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Characters of Cysteine Endopeptidases in Wheat Endosperm during Seed Germination and Subsequent Seedling Growth

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2009年第1期51卷 52-57页

作者： chao Shi Lang-lai Xu College of Life Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China

The endopeptidases （EPs） in wheat endosperm during seed germination and subsequent seedling growth were characterized by gradient-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with gelatin copolymerized into the gel. Four cysteine EPs （EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4） were detected in wheat endosperm during the 7 d growth after seed imbibition. The results also showed that the activities of all of these EPs increased continuously, and EP2 first appeared and had the highest proteolytic activity among the four EPs in this experimental process. The optimum pH and temperature of all four EPs were 4.0 and 40.0 ~C. All EPs were completely inhibited by 25 μmol/L E-64 and had no good thermal stabilities, especially EP1. In addition, these EPs had different substrate specificities to albumins, globulins, gliadins and glutenins; the main storage proteins of mature wheat endosperm. Among them, EP2 had the highest proteolytic activities on globulins, gliadins and glutenins, and might be the most important and specific EP with potential to be tightly correlated with seedling development.

关键词： cysteine endopeptidase seed germination seedling development storage protein wheat endosperm.

Grafting polymeric sulfur onto carbon nanotubes as highly-active cathode for lithium–sulfur batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第3期29卷 27-33页

作者： Junfeng Wu Siyu Ding Shihai Ye chao lai Institute of New Energy Material Chemistry School of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Institute for Advanced MaterialsNankai UniversityTianjin 300350China School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou 221116JiangsuChina

Lithium–sulfur(Li–S)batteries are being explored as promising advanced energy storage systems due to their ultra-high energy ***,fast capacity fading and low coulombic efficiency,resulting from the dissolution of polysulfides,remain a serious *** to weak physical adsorptions or barriers,chemical confinement based on strong chemical interaction is a more effective approach to address the shuttle ***,we devise a novel polymeric sulfur/carbon nanotube composite for Li–S battery,for which 2,5-dithiobiurea is chosen as the stabilizer of long-chain *** offers chemical bonds which bridge the polymeric sulfur and carbon *** obtained composite can deliver an ultra-high reversible capacity of 1076.2 m Ahg^-1(based on the entire composite)at the rate of 0.1 C with an exceptional initial Coulombic efficiency of 96.2%,as well as remarkable cycle *** performance is mainly attributed to the reaction reversibility of the obtained polymeric sulfur-based composite during the discharge/charge *** was confirmed by density functional theory calculations for the first time.

关键词： Lithium–sulfur batteries Polymeric sulfur Carbon nanotubes DFT calculations High capacity

26-electrons redox-active polyoxovanadate clusters for aqueous zincion batteries

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Nano Research 2024年第5期17卷 4047-4054页

作者： Yimin Xing Wen Yan Haiyang Wu Peng Huang chao Wang chao lai School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou 221116China

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs)are attaining increasing attention for their high safety and low *** significant progresses in realizing high-performance cathode material for ZIBs,simultaneously endowing them with high capacity and fast-charging capability,the long-term cycling stability remains a major unsolved *** this work,a polyoxovanadate cluster of(NH_(4))_(8)[V_(19)O_(41)(OH)_(9)]·11H_(2)O(NOV)is defined as a cathode material for ZIBs that contains mixed-valence vanadium sites(V^(4+)and V^(5+)).A maximum of 26 electrons can be accommodated in one[V_(19)O_(41)(OH)_(9)]^(8-){V_(19)O_(50)}cluster,contributing to the high theoretical specific capacity of 328 mA·h·g^(-1).The Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene nanosheets are incorporated into NOV with the help of ionic liquid(IL)linkers to restrain the dissolution of vanadium species and facilitate electron transport across the *** interfacial bonding,anion exchange,and electrostatic interactions among NOV and MXene are provided by IL *** nanohybrid of NOV-IL-MXene endows excellent contact between MXene and NOV,thereby enhanced charge transfer is observed at ***,the as-synthesized NOV-IL-MXene cathodes exhibit high discharge capacity of 413 mA·h·g^(-1) at 0.2 A·g^(-1) even at high mass loading of 5.2 mg·cm^(-2),remarkable rate performance of 182 mA·h·g^(-1) at 10 A·g^(-1),and impressive cycling stability of 94%capacity retention after 2000 *** work opens up new opportunities to develop advanced polyoxovanadate hybrid cathodes for low-cost and high-performance aqueous ZIBs.

关键词： polyoxovanadate MXene composite materials cathodes zinc-ion batteries

Self-assembly synthesis of SnNb2O6/amino-functionalized graphene nanocomposite as high-rate anode materials for sodium-ion batteries

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Rare Metals 2021年第2期40卷 425-432页

作者： Min Huang Ji-Xin Liu Peng Huang Hai Hu chao lai Postdoctoral Innovation Practice Base Zhengzhou Normal UniversityZhengzhou450044China School of Chemistry and Material Science Jiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou221116China Superconducting Materials Research Center Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal ResearchXi’an710016China

A two-dimensional(2 D)SnNb_(2)O_(6)/amino-functionalized graphene(En-RGO)nanocomposite with a representative 2 D-2 D architecture has been constructed by an easy self-assembly approach and firstly investigated as anode materials for secondary sodium-ion *** SnNb_(2)O_(6)nanosheets are evenly anchored with the aminofunctionalized graphene through electrostatic attractive interplay between the negatively charged SnNb_(2)O_(6)and positively charged En-RGO after *** a result,a remarkable reversible capacity of 300 mAh·g^(-1)was obtained at 50 mA·g^(-1),and significantly,the En-RGO electrode could also deliver ultra-long calendar life up to1900 cycles with a high reversible capacity of200 mAh·g^(-1)at current of 500 mA·g^(-1).Such excellent electrochemical characteristics can be mainly ascribed to its fast pseudo-capacitive energy storage mechanism,and the capacitive contribution can even reach up to 90%at1.2 mV·s^(-1).

关键词： SnNb2O6 Amino-functionalized graphene Anode material Sodium-ion batteries

Highly reversible Zn anode enabled by anticatalytic carbon layer with suppressed hydrogen evolution

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 3044-3054页

作者： Wen-Duo Zhang Chuang Sun Yu-Xuan Zhu Feng Gao chao lai School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou221116China

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)have emerged as a promising high-efficiency energy storage system due to the high energy density,low-cost and environmental ***,the practical application of AZIBs is severely restricted by the challenges faced by the Zn anode,which include uncontrollable dendrite growth,corrosion and hydrogen evolution ***,a simple and convenient physical vapor deposition(PVD)method is reported for fabricating uniform graphite as a protection layer on the surface of Zn *** high conductivity graphite layer on Zn anode(denoted as Zn@C)not only benefits the uniform distribution of the electric field,but also provides numerous Zn nucleation sites to regulate and navigate Zn-ion stripping/plating ***,the graphite layer with a poor catalytic activity endows the Zn@C anode with a highly suppressed hydrogen ***,a hydrogen and dendrite free anode is achieved with artificial anticatalytic carbon layer on Zn anode,exhibiting a high reversibility and excellent cycling stability over 2600 h at the current density of 5 mA·cm^(-2)with a capacity of 2.5 mAh·cm^(-2)and longtime cycling stability for assembled full *** work strategically designs the properties of the artificial interface layer to effectively address various challenges simultaneously,which presents insights for the future development of high-performance rechargeable AZIBs.

关键词： Zn metal anode Artificial anticatalytic layer Hydrogen suppression Dendrite free

Water Reducer: A Highly Dispersing Binder for High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2021年第6期39卷 1523-1530页

作者： Xin Geng Ruihao Lin Xingxing Gu Zhi Su chao lai College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xinjiang Normal UniversityUrumqiXinjiang 830054China School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhouJiangsu 221116China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Catalysis and New Environmental Materials College of Environment and ResourcesChongqing Technology and Business UniversityChongqing 400065China

Sulfur has been paid close attention by the research and manufacturing as a cathode material for lithium-sulfur batteries(LSB)in recent decade because it has high specific capacity and low *** the low utilization of active materials and serious shuttle phenomenon inhibit its commercialization *** this work,for the first time,water reducers are reported as multifunctional binders to address the above problems to enhance the performance of *** to the synthetic actions of the water reducer binder,such as highly dispersing effect and good chemical trapping function,commercial sulfur powders are directly used as cathodes,and much better electrochemical performance compared to using the conventional binder polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)was obtained,among which the sulfur cathode with sulfonated melamine formaldehyde(SMF)water reducer binder exhibits a high reversible capacity of 625.5 mA·h·g^(-1) after 200 cycles at 1 C and the cathode with polycarboxylic acid(PC)water reducer binder even demonstrates a high area specific capacity of 5 mA·h·cm^(-2) at high sulfur loading of 5 mg·cm^(-2).These low-cost water reducers are a promising binder for LSB in the future.

关键词： Energy conversion Polymers Binder Polyanions Adsorption

Thioacetamide Additive Homogenizing Zn Deposition Revealed by In Situ Digital Holography for Advanced Zn Ion Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第6期16卷 261-275页

作者： Kaixin Ren Min Li Qinghong Wang Baohua Liu Chuang Sun Boyu Yuan chao lai Lifang Jiao chao Wang School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou 221116JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Laser Materials and Devices School ofPhysics and Electronic EngineeringJiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou 221116JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry(Ministry of Education) Nankai University300071 TianjinPeople’s Republic of China

Zinc ion batteries are considered as potential energy storage devices due to their advantages of low-cost,high-safety,and high theoretical ***,dendrite growth and chemical corrosion occurring on Zn anode limit their *** problems can be tackled through the optimization of the ***,the screening of electrolyte additives using normal electrochemical methods is time-consuming and ***,a fast and simple method based on the digital holography is *** can realize the in situ monitoring of electrode/electrolyte interface and provide direct information concerning ion concentration evolution of the diffusion *** is effective and time-saving in estimating the homogeneity of the deposition layer and predicting the tendency of dendrite growth,thus able to value the applicability of electrolyte *** feasibility of this method is further validated by the forecast and evaluation of thioacetamide *** on systematic characterization,it is proved that the introduction of thioacetamide can not only regulate the interficial ion flux to induce dendrite-free Zn deposition,but also construct adsorption molecule layers to inhibit side reactions of Zn *** easy to operate,capable of in situ observation,and able to endure harsh conditions,digital holography method will be a promising approach for the interfacial investigation of other battery systems.

关键词： Digital holographic microscopy In situ observation Electrode/electrolyte interface Zn dendrites Screening electrolyte additives

Interfacial fusion-enhanced 11 μm-thick gel polymer electrolyte for high-performance lithium metal batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第11期98卷 58-66页

作者： Ying Jiang Xinyue Hong Peng Huang Jing Shi Wen Yan chao lai School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou 221116JiangsuChina

In the pursuit of ultrathin polymer electrolyte(<20 μm) for lithium metal batteries, achieving a balance between mechanical strength and interfacial stability is crucial for the longevity of the ***, 11 μm-thick gel polymer electrolyte is designed via an integrated electrode/electrolyte structure supported by lithium metal anode. Benefiting from an exemplary superiority of excellent mechanical property, high ionic conductivity, and robust interfacial adhesion, the in-situ formed polymer electrolyte reinforced by titanosiloxane networks(ISPTS) embodies multifunctional roles of physical barrier, ionic carrier, and artificial protective layer at the interface. The potent interfacial interactions foster a seamless fusion of the electrode/electrolyte interfaces and enable continuous ion transport. Moreover, the built-in ISPTS electrolyte participates in the formation of gradient solid-electrolyte interphase(SEI) layer, which enhances the SEI's structural integrity against the strain induced by volume fluctuations of lithium ***, the resultant 11 μm-thick ISPTS electrolyte enables lithium symmetric cells with cycling stability over 600 h and LiFePO_(4) cells with remarkable capacity retention of 96.6% after 800 *** study provides a new avenue for designing ultrathin polymer electrolytes towards stable, safe,and high-energy–density lithium metal batteries.

关键词： Ultrathin gel polymer electrolyte Integrated electrode/electrolyte structure Quasi-solid-state lithium metal battery Solid-electrolyte interphase

Effect of normalization on texture evolution of 0.2-mm-thick thingauge non-oriented electrical steels with strong η-fiber textures

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2019年第11期26卷 1219-1227页

作者： Jing Qin De-fu Liu Ye Yue Hong-jin Zhao chao-bin lai School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou 341000JiangxiChina School of Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou 341000JiangxiChina

Thin-gauge non-oriented electrical steel sheets of 0.2 mm in thickness with high magnetic induction and low core loss were produced by a two-stage cold-rolling method with and without normalization *** through-process texture evolutions of the two processes were compared and studied by means of X-ray diffractometer and electron backscattered *** showed that excellent magnetic properties were attributed to strong η-fiber recrystallization texture in the final *** γ-fiber-oriented grains after intermediate annealing and medium cold-rolling reduction were considered key factors to obtain a strong γ-fiber texture given that a large number of shear bands within the γ-fiber deformed matrix provided dominant nucleation sites for η-fiber-oriented *** normalization annealing after hot rolling was favorable for the retention of cube texture,thereby decreasing the magnetic anisotropy of thin-gauge non-oriented electrical steels.

关键词： Thin-gauge non-oriented electrical steel Two-stage cold-rolling method Microstructure Texture evolution Magnetic property