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Manipulation of genetic recombination by editing the transcriptional regulatory regions of a meiotic gene in hybrid rice

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Plant Communications 2023年第2期4卷 1-3页

作者： Xin Wei Qing liu Tingting Sun Xiaozhen Jiao chaolei liu Yufeng Hua Xi Chen Kejian Wang State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou 310006China Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory Sanya 572025China

Dear Editor,Genetic breeding involves the recombination and selection of various valuable genes.Meiotic crossover(CO)promotes the generation of new allelic combinations on chromosomes,which is essential for breeding elite varieties(Wijnker and de Jong,2008).An increase in CO promotes genetic diversity,whereas a decrease can rapidly stabilize excellent traits(Mercier et al.,2015).Furthermore,the complete elimination of CO facilitates heterotic fixation during apomixis(Wang et al.,2019).

关键词： breeding elite elimination

Synthetic apomixis enables stable transgenerational transmission of heterotic phenotypes in hybrid rice

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Plant Communications 2023年第2期4卷 227-235页

作者： chaolei liu Zexue He Yan Zhang Fengyue Hu Mengqi Li Qing liu Yong Huang Jian Wang Wenli Zhang Chun Wang Kejian Wang State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement CIC-MCPNanjing Agriculture UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210095China Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab SanyaHainan 572025China

In hybrid plants,heterosis often produces large,vigorous plants with high yields;however,hybrid seeds are generated by costly and laborious crosses of inbred parents.Apomixis,in which a plant produces a clone of itself via asexual reproduction through seeds,may produce another revolution in plant biology.Recently,synthetic apomixis enabled clonal reproduction of F_(1) hybrids through seeds in rice(Oryza sativa),but the inheritance of the synthetic apomixis trait and superior heterotic phenotypes across generations remained unclear.Here,we propagated clonal plants to the T_(4) generation and investigated their genetic and molecular stability at each generation.By analyzing agronomic traits,as well as the genome,methylome,transcriptome,and allele-specific transcriptome,we showed that the descendant clonal plants remained stable.Unexpectedly,in addition to normal clonal seeds,the plants also produced a few aneuploids that had eliminated large genomic segments in each generation.Despite the identification of rare aneuploids,the observation that the synthetic apomixis trait is stably transmitted through multiple generations helps confirm the feasibility of using apomixis in the future.

关键词： synthetic apomixis hybrid rice transgenerational heredity stability

Development of nutritious rice with high zinc/selenium and low cadmium in grains through QTL pyramiding

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2020年第3期62卷 349-359页

作者： chaolei liu Shilin Ding Anpeng Zhang Kai Hong Hongzhen Jiang Shenglong Yang Banpu Ruan Bin Zhang Guojun Dong Longbiao Guo Dali Zeng Qian Qian Zhenyu Gao State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China

Enriching zinc(Zn) and selenium(Se) levels,while reducing cadmium(Cd) concentration in rice grains is of great benefit for human diet and health.Large natural variations in grain Zn, Se, and Cd concentrations in different rice accessions enable Zn/Sebiofortification and Cd-minimization through molecular breeding. Here, we report the development of new elite varieties by pyramiding major quantitative trait loci(QTLs) that significantly contribute to high Zn/Se and low Cd accumulation in grains. A chromosome segment substitution line CSSLGCC7 with the PA64s-derived GCC7 allele in the 93-11 background, exhibited steadily higher Mn and lower Cd concentrations in grains than those of 93-11. This elite chromosome segment substitution line(CSSL) was used as the core breeding material to cross with CSSLs harboring other major QTLs for essential mineral elements, especially CSSLGZC6 for grain Zn concentration and CSSLGSC5 for grain Se concentration. The CSSLGCC7+GZC6 and CSSLGCC7+GSC5 exhibited lower Cd concentration with higher Zn and Se concentrations in grains, respectively. Our study thus provides elite materials for rice breeding targeting high Zn/Se and low Cd concentrations in grains.

关键词： elite breeding pyramid

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基于蒙特卡罗模型的高浓度浆液细度在线测量

仪器仪表学报 2024年第1期45卷 170-179页

作者：张世玮刘鸿彬陈朝雷田昌苏明旭上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院上海200093 上海市动力工程多相流动与传热重点实验室上海200093

近年来颗粒粒径测量问题受到了国内外的广泛研究。针对燃煤电厂高浓度脱硫石灰石浆液细度在线测量,将基于蒙特卡罗方法的声衰减模型拓展至高浓度范围,高浓度蒙特卡罗模型(HC-MCM)预测衰减系数与实验测量值相吻合。构建HC-MCM矩阵用于颗... 详细信息

近年来颗粒粒径测量问题受到了国内外的广泛研究。针对燃煤电厂高浓度脱硫石灰石浆液细度在线测量,将基于蒙特卡罗方法的声衰减模型拓展至高浓度范围,高浓度蒙特卡罗模型(HC-MCM)预测衰减系数与实验测量值相吻合。构建HC-MCM矩阵用于颗粒粒径分布的反演可减小计算时间,且差分进化算法的计算结果与设定粒径和分布宽度的相对误差小于1%。搭建基于透射和反射法的双模式超声检测装置并开发软件测量系统,加工适用于高浓度浆液细度测量的透射传感器和超声探针,依托燃煤电厂完成长达168 h的浆液细度在线测量实验。结果表明,两种模式超声衰减谱的变化趋势和数值大小基本吻合。粒径分布参数D_(V50)与激光粒度仪测量结果的相对误差小于8%,其粒径分布满足燃煤电厂成品石灰石浆液的细度要求。

关键词：高浓度石灰石浆液蒙特卡罗模型超声测量粒径分布

Regeneration of spent LiFePO4 as a high-performance cathode material by a simultaneous coating and doping strategy

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2023年第6期30卷 1162-1170页

作者： Hui Tong Yi Li Gaoqiang Mao chaolei Wang Wanjing Yu Yong liu Mudan liu School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Development and Comprehensive Utilization of Mineral Resources Guangzhou 510560China National&Regional Joint Engineering Research Center of Nonferrous Metal Resource Recycling Changsha 410083China Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Battery Materials Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Institute of Resources Utilization and Rare Earth Development Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510560China

With the number of decommissioned electric vehicles increasing annually,a large amount of discarded power battery cathode material is in urgent need of treatment.However,common leaching methods for recovering metal salts are economically inefficient and polluting.Meanwhile,the recycled material obtained by lithium remediation alone has limited performance in cycling stability.Herein,a short method of solid-phase reduction is developed to recover spent LiFePO4 by simultaneously introducing Mg2+ions for hetero-atom doping.Issues of particle agglomeration,carbon layer breakage,lithium loss,and Fe3+defects in spent LiFePO4 are also addressed.Results show that Mg2+addition during regeneration can remarkably enhance the crystal structure stability and improve the Li+diffusion coefficient.The regenerated LiFePO4 exhibits significantly improved electrochemical performance with a specific discharge capacity of 143.2 mAh·g^(−1)at 0.2 C,and its capacity retention is extremely increased from 37.9%to 98.5%over 200 cycles at 1 C.Especially,its discharge capacity can reach 95.5 mAh·g^(−1)at 10 C,which is higher than that of spent LiFePO4(55.9 mAh·g^(−1)).All these results show that the proposed regeneration strategy of simultaneous carbon coating and Mg2+doping is suitable for the efficient treatment of spent LiFePO4.

关键词： spent LiFePO4 solid-phase reduction repair and regeneration cathode materials lithium-ion batteries

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跳扩散模型下的外汇联动交换期权定价

商丘师范学院学报 2024年第6期40卷 19-23页

作者：刘颖胡超蕾李文汉河北地质大学数理教学部河北石家庄050031

在风险中性测度下,建立以外币计价的在境外上市的具有跳扩散过程的股票价格和汇率满足的随机微分方程,研究了附有汇率在某一区间变动的示性函数的外汇联动交换期权的定价问题.在实证分析中,结合港元/人民币汇率和沪港通股票价格的真实数... 详细信息

在风险中性测度下,建立以外币计价的在境外上市的具有跳扩散过程的股票价格和汇率满足的随机微分方程,研究了附有汇率在某一区间变动的示性函数的外汇联动交换期权的定价问题.在实证分析中,结合港元/人民币汇率和沪港通股票价格的真实数据,讨论了所研究期权的定价问题,并与相关期权进行价格比较,同时对该期权的敏感度进行了分析.

关键词：汇率外汇期权跳扩散模型实证分析

基于InVEST模型和PLUS模型的云贵高原产水量时空变化特征分析

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现代地质 2024年第3期38卷 624-635页

作者：郭佳晖刘晓煌张文博杨朝磊王然雒新萍邢莉圆王超赵宏慧新疆大学地理与遥感科学学院新疆乌鲁木齐830017 自然资源要素耦合过程与效应重点实验室北京100055 金沙江高山峡谷区水土资源演化与固碳增汇效应云南省野外科学观测研究站云南楚雄651400 中国地质调查局自然资源综合调查指挥中心北京100055 中国地质调查局昆明自然资源综合调查中心云南昆明650111

对云贵高原产水量进行定量评估与研究,有利于探究该地区水资源的动态变化、维护该地区的生态安全以及构建该地区的生态平衡,对维持城市水源涵养具有重要的现实意义。本研究利用PLUS模型预测该地区2025与2030年土地利用类型,利用InVEST... 详细信息

对云贵高原产水量进行定量评估与研究,有利于探究该地区水资源的动态变化、维护该地区的生态安全以及构建该地区的生态平衡,对维持城市水源涵养具有重要的现实意义。本研究利用PLUS模型预测该地区2025与2030年土地利用类型,利用InVEST模型定量估算2000—2030年(以5年为一期)产水量,并对其进行时空分析;剖析了不同土地利用类型及不同坡度等级下的产水量变化情况;利用地理探测器对产水量进行驱动力分析。结果表明:(1)2000—2030年该地区产水总量呈现“下降-升高-下降-升高”的趋势,其产水总量分别是:7.818×10^(7)m^(3)、5.750×10^(7)m^(3)、4.700×10^(7)m^(3)、9.162×10^(7)m^(3)、7.498×10^(7)m^(3)、7.820×10^(7)m^(3)、8.999×10^(7)m^(3);产水量空间分布呈现东南和北部高、中部低特征;(2)未利用地是该地区产水量最高的地类;(3)气象因子的变化是引起云贵高原年产水量变化的主要因素。地理探测器的分析表明降水量、蒸散发量对产水量的解释力较强,降水量和土地利用的交互作用对产水量变化的解释力最强。产水量集中在坡度为0°~5°的区域,占总产水量的43.80%。研究结果可为云贵高原水资源的动态评估、有效管理和可持续发展提供科学参考。

关键词：产水量 InVEST模型 PLUS模型云贵高原地理探测器时空特征

Pulsed electrolysis of carbon dioxide by large-scale solid oxide electrolytic cells for intermittent renewable energy storage

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Carbon Energy 2023年第4期5卷 2-12页

作者： Anqi Wu chaolei Li Beibei Han Wu liu Yang Zhang Svenja Hanson Wanbing Guan Subhash C.Singhal Key Laboratory of Advanced Fuel Cells and Electrolyzers Technology of Zhejiang Province Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingboZhejiangChina Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingboZhejiangChina

CO_(2) electrolysis with solid oxide electrolytic cells(SOECs)using intermittently available renewable energy has potential applications for carbon neutrality and energy storage.In this study,a pulsed current strategy is used to replicate intermittent energy availability,and the stability and conversion rate of the cyclic operation by a large-scale flat-tube SOEC are studied.One hundred cycles under pulsed current ranging from -100 to -300 mA/cm^(2) with a total operating time of about 800 h were carried out.The results show that after 100 cycles,the cell voltage attenuates by 0.041%/cycle in the high current stage of−300 mA/cm^(2),indicating that the lifetime of the cell can reach up to about 500 cycles.The total CO_(2) conversion rate reached 52%,which is close to the theoretical value of 54.3% at -300 mA/cm^(2),and the calculated efficiency approached 98.2%,assuming heat recycling.This study illustrates the significant advantages of SOEC in efficient electrochemical energy conversion,carbon emission mitigation,and seasonal energy storage.

关键词： carbon dioxide cyclic electrolysis pulse current solid oxide electrolytic cells

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经典名方中白及的本草考证

中国实验方剂学杂志 2024年第4期30卷 77-88页

作者：赵丹周涛罗朝磊甘德卫刘灵玲康传志吴之坤李旭付艳曹国琼张永萍肖承鸿詹志来贵州中医药大学贵阳550025 中国中医科学院中药资源中心北京100700

通过查阅古代本草、方书、医籍和近现代文献资料,对白及名称、基原、学名演变、产地变迁、质量评价、采收加工及炮制等进行系统整理与考证,以期为含白及药材经典名方的开发和利用提供依据。考证结果表明,历代本草多以“白及”为正名,部... 详细信息

通过查阅古代本草、方书、医籍和近现代文献资料,对白及名称、基原、学名演变、产地变迁、质量评价、采收加工及炮制等进行系统整理与考证,以期为含白及药材经典名方的开发和利用提供依据。考证结果表明,历代本草多以“白及”为正名,部分学者习惯以“白芨”为正名,另有“白给”“白根”“白苙”等多个别名;历代主流来源为兰科植物白及Bletilla striata的块茎;药材品质以“身干、个大、色白、质坚、无须根、外皮去尽者”为佳,随着野生变家种的推广,其性状与野生药材存在一定差异,品质评价指标应作相应调整;历代白及著录产地较广,近代以贵州、四川所产量大质佳;采收期多在春秋两季,以秋季为佳;产地加工与炮制工艺较为简单,古代多鲜用或以粉末入药,现代则以切片生用为主。基于考证结果,建议经典名方中选用兰科植物白及Bletilla striata的块茎,统一规范书写为“白及”,原方注明炮制要求的根据要求操作,未注明炮制要求的可以生品入药。

关键词：白及本草考证基原学名产地品质评价采收与炮制