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Visible-light-enabled multicomponent synthesis of trifluoromethylated 3-indolequinoxalin-2(1H)-ones without external photocatalysis

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Green Synthesis and Catalysis

Green Synthesis and Catalysis 2024年第1期5卷 51-56页

作者： Letian Zhang Kai Zheng Pengfei Zhang Min Jiang Jiabin shen chao Chen chao shen Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention of Zhejiang Province College of Biology and Environmental EngineeringZhejiang Shuren UniversityHangzhou 310015China College of Petroleum Chemical Industry Changzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164China College of Material Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringKey Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material TechnologyMinistry of EducationHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 311121China

A novel and sustainable visible-light-enabled multicomponent reaction involving quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones,indoles,and CF3SO2Na that does not require an external photocatalyst is described.This photoinduced reaction employs air as the sole oxidant,thereby providing a green and highly step-efficient approach to a series of biologically important trifluoromethylated 3-indolequinoxalin-2(1H)-ones.

关键词： Visible-light-catalysis Three-component reaction Trifluoromethylation Quinoxalin-2(1H)-Ones Indoles

Black phosphorus quantum dots induce myocardial inflammatory responses and metabolic disorders in mice

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 53-64页

作者： chao shen Xiaoyan Ding Jinpeng Ruan Fengkai Ruan Weiping Hu Jiyi Huang Chengyong He Yi Yu Zhenghong Zuo Department of Nephrology State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress BiologySchool of Life SciencesFaculty of Medicine and Life SciencesFujian Clinical Research Center for Chronic Glomerular DiseaseThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen UniversitySchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China

As an ultrasmall derivative of black phosphorus(BP)sheets,BP quantum dots(BP-QDs)have been effectively used in many fields.Currently,information on the cardiotoxicity induced by BP-QDs remains limited.We aimed to evaluate BP-QD-induced cardiac toxicity in mice.Histopathological examination of heart tissue sections was performed.Transcriptome sequencing,real-time quantitative PCR(RT–qPCR),western blotting,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)assays were used to detect the m RNA and/or protein expression of proinfammatory cytokines,nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB),phosphatidylinositol3 kinase-protein kinase B(PI3K-AKT),peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma(PPARγ),and glucose/lipid metabolism pathway-related genes.We found that heart weight and heart/body weight index(HBI)were significantly reduced in mice after intragastric administration of 0.1 or 1 mg/kg BP-QDs for 28 days.In addition,obvious infammatory cell infiltration and increased cardiomyocyte diameter were observed in the BP-QD-treated groups.Altered expression of proinfammatory cytokines and genes related to the NF-κB signaling pathway further confirmed that BP-QD exposure induced infammatory responses.In addition,BP-QD treatment also affected the PI3K-AKT,PPARγ,thermogenesis,oxidative phosphorylation,and cardiac muscle contraction signaling pathways.The expression of genes related to glucose/lipid metabolism signaling pathways was dramatically affected by BP-QD exposure,and the effect was primarily mediated by the PPAR signaling pathway.Our study provides new insights into the toxicity of BP-QDs to human health.

关键词： BP-QDs Cardiac toxicity Infammatory responses NF-κB signaling pathway PPARγsignaling pathway Glucose/lipid metabolism

Re-delocalization of localized d-electrons in VO2（R）-VS4 hetero-structure enables high performance of rechargeable Mg-ion batteries

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1830-1840页

作者： Lijiao Zhou chao shen Xueyang Hou Zhao Fang Ting Jin Keyu Xie School of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University School of Metallurgical Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology

Rechargeable Mg-ion batteries（MIBs） have attracted much more attentions by virtue of the high capacity from the two electrons chemistry.However, the reversible Mg2+diffusion in cathode materials is restricted by the strong interactions between the high-polarized bivalent Mg2+ions and anionic lattice. Herein, we design and propose a hetero-structural VO2（R）-VS4cathode, in which the re-delocalized d-electrons can effectively shield the polarity of Mg2+ions. Theoretically, the electrons should spontaneously transfer from VS4to VO2（R） through the interfaces of hetero-structure due to the lower work function value of VS4. Furthermore, the internal electrons transfer lead to the electronic injection into VO2（R） from VS4and the partially broken V-V dimers, indicating the presence of lone pair electrons and charge re-delocalization. Benefiting from the shield effect of re-delocalized electrons, and the weakened attraction between cations and O/S anions enables more S2--S22-redox groups to participate the electrochemical reactions and compensate the double charge of Mg2+ions. Accordingly,VO2（R）-VS4hetero-structure exhibits a high specific capacity of 554 mA h g-1at 50 mA g-1. It is believed that the charge re-delocalization of cathode extremely boost the Mg2+ions migration for the high-capacity of MIBs.

关键词： Mg-ion batteries Cathode Charge delocalization Electronic structure Heterostructure

DeepLogic:Priority Testing of Deep Learning Through Interpretable Logic Units

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第4期33卷 948-964页

作者： Chenhao LIN Xingliang ZHANG chao shen Faculty of Electronic and Infomation Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University

With the increasing deployment of deep learning-based systems in various scenes, it is becoming important to conduct sufficient testing and evaluation of deep learning models to improve their interpretability and robustness. Recent studies have proposed different criteria and strategies for deep neural network(DNN) testing.However, they rarely conduct effective testing on the robustness of DNN models and lack interpretability. This paper proposes a new priority testing criterion, called DeepLogic, to analyze the robustness of the DNN models from the perspective of model interpretability. We first define the neural units in DNN with the highest average activation probability as “interpretable logic units”. We analyze the changes in these units to evaluate the model's robustness by conducting adversarial attacks. After that, the interpretable logic units of the inputs are taken as context attributes, and the probability distribution of the softmax layer in the model is taken as internal attributes to establish a comprehensive test prioritization framework. The weight fusion of context and internal factors is carried out, and the test cases are sorted according to this priority. The experimental results on four popular DNN models using eight testing metrics show that our DeepLogic significantly outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods.

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High performance and stable pure-blue quasi-2D perovskite light-emitting diodes by multifunctional zwitterionic passivation engineering

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第2期6卷 32-40页

作者： chao shen Shuyan Fang Jibin Zhang Xiangfei Liang Chenhui Su Jian Qing Wanzhu Cai Yunhan Luo Renqiang Yang Lintao Hou Jinan University College of Physics and Optical EngineeringGuangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy MaterialsGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Vacuum Coating Technologies and New Energy MaterialsGuangzhouChina Jinan University College of Physics and Optical EngineeringGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and CommunicationsGuangzhouChina Zhengzhou University School of Physics and MicroelectronicsKey Laboratory of Materials Physics of Ministry of EducationZhengzhouChina Jinan University Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education InstitutesGuangzhouChina Jianghan University School of Optoelectronic Materials and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Optoelectronic Chemical Materials and Devices of Ministry of EducationWuhanChina

Despite the rapid advances of red and green perovskite light-emitting diodes(Pe LEDs),achieving high brightness with high external quantum efficiency(EQE)remains a challenge for the pure-blue Pe LEDs,which greatly hinders their practical applications,such as white-light illumination and in optical communication as a high-speed and low-loss light source.Herein,we report a high-performance pure-blue Pe LED based on mixed-halide quasi-2D perovskites incorporated with a zwitterionic molecule of 3-(benzyldimethylammonio)propanesulfonate(3-BAS).Experimental and density functional theory analysis reveals that 3-BAS can simultaneously eliminate non-radiative recombination loss,suppress halide migration,and regulate phase distribution for smoothing energy transfer in the mixed-halide quasi-2D perovskites,leading to the final perovskites with high photoluminescence quantum yield and robust spectrum stability.Thus,the highperformance pure-blue Pe LED with a recorded brightness with 1806 cd m-2and a relative higher EQE of 9.25%is achieved,which is successfully demonstrated in a visible light communication system for voice signal transmission.We pave the way for achieving highly efficient pure-blue Pe LEDs with great application potential in future optical communication networks.

关键词： pure-blue PeLEDs quasi-2D perovskite zwitterionic additive visible light communication

Flexible 2 × 2 multiple access visible light communication system based on an integrated parallel GaN/InGaN micro-photodetector array module

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Photonics Research 2024年第4期12卷 793-803页

作者： ZENGYI XU XIANHAO LIN ZHITENG LUO QIANYING LIN JIANLI ZHANG GUANGXU WANG XIAOLAN WANG FENGYI JIANG ZIWEI LI JIANYANG SHI JUNWEN ZHANG chao shen NAN CHI Key Laboratory for Information Science of Electromagnetic Waves(MoE) Department of Communication Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China National Institute of LED on Silicon Substrate Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330096China

In recent studies, visible light communication(VLC) has been predicted to be a prospective technique in the future 6G communication systems. To suit the trend of exponentially growing connectivity, researchers have intensively studied techniques that enable multiple access(MA) in VLC systems, such as the MIMO system based on LED devices to support potential applications in the Internet of Things(IoT) or edge computing in the nextgeneration access network. However, their transmission rate is limited due to the intrinsic bandwidth of LED.Unfortunately, the majority of visible light laser communication (VLLC) research with beyond 10 Gb/s data rates concentrates on point-to-point links, or using discrete photodetector(PD) devices instead of an integrated array PD. In this paper, we demonstrated an integrated PD array device fabricated with a Si-substrated GaN/InGaN multiple-quantum-well(MQW) structure, which has a 4 × 4 array of 50 μm × 50 μm micro-PD units with a common cathode and anode. This single-integrated array successfully provides access for two different transmitters simultaneously in the experiment, implementing a 2 × 2 MIMO-VLLC link at 405 nm. The highest data rate achieved is 13.2 Gb/s, and the corresponding net data rate(NDR) achieved is 12.27 Gb/s after deducing the FEC overhead, using 2.2 GHz bandwidth and superposed PAM signals. Furthermore, we assess the Huffman-coded coding scheme, which brings a fine-grain adjustment in access capacity and enhances the overall data throughput when the user signal power varies drastically due to distance, weather, or other challenges in the channel condition. As far as we know, this is the first demonstration of multiple visible light laser source access based on a single integrated GaN/InGaN receiver module.

关键词： communication visible light

Development of in situ characterization techniques in molecular beam epitaxy

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第3期45卷 9-32页

作者： chao shen Wenkang Zhan Manyang Li Zhenyu Sun Jian Tang Zhaofeng Wu Chi Xu Bo Xu chao Zhao Zhanguo Wang Laboratory of Solid State Optoelectronics Information Technology Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101804China School of Physics Science and Technology Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830046China School of New Energy and Electronics Yancheng Teachers UniversityYancheng 224002China Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China

Ex situ characterization techniques in molecular beam epitaxy(MBE)have inherent limitations,such as being prone to sample contamination and unstable surfaces during sample transfer from the MBE chamber.In recent years,the need for improved accuracy and reliability in measurement has driven the increasing adoption of in situ characterization techniques.These techniques,such as reflection high-energy electron diffraction,scanning tunneling microscopy,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,allow direct observation of film growth processes in real time without exposing the sample to air,hence offering insights into the growth mechanisms of epitaxial films with controlled properties.By combining multiple in situ characterization techniques with MBE,researchers can better understand film growth processes,realizing novel materials with customized properties and extensive applications.This review aims to overview the benefits and achievements of in situ characterization techniques in MBE and their applications for material science research.In addition,through further analysis of these techniques regarding their challenges and potential solutions,particularly highlighting the assistance of machine learning to correlate in situ characterization with other material information,we hope to provide a guideline for future efforts in the development of novel monitoring and control schemes for MBE growth processes with improved material properties.

关键词： epitaxial growth thin film in situ characterization molecular beam epitaxy(MBE)

RNA m^(6)A reader YTHDF2 facilitates precursor miR-126 maturation to promote acute myeloid leukemia progression

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 382-396页

作者： Zheng Zhang Keren Zhou Li Han Andrew Small Jianhuang Xue Huilin Huang Hengyou Weng Rui Su Brandon Tan chao shen Wei Li Zhicong Zhao Ying Qing Xi Qin Kitty Wang Keith Leung Mark Boldin Chun-Wei Chen David Ann Zhijian Qian Xiaolan Deng Jianjun Chen Zhenhua Chen Department of Systems Biology Beckman Research Institute of City of HopeMonroviaCA 91016USA Irell and Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences Beckman Research Institute of City of HopeDuarteCA 91010USA Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research City of HopeDuarteCA 91010USA Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer MedicineGuangzhouGuangdong 510060China Guangzhou Laboratory GuangzhouGuangdong 510005China Bioland Laboratory GuangzhouGuangdong 51005China Department of Liver Surgery Renji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200127China Department of Diabetes Complications and Metabolism Beckman Research Institute of City of HopeDuarteCA 91010USA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32603USA Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell ResearchSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China School of Pharmacy China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning 110001China

As the most common internal modification of mRNA,Ne-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)and its regulators modulate gene expression and play critical roles in various biological and patholog-ical processes including tumorigenesis.It was reported previously that m^(6)A methyltransferase(writer),methyltransferase-like 3(METTL3)adds m^(6)A in primary microRNAs(pri-miRNAs)and fa-cilitates its processing into precursor miRNAs(pre-miRNAs).However,it is unknown whether m^(6)A modification also plays a role in the maturation process of pre-miRNAs and(if so)whether such a function contributes to tumorigenesis.Here,we found that YTHDF2 is aberrantly overexpressed in acute myeloid leukemia(AML)patients,especially in relapsed patients,and plays an onco-genic role in AML.Moreover,YTHDF2 promotes expression of miR-126-3p(also known as miR-126,as it is the main product of precursor miR-126(pre-miR-126)),a miRNA that was reported as an oncomiRNA in AML,through facilitating the processing of pre-miR-126 into mature miR-126.Mechanistically,YTHDF2 recognizes m^(6)A modification in pre-miR-126 and recruits AGO2,a regulator of pre-miRNA processing,to promote the maturation of pre-miR-126.YTHDF2 posi-tively and negatively correlates with miR-126 and miR-126's downstream target genes,respec-tively,in AML patients,and forced expression of miR-126 could largely rescue YTHDF2/Ythdf2 depletion-mediated suppression on AML cell growth/proliferation and leukemogenesis,indi-cating that miR-126 is a functionally important target of YTHDF2 in AML.Overall,our studies not only reveal a previously unappreciated YTHDF2/miR-126 axis in AML and highlight the ther-apeutic potential of targeting this axis for AML treatment,but also suggest that m^(6)A plays a role in pre-miRNA processing that contributes to tumorigenesis.

关键词： AML miR-126 N^(6)-methyladenosine Pre-miRNA maturation YTHDF2

Auto-parametric resonance of a continuous-beam-bridge model under two-point periodic excitation:an experimental investigation and stability analysis

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2024年第2期23卷 445-454页

作者： Li Yuchun shen chao Liu Wei Li Dong Department of Hydraulic Engineering College of Civil EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China

The auto-parametric resonance of a continuous-beam bridge model subjected to a two-point periodic excitation is experimentally and numerically investigated in this study.An auto-parametric resonance experiment of the test model is conducted to observe and measure the auto-parametric resonance of a continuous beam under a two-point excitation on columns.The parametric vibration equation is established for the test model using the finite-element method.The auto-parametric resonance stability of the structure is analyzed by using Newmark's method and the energy-growth exponent method.The effects of the phase difference of the two-point excitation on the stability boundaries of auto-parametric resonance are studied for the test model.Compared with the experiment,the numerical instability predictions of auto-parametric resonance are consistent with the test phenomena,and the numerical stability boundaries of auto-parametric resonance agree with the experimental ones.For a continuous beam bridge,when the ratio of multipoint excitation frequency(applied to the columns)to natural frequency of the continuous girder is approximately equal to 2,the continuous beam may undergo a strong auto-parametric resonance.Combined with the present experiment and analysis,a hypothesis of Volgograd Bridge's serpentine vibration is discussed.

关键词： auto-parametric resonance continuous beam bridge model two-point excitation experimental investigation stability analysis vibration of Volgograd Bridge