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Oxygen vacancy engineering on cerium oxide nanowires for room-temperature linalool detection in rice aging

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2022年第10期11卷 1559-1570页

作者： Jinyong XU Chao Zhang College of Mechanical Engineering Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225127China

It is a huge challenge for metal oxide semiconductor gas sensors to inspect volatile organic compounds(VOCs)at room temperature(RT).Herein,the effective utilization of cerium oxide(CeO_(2))nanowires for RT detection of VOCs was realized via regulating its surface chemical state.Oxygen vacancy engineering on CeO_(2) nanowires,synthesized via hydrothermal method,can be manipulated by annealing under various controlled atmospheres.The sample annealed under 5%H_(2)+95%Ar condition exhibited outstanding RT sensing properties,displaying a high response of 16.7 towards 20 ppm linalool,a fast response and recovery time(16 and 121 s,respectively),and a low detection of limit of 0.54 ppm.The enhanced sensing performance could be ascribed for the synergistic effects of its nanowire morphology,the large specific surface area(83.95 m^(2)/g),and the formation of extensive oxygen vacancy accompanied by an increase in Ce^(3+).Additionally,the practicability of the sensor was verified via two varieties of rice(Indica and Japonica rice)stored in various periods(1,3,5,7,15,and 30 d).The experimental results revealed that the sensor was able to distinguish Indica rice from Japonica rice.Accordingly,the as-developed sensor delivers a strategic material to develop high-performance RT electronic nose equipment for monitoring rice quality.

关键词： erium oxide(CeO_(2)) nanowire oxygen vacancy linalool gas sensor

Three-dimensional general magneto-electro-elastic finite element model for multiphysics nonlinear analysis of layered composites

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2023年第1期44卷 53-72页

作者： Zheng GONG Yinxiao zhang Ernian PAN Chao Zhang School of Aeronautics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China Joint International Research Laboratory of Impact Dynamics and Its Engineering Applications Xi'an 710072China Civil Engineering and Institute of Pioneer Semiconductor Innovation Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchu 30010TaiwanChina School of Civil Aviation Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China

In this paper,by defining a general potential energy for the multiphase coupled multiferroics and applying the minimum energy principle,the coupled governing equations are derived.This system of equations is then discretized as a general three-dimensional(3D)finite element(FE)model based on the COMSOL software.After validating the formulation,it is then applied to the analysis and design of the common sandwich structure of multiferroics composites.Under the typical static loading,the effects of general lateral boundary conditions,material grading,nonlinearity,as well as polarization orientation on the composites are analyzed.For the magneto-electro-elastic(MEE)sandwich made of piezoelectric BaTiO_(3)and magnetostrictive CoFe_(2)O_(4)with different stacking sequences,various interesting features are observed which should be very helpful for the design of high-performance multiphase composites.

关键词： multiferroics sandwich composite magneto-electro-elastic(MEE)material multilayered plate nonlinear behavior

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Multi-heterointerfaces for selective and efficient urea production

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National Science Review 2023年第2期10卷 212-223页

作者： Danyan zhang Yurui Xue Xuchen Zheng Chao Zhang Yuliang Li Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShandong University

A major impediment to industrial urea synthesis is the lack of catalysts with high selectivity and activity,which inhibits the efficient industrial production of urea.Here,we report a new catalyst system suitable for the highly selective synthesis of industrial urea by in situ growth of graphdiyne on the surface of cobalt-nickel mixed oxides.Such a catalyst is a multi-heterojunction interfacial structure resulting in the obvious incomplete charge-transfer phenomenon between a graphdiyne and metal oxide interface and multiple intermolecular interactions.These intrinsic characteristics are the origin of the high performance of the catalyst.Studies on the me chanism reve al that the catalyst could effectively optimize the adsorption/desorption capacities of the intermediate and promote direct C-N coupling by significantly suppressing by-product reactions toward the formation of H2,CO,N2and NH3.The catalyst can selectively synthesize urea directly from nitrite and carbon dioxide in water at room temperature and pressure,and exhibits a record-high Faradaic efficiency of 64.3%,nitrogen selectivity(Nurea-selectivity) of86.0%,carbon selectivity(Curea-selectivity) of ～100%,as well as urea yield rates of 913.2 μg h-1mgcat-1and remarkable long-term stability.

关键词： porous materials carbon materials multi-heterointerfaces urea synthesis high-performance conversion

Peripheral actions and direct central-local communications of melanocortin 4 receptor signaling

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第1期12卷 45-51页

作者： Lei Li Jinye Liang Cong zhang Tiemin Liu Chao Zhang Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine Shanghai East HospitalShanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease ResearchFrontier Science Center for Stem Cell ResearchSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Department of Biology University of IowaIowa CityIA 52242USA State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Department of Endocrinology and Metabolismand School of Life SciencesZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

Melanocortin 4 receptor(MC4R),the most important monogenetic cause of human metabolic disorders,has been of great interest to many researchers in the field of energy homeostasis and public health.Because MC4R is a vital pharmaceutical target for maintaining controllable appetite and body weight for professional athletes,previous studies have mainly focused on the central,rather than the peripheral,roles of MC4R.Thus,the local expression of MC4R and its behavioral regulation remain unclear.In an attempt to shed light on different directions for future studies of MC4R signaling,we review a series of recent and important studies exploring the peripheral functions of MC4R and the direct physiological interaction between peripheral organs and central MC4R neurons in this article.

关键词： Body weight Energy homeostasis GPCR Melanocortin-4 receptor

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Nonlinear effects in topological materials

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2021年第1期14卷 99-109页

作者： Jack WZUBER Chao Zhang School of Physics University of WollongongNew South Wales 2522Australia

Materials,where charge carriers have a linear energy dispersion,usually exhibit a strong nonlinear optical response in the absence of disorder scattering.This nonlinear response is particularly interesting in the terahertz frequency region.We present a theoretical and numerical investigation of charge transport and nonlinear effects,such as the high harmonic generation in topological materials including Weyl semimetals(WSMs)and α-T_(3)systems.The nonlinear optical conductivity is calculated both semi-classically using the velocity operator and quantum mechanically using the density matrix.We show that the nonlinear response is strongly dependent on temperature and topological parameters,such as the Weyl point(WP)separation b and Berry phase ФB.A finite spectral gap opening can further modify the nonlinear effects.Under certain parameters,universal behaviors of both the linear and nonlinear response can be observed.Coupled with experimentally accessible critical field values of 10^(4)-10^(5) V=m,our results provide useful information on developing nonlinear optoelectronic devices based on topological materials.

关键词： terahertz nonlinear effects topological materials Weyl semimetals(WSMs) α-T_(3) systems

Numerical investigations on gas-solid flow in circulating fluidized bed risers using a new cluster-based drag model

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Particuology 2022年第4期20卷 9-23页

作者： Zeneng Sun Chao Zhang Jesse Zhu Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering.The University of Western Ontario LondonOntarioN6A 3K7Canada Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering The University of Western OntarioLondonOntarioN6A 3K7Canada

A cluster-based drag model is proposed for the gas-solid circulating fluidized bed(CFB)riser by including the cluster information collected from image processing and wavelet analysis into the calculation of system drag.The performance of the proposed drag model is compared with some commonly used drag models.A good agreement with the experimental data is achieved by the proposed cluster-based drag model.Error analysis of the proposed cluster-based drag model based on the local distributions of solids holdup and particle velocity is conducted.The clustering phenomenon in the low-density and high-density CFB risers and the effect of the cluster size on the simulation accuracy are also numerically studied by the proposed drag model.

关键词： Drag model Clustering effect Gas-solid flow structures Circulating fluidized bed

Response of atmospheric circulation to multiscale SST anomaly associated with Kuroshio Extension decadal variability warming in winter

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Science China Earth Sciences 2021年第1期64卷 2098-2112页

作者： Jianqi zhang Chongyin LI Chao Zhang College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha410073China LASG Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China

The response of atmospheric circulation to sea surface temperature anomaly(SSTA)of different scales in extratropical oceans has always been a popular issue in air-sea interactions,especially regarding the influence of widely active,small-scale ocean eddies on the atmosphere.Based on the regional climate model RegCM4.6,three sets of ensemble experiments with different initial values were designed,and the response of atmospheric circulation and possible mechanisms to Kuroshio Extension Decadal Variability SSTA with different scales(KEDV-induced SSTA)during winter were discussed.The response of atmospheric circulation to the KEDV-induced mesoscale SSTA presents a broadly tripolar pattern,while the response to the KEDV-induced large-scale SSTA presents a baroclinic structure in the central Pacific and a dipole-type response with a barotropic structure in the eastern Pacific.Further diagnostic analysis shows that under the influence of mesoscale SSTA,transient eddy activity is strengthened,and feedback of transient eddy plays a major role in the large-scale circulation anomaly in the central-eastern Pacific.The associated barotropic energy conversion also plays an important role in maintaining the largescale circulation anomaly in the northwestern Pacific Ocean.Under the influence of large-scale SSTA,diabatic heating is stronger,and the feedback of diabatic heating plays a major role in the large-scale circulation anomaly.

关键词： Ensemble experiments Kuroshio Extension Different scales Transient eddy feedback Diabetic heating

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Low-rank constrained weighted discriminative regression for multi-view feature learning

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2021年第4期6卷 471-479页

作者： Chao Zhang Huaxiong Li Department of Control and Systems Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing210093China

In recent years,multi-view learning has attracted much attention in the fields of data mining,knowledge discovery and machine learning,and been widely used in classification,clustering and information retrieval,and so forth.A new supervised feature learning method for multi-view data,called low-rank constrained weighted discriminative regression(LWDR),is proposed.Different from previous methods handling each view separately,LWDR learns a discriminative projection matrix by fully exploiting the complementary information among all views from a unified perspective.Based on least squares regression model,the highdimensional multi-view data is mapped into a common subspace,in which different views have different weights in ptojection.The weights are adaptively updated to estimate the roles of all views.To improve the intra-class similarity of learned features,a low-rank constraint is designed and imposed on the multi-view features of each class,which improves the feature discrimination.An iterative optimization algorithm is designed to solve the LWDR model efficiently;Experiments on four popular datasets,including Handwritten,CaltechlOl,PIE and AwA,demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： method constrained weights

Relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors to determination of wing morphs of the brown planthopper Nilaparvatalugens

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Insect Science 2023年第1期30卷 208-220页

作者： Chao Zhang Meng-Sha Mao Xiang-Dong Liu Department of Entomology Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina

Wing dimorphism is a fascinating feature of the ability of insects to adapt to environments.The brown planthopper(BPH)Nilaparvata lugens,a serious pest of rice,can switch between the long-and short-winged morphs.It has been known that environmental factors can affect the wing morph of BPH.However,it is still unclear whether the effect of environment is dependent on BPH genetic backgrounds or not.In the present study,we established the pure-bred lineages of short-and long-winged BPHs via multigenerational selection,and we found that survival and fecundity were similar between these 2 lineages.Wing morphs of the pure-bred lineages were almost fully dependent on genetics,but independent of the environmental factors,nymphal density and rice plant stage,2 key factors affecting BPH wing morphs.In the unselected BPH population,short-and longwinged morphs were produced depending on those 2 environmental factors,indicating the contribution of environment to wing morph.In the wing-selected lineages,4 developmental regulated genes of wing,NllnRI,NllnR2,NIAkt,and NIFoxo were expressed stably in the short-winged adults,but almost silenced in the long-winged adults.However,all these genes were expressed normally with a similar level in both the short-and long-winged adults in an unselected population except NlFoxo.The pure-bred lineages of long-and short-winged morphs exhibited different expression patterns of wing development-regulated genes,suggesting the genetic determination of wing morphs.Effects of environmental factors on wing morphs occurred only in the genetic mix population.

关键词： environmental effect gene expression genetic determination Nilaparvata lugens pure-bred lineage wing dimorphism