likely to have more severe infective changes on CXR and CT chest *** of airspace consolidation on CXR is associated with higher mortality,particularly in the presence of co-morbidities such as ischaemic heart *** controlled diabetes is associated with more severe acute lung injury on ***,no association has been identified between poorlycontrolled diabetes and the incidence of pulmonary thromboembolism in patients with COVID-19.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus COVID-19 Chest X-Ray Chest imaging using x-ray Computed tomography of chest

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Effect of methoxychlor on antioxidant system of goat epididymal sperm in vitro

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2001年第4期3卷 285-288页

作者： Bindu gangadharan M.Arul Murugan P.P.Mathur School of Life Sciences Pondicherry University Pondicherry 605 014 IndiaSchool of Life Sciences Pondicherry University Pondicherry 605 014 IndiaSchool of Life Sciences Pondicherry University Pondicherry 605 014 India

Aim: To evaluate the effect of methoxychlor on the antioxidant system of goat epididymal sperm. Methods:Epididymis of adult goat was obtained from local slaughter houses and sperm were collected by chopping the epididymisin modified Ringer's phosphate solution (RPS). After several washings, the sperm samples were dispersed in RPS andincubated with methoxychlor (1μmol/L, 10μmol/L and 100μmol/L) and methoxychlor + vitamin C (100μmol/Leach) for 3 h at 32℃. After incubation, the sperm motility and viability were assessed. An aliquot of sperm samplewas homogenized, centrifuged and used for the assay of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione re-ductase and lipid peroxidation. Results; In methoxychlor-incubated sperm and in sperm co-incubated with methoxy-chlor and vitamin C, the sperm motility and viability showed no significant changes as compared to the correspondingcontrols. In methoxychlor-incubated sperm the activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase and glutathioneperoxidase were decreased while lipid peroxidation was increased in a dose-dependent manner. Co-incubation of spermwith methoxychlor and vitamin C showed no changes in the activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase andglutathione peroxidase and in the level of lipid peroxidation. Conclusion; Methoxychlor induced oxidative stress inepididymal sperm of goats by decreasing the levels of antioxidant enzymes. Co-incubation of sperm with methoxychlorand vitamin C, a natural antioxidant, reversed the effect of methoxychlor. (Asian J Androl 2001 Dec; 3; 285 - 288)

关键词： methoxychlor vitamin C epididymis spermatozoa antioxidants reactive oxygen species goats

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