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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 357-363页

作者： Minghao Xia Ziwei Zheng Yanjie Cheng chaoyang wang Zhaozhen Cui Guodong Zhang Jinwei Gonga Anyi Mei Hongwei Han Michael Gr?tzel Center for Mesoscopic Solar Cells Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education Huazhong University of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics(KLoFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM) School of Flexible Electronics(Future Technologies) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech)

The low-cost and easy large-scale fabrication advantages of printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells(p-MPSCs) are overshadowed by their limited photovoltaic conversion efficiency(PCE). Here, we introduce the hydrazide derivative of 4-Hydroxybenzoylhydrazine(4-HBH) to improve the PCE of p-MPSCs by inducing enhanced defect passivation. Both carbonyl and hydrazine groups in hydrazide groups present strong interaction with perovskite. The hydroxyl group, as an electron donor group, increases the electron cloud density of the hydrazide group in 4-HBH under the conjugation of the benzene ring,and thus enhances its interaction with perovskite. Additionally, the hydroxy group itself interacts with perovskite and passivates defects synergistically. The hydrazine agents can also reduce I2and suppress the loss of iodine in perovskite films, which inhibits the formation of iodine-related defects.Consequently, p-MPSCs with 4-HBH achieve a high PCE of 19.21%, and present well improved stability.

关键词： Conjugation redox activity Cooperative coordination Multifunctional hydrazine derivatives Printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells

Stabilizing perovskite precursors with the reductive natural amino acid for printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 32-39,I0003页

作者： Wenjing Hu Jian Yang Chuang Yang Xufeng Xiao chaoyang wang Zhaozhen Cui Qiaojiao Gao Jianhang Qi Minghao Xia Yaqiong Su Anyi Mei Hongwei Han Michael Gratzel Center for Mesoscopic Solar Cells Wuhan National Laboratory for OptoelectronicsKey Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina School of Chemistry Xi'an Key Laboratory of Sustainable Energy Materials ChemistryState Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power EquipmentXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049ShaanxiChina

Solution processability significantly advances the development of highly-efficient perovskite solar cells.However,the precursor solution tends to undergo irreversible degradation reactions,impairing the device performance and reproducibility.Here,we utilize a reductive natural amino acid,Nacetylcysteine(NALC),to stabilize the precursor solution for printable carbon-based hole-conductorfree mesoscopic perovskite solar cells.We find that I_(2) can be generated in the aged solution containing methylammonium iodide(MI) in an inert atmosphere and speed up the MA-FA^(+)(formamidinium) reaction which produces large-size cations and hinders the formation of perovskite phase.NALC effectively stabilizes the precursor via its sulfhydryl group which reduces I_(2) back to I^(-)and provides H^(+).The NALC-stabilized precursor which is aged for 1440 h leads to devices with a power conversion efficiency equivalent to 98% of that for devices prepared with the fresh precursor.Furthermore,NALC improves the device power conversion efficiency from 16.16% to 18.41% along with enhanced stability under atmospheric conditions by modifying grain boundaries in perovskite films and reducing associated defects.

关键词： Perovskite solar cells Perovskite precursor Degradation Stabilization Reductive natural amino acid

Securing multi-chain consensus against diverse miner behavior attacks in blockchain networks

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2024年第4期25卷 540-554页

作者： Wenbo ZHANG Tao wang chaoyang ZHANG Jingyu FENG School of Cyberspace Security Xi’an University of Posts and TelecommunicationsXi’an 710121China Postal Savings Bank of China Xi’an 710000China

As cross-chain technologies enable interactions among different blockchains(hereinafter“chains”),multi-chain consensus is becoming increasingly important in blockchain networks.However,more attention has been paid to single-chain consensus schemes.Multi-chain consensus schemes with trusted miner participation have not been considered,thus offering opportunities for malicious users to launch diverse miner behavior(DMB)attacks on different chains.DMB attackers can be friendly in the consensus process on some chains,called mask chains,to enhance their trust value,while on others,called kill chains,they engage in destructive behaviors on the network.In this paper,we propose a multi-chain consensus scheme named Proof-of-DiscTrust(PoDT)to defend against DMB attacks.The idea of distinctive trust(DiscTrust)is introduced to evaluate the trust value of each user across different chains.The trustworthiness of a user is split into local and global trust values.A dynamic behavior prediction scheme is designed to enforce DiscTrust to prevent an intensive DMB attacker from maintaining strong trust by alternately creating true or false blocks on the kill chain.Three trusted miner selection algorithms for multi-chain environments can be implemented to select network miners,chain miners,and chain miner leaders,separately.Simulation results show that PoDT is secure against DMB attacks and more effective than traditional consensus schemes in multi-chain environments.

关键词： Blockchain Cross-chain Trust mechanism Multi-chain consensus

Toward a Learnable Climate Model in the Artificial Intelligence Era

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第7期41卷 1281-1288页

作者： Gang HUANG Ya wang Yoo-Geun HAM Bin MU Weichen TAO chaoyang XIE State key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Environmental Planning Graduate School of Environmental StudiesSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826South Korea School of Software Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

Artificial intelligence(AI)models have significantly impacted various areas of the atmospheric sciences,reshaping our approach to climate-related challenges.Amid this AI-driven transformation,the foundational role of physics in climate science has occasionally been overlooked.Our perspective suggests that the future of climate modeling involves a synergistic partnership between AI and physics,rather than an“either/or”scenario.Scrutinizing controversies around current physical inconsistencies in large AI models,we stress the critical need for detailed dynamic diagnostics and physical constraints.Furthermore,we provide illustrative examples to guide future assessments and constraints for AI models.Regarding AI integration with numerical models,we argue that offline AI parameterization schemes may fall short of achieving global optimality,emphasizing the importance of constructing online schemes.Additionally,we highlight the significance of fostering a community culture and propose the OCR(Open,Comparable,Reproducible)principles.Through a better community culture and a deep integration of physics and AI,we contend that developing a learnable climate model,balancing AI and physics,is an achievable goal.

关键词： artificial intelligence deep learning learnable climate model

Single-cell multi-omics sequencing and its applications in studying the nervous system

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Biophysics Reports 2022年第3期8卷 136-149页

作者： chaoyang wang Xiaoying Fan Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory) The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University

Single-cell sequencing has become one of the most powerful and popular techniques in dissecting molecular heterogeneity and modeling the cellular architecture of a biological system. During the past twenty years, the throughput of single-cell sequencing has increased from hundreds of cells to over tens of thousands of cells in parallel. Moreover, this technology has been developed from sequencing transcriptome to measure different omics such as DNA methylome, chromatin accessibility, and so on.Currently, multi-omics which can analyze different omics in the same cell is rapidly advancing. This work advances the study of many biosystems, including the nervous system. Here, we review current single-cell multi-omics sequencing techniques and describe how they improve our understanding of the nervous system. Finally, we discuss the open scientific questions in neural research that may be answered through further improvement of single-cell multi-omics sequencing technology.

关键词： Cell heterogeneity Multi-omics Nervous system Single-cell sequencing

Distribution law and susceptibility of geohazards across a gradient belt of the Western Sichuan Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第6期21卷 1849-1867页

作者： LI Tianbin wang Jianfeng HE chaoyang MENG Lubo LI Chaofei MA Junjie WEI Daqiang College of Environment and Civil Engineering Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geo-environment Protection Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China

Across a gradient belt of the Western Sichuan Plateau,geohazards have seriously limited economic and social development.According to incomplete statistics,15,673 geohazards have been recorded in the study area.In order to mitigate the threat of geohazards to human engineering activities in the region,an overall understanding of the distribution pattern of geohazards and susceptibility assessment are necessary.In this paper,a gradient belt of the Western Sichuan Plateau and its zoning criteria were defined.Subsequently,on the basis of relief amplitude,distance to faults,rainfall,and human activities,three indicators of endogenic process were introduced:Bouguer gravity anomaly gradient,vertical deformation gradient,and horizontal deformation gradient.Thereafter,the distribution patterns of geohazards were investigated through mathematical statistics and ArcGIS software.By randomly selecting 10,449 hazards,a geohazard susceptibility map was generated using the Information Value(IV)model.Finally,the IV model was validated against 5224 hazards using the Area Under Curve(AUC)method.The results show that 47.6%of the geohazards were distributed in the zone of steep slope.Geohazards showed strong responses to distance to faults,human activities,and annual rainfall.The distribution of geohazards in the gradient belt of the Western Sichuan Plateau is more sensitive to vertical internal dynamics factors(such as vertical deformation gradient and Bouguer gravity anomaly gradient)without any apparent sensitivity to horizontal internal dynamics factors.The areas of high and very-high risk account for up to 32.22%,mainly distributed in the Longmenshan and Anning River faults.According to the AUC plot,the success rate of the IV model for generating the susceptibility map is 76%.This susceptibility map and geohazard distribution pattern can provide a reference for geological disaster monitoring,preparation of post-disaster emergency measures,and town planning.

关键词： Gradient belt Geohazards Distribution law Bouguer Gravity anomaly gradient Vertical deformation gradient Susceptibility

Modification of POSS and their tribological properties and resistant to space atomic oxygen irradiation as lubricant additive of multialkylated cyclopentanes

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Friction 2024年第5期12卷 884-896页

作者： Xingwei wang chaoyang ZHANG Chen ZHAO Yijing LIANG Ming ZHANG Wufang YANG Bo YU Qiangliang YU Meirong CAI Feng ZHOU Weimin LIU State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou730000China Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Advanced Materials and Green Manufacturing Yantai264000China

Developing functional additive resistant to space atomic oxygen(AO)irradiation through simple molecular design and chemical synthesis to enhance the lubricating performance of multialkylated cyclopentanes(MACs)oil is a significant challenge.Herein,sulfur-containing polyhedral oligomere silsesquioxane(POSS)were synthesize via a click-chemistry reaction of octavinyl polyhedral oligomeric with alkyl sulfide.The reduce-friction(RF),anti-wear(AW)properties and anti-AO irradiation of POSS-S-R as MACs base oil additives in atmospheric and simulated space environments were systematically investigated for the first time.Results demonstrate that POSS-S-R not only possesses outstanding anti-AO irradiation capacity but also effectively improves the RF and AW of MACs in atmospheric or simulated space surroundings.This improvement is due to the excellent anti-AO irradiation properties of the POSS structure itself and the high load-carrying ability of silicon-containing and sulfur-containing compounds generated by tribo-chemical reactions,which effectively separates the direct contact of the friction interface.We believe that this synthesized POSS-S-R is a promising additive for space lubricants.

关键词： POSS additive reduce-friction anti-wear multialkylated cyclopentanes(MACs) resistant atomic irradiation

Voluminous continental growth of the Altaids and its control on metallogeny

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National Science Review 2023年第2期10卷 69-84页

作者： Tao wang He Huang Jianjun Zhang chaoyang wang Guangyue Cao Wenjiao Xiao Qidi Yang Xuewei Bao Beijing SHRIMP Center Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Key Laboratory of Earth Probe and Geodynamics Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences National Key Laboratory of Arid Area Ecological Security and Sustainable Development Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan Center of China Geological Survey School of Earth Sciences Zhejiang University

The Altaids is generally considered to be the largest Phanerozoic accretionary orogen on Earth,but it is unclear whether it was associated with extensive continental crustal growth and whether there is a link between the crustal growth and ore mineralization.This paper reviews whole-rock Nd and zircon Hf isotope data for felsic-intermediate-mafic igneous rocks in the Altaids and presents Nd+Hf isotopic contour maps for this region.The maps highlight the 3D lithospheric compositional architecture of the Altaids and make it possible to quantitatively evaluate the crustal growth and its relationship with ore deposits.The Altaids hosts ～4 107 350 km2and ～184 830 750 km3(assuming a crustal thickness of 40-50 km) juvenile crust(εNd(t)> 0),accounting for 58% by isotope-mapped area(～7 010 375 km2) of almost all outcrops of the Altaids(～8 745 000 km2) and formed during 1000-150 Ma(mainly 600-150 Ma).The juvenile crustal,slightly juvenile-reworked crustal and slightly reworked crustal provinces controlled the Cu-Au,the Pb-Zn-Ag and the Li-Be,Nb-Ta and W-Sn ore deposits.According to the crustal architecture and background of deep compositions,we propose that the ore deposits can be grouped into three types:juvenile crust-related,mixed-source(or slightly juvenile crust)-related and reworked crust-related.This highlights the close relationship between accretion,continental growth and mineralization,and will facilitate exploration for specific ore-deposit types in the Altaids.

关键词： 3D lithospheric architecture architecture evolution juvenile crust igneous rocks isotopic mapping metallogeny Central Asian Orogenic Belt(CAOB)

Endothelial phosphodiesterase 4B inactivation ameliorates endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition and pulmonary hypertension

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第4期14卷 1726-1741页

作者： Yanjiang Xing Yangfeng Hou Tianfei Fan Ran Gao Xiaohang Feng Bolun Li Junling Pang Wenjun Guo Ting Shu Jinqiu Li Jie Yang Qilong Mao Ya Luo Xianmei Qi Peiran Yang chaoyang Liang Hongmei Zhao Wenhui Chen Jing wang Chen wang State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China Department of Lung Transplantation National Center for Respiratory MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseasesChina–Japan Friendship HospitalInstitute of Respiratory MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100029China Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeTianjin 300051China The State Key Laboratory of Complex Severeand Rare DiseasesInstitute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical SciencesDepartment of PathophysiologyPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China Department of Pharmacy West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610044China

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a fatal disorder characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling and obstruction. The phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) family hydrolyzes cyclic AMP (cAMP) and is comprised of four subtypes (PDE4A–D). Previous studies have shown the beneficial effects of pan-PDE4 inhibitors in rodent PH;however, this class of drugs is associated with side effects owing to the broad inhibition of all four PDE4 isozymes. Here, we demonstrate that PDE4B is the predominant PDE isozyme in lungs and that it was upregulated in rodent and human PH lung tissues. We also confirmed that PDE4B is mainly expressed in the lung endothelial cells (ECs). Evaluation of PH in Pde4b wild type and knockout mice confirmed that Pde4b is important for the vascular remodeling associated with PH. In vivo EC lineage tracing demonstrated that Pde4b induces PH development by driving endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), and mechanistic studies showed that Pde4b regulates EndMT by antagonizing the cAMP-dependent PKA–CREB–BMPRII axis. Finally, treating PH rats with a PDE4B-specific inhibitor validated that PDE4B inhibition has a significant pharmacological effect in the alleviation of PH. Collectively, our findings indicate a critical role for PDE4B in EndMT and PH, prompting further studies of PDE4B-specific inhibitors as a therapeutic strategy for PH.

关键词： Phosphodiesterase 4B Pulmonary hypertension Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition

Alkali and alkaline ions co-substitution of P2 sodium layered oxides for sodium ion batteries

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2023年第5期42卷 13-21页

作者： Yuncai Chen Maolin Yang Liangtao Yang Ziwei Chen Huiyun Li Haw Jiunn Woo Shang-Sen Chi Yinguo Xiao Jun wang chaoyang wang Yonghong Deng Key University Laboratory of Highly Efficient Utilization of Solar Energy and Sustainable Development of Guangdong Department of Materials Science&EngineeringSchool of Innovation and EntrepreneurshipSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China Centre for Ionics University Malaya Department of PhysicsFaculty of ScienceUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia School of Advanced Materials Peking UniversityShenzhen Graduate SchoolShenzhen518055China Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055China Research Institute of Materials Science South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China

Alkali and alkaline ion substitutions enhance the electrochemical properties of P2 sodium layered oxide,while the effect on electrochemical property enhancement of alkali and alkaline ions co-substitution is still unclear.In this work,the structural and electrochemical properties of the Li alkali and Mg alkaline ions co-substituted P2 layered oxide Na_(0.67)(Li_(0.5)Mg_(0.5))_(0.1)(Ni_(0.33)Mn_(0.67))_(0.9)O_(2)are investigated in detail.Compared to the pristine and single-ion substituted materials,the co-substituted material shows an enhanced cycling performance with a reversible ca-pacity of 127 mAh/g and a capacity retention of 75%over 100 cycles at 0.5C.Galvanostatic intermittent titration technique(GITT)and cyclic voltammetry(CV)results show that the Li and Mg synergistically improve the ion diffusion.Moreover,the structure stability is also improved by the Li and Mg co-substitution that is clarified by operando X-ray diffraction(XRD)measurements.These results explain the origin of the enhanced electrochemical properties of the Li/Mg co-substituted P2 layered oxides for sodium ion batteries.

关键词： Sodium ions batteries Sodium layered oxides Alkali and alkaline elements co-substitution Neutron diffraction Structural evolution