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Mepanipyrim induces visual developmental toxicity and vision-guided behavioral alteration in zebrafish larvae

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第2期124卷 76-88页

作者： Chao Shen Yimei Cai Jialing Li Chengyong He Zhenghong Zuo State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology School of Life SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

Mepanipyrim,an anilinopyrimidine fungicide,has been extensively used to prevent fungal diseases in fruit culture.Currently,research on mepanipyrim-induced toxicity in organisms is still very scarce,especially visual developmental toxicity.Here,zebrafish larvae were employed to investigate mepanipyrim-induced visual developmental toxicity.Intense light andmonochromatic light stimuli-evoked escape experiments were used to investigate vision-guided behaviors.Meanwhile,transcriptomic sequencing and real-time quantitative PCR assays were applied to assess the potential mechanisms of mepanipyrim-induced visual developmental toxicity and vision-guided behavioral alteration.Our results showed that mepanipyrim exposure could induce retinal impairment and vision-guided behavioral alteration in larval zebrafish.In addition,the grk1b gene of the phototransduction signaling pathway was found to be a potential aryl hydrocarbon receptor(AhR)-regulated gene.Mepanipyrim-induced visual developmental toxicity was potentially related to the AhR signaling pathway.Furthermore,mepanipyrim-induced behavioral alteration was guided by the visual function,and the effects of mepanipyrim on long and middle wavelength light-sensitive opsins may be the main cause of vision-guided behavioral alteration.Our results provide insights into understanding the relationship between visual development and vision-guided behaviors induced by mepanipyrim exposure.

关键词： Danio rerio mepanipyrim visual developmental toxicity vision-guided behaviors phototransduction signaling pathway grk1b

Transient Stability Analysis and Design of VSGs with Different DC-Link Voltage Controllers

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第2期10卷 593-604页

作者： Chao Shen Wei Gu Wanxing sheng Keyan Liu School of Electrical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjingChina Power Distribution Research Department China Electric Power Research InstituteBeijing 100192China

Virtual synchronous control has been widely studied for the advantages of emulating inertia for voltage source converters (VSCs). A constant dc-link voltage is usually assumed in existing literature to estimate transient stability of virtual synchronous generators (VSGs). However, actual power supply in the dc-side of VSGs is limited and different dc-link voltage controllers are needed to achieve power balance between DC side and AC side. Addition of dc-link voltage controller has great influence on transient behavior of VSGs, which has not been investigated by previous research. To fill this gap, this paper gives insights into the effect of dc-link voltage dynamics on transient stability of VSGs. First, two typical kinds of VSGs with dc-link voltage controllers are introduced. Then, mathematical models considering dc-link dynamics are established and the effect of dc-link voltage controllers on transient synchronization stability of VSGs is revealed through equal area criterion (EAC). It is found that dc-link voltage controller would reduce stability margin of VSGs and design-oriented transient stability analysis is carried out quantitively using critical clearing time (CCT). Finally, simulation results are given to validate correctness of theoretical analysis.

关键词： DC-link voltage dynamics equal area criterion(eac) transient synchronization stability virtual synchronous generator(VSG)

Pyrometallurgical recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries from conventional roasting to synergistic pyrolysis with organic wastes

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第10期85卷 547-561,I0014页

作者： chao Pan Yafei shen China Energy Science and Technology Research Institute Co.Ltd. Nanjing 210023JiangsuChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control(AEMPC) Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologySchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044JiangsuChina

The synergistic pyrolysis has been increasingly used for recycling spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)and organic wastes(hydrogen and carbon sources),which are in-situ transformed into various reducing agents such as H_(2),CO,and char via carbothermal and/or gas thermal reduction.Compared with the conventional roasting methods,this“killing two birds with one stone”strategy can not only reduce the cost and energy consumption,but also realize the valorization of organic wastes.This paper concluded the research progress in synergistic pyrolysis recycling of spent LIBs and organic wastes.On the one hand,valued metals such as Li,Co,Ni,and Mn can be recovered through the pyrolysis of the cathode materials with inherent organic materials(e.g.,separator,electrolyte)or graphite anode.During the pyrolysis process,the organic materials are decomposed into char and gases(e.g.,CO,H_(2),and CH_(4))as reducing agents,while the cathode material is decomposed and then converted into Li_(2)CO_(3) and low-valent transition metals or their oxides via in-situ thermal reduction.The formed Li_(2)CO_(3) can be easily recovered by the water leaching process,while the formed transition metals or their oxides(e.g.,Co,CoO,Ni,MnO,etc.)can be recovered by the reductant-free acid leaching or magnetic separation process.On the other hand,organic wastes(e.g.,biomass,plastics,etc.)as abundant hydrogen and carbon sources can be converted into gas(e.g.,H_(2),CO,etc.)and char via pyrolysis.The cathode materials are decomposed and subsequently reduced by the pyrolysis gas and char.In addition,the pyrolysis oil and gas can be upgraded by catalytic reforming with the active metals derived from cathode material.Finally,great challenges are proposed to promote this promising technology in the industrial applications.

关键词： Synergistic pyrolysis Spent LIBs Biomass Recycling Reduction roasting

Reduced Model of Droop-controlled Converters for Transient Simulation Analysis

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Chinese Journal of Electrical Engineering 2022年第3期8卷 112-122页

作者： Yingjie Tan Yang shen Min Xu Chao Shen Jinyong Lei Electric Power Research Institute CSGGuangzhou 510663China College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

In recent years,the transient stability problems encountered by power grids have increasingly attracted interest due to the connection of renewable energy resources.One of the effective methods for studying the transient characteristics of a system is transient simulation analysis.To reduce the simulation time,especially in a system with numerous renewable energy resources,model reduction has been widely employed.However,when a general reduced model is adopted to analyze different transient characteristics,a tradeoff between accuracy and simulation speed emerges.In this study,reduced model selection is implemented to resolve this problem.Considering the droop-controlled converter as an example,this approach allows the transient simulation analysis of voltage,frequency,and power angle characteristics.First,a full-order model of the droop-controlled inverter is formulated.Thereafter,the singular perturbation method is applied to derive different reduced-order models.Then,considering accuracy and simulation speed simultaneously,the most suitable reduced models for transient angle,voltage,and frequency simulation analyses are determined through time-domain simulation comparison.Finally,the simulation results based on Matlab/Simulink are used to verify the correctness of the reduced model selection.

关键词： Droop-controlled inverter transient analysis reduced-order model singular perturbation

How to get high-efficiency lead chalcogenide quantum dot solar cells?

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2023年第1期66卷 34-59页

作者： chao Ding Qing shen Faculty of Informatics and Engineering The University of Electro-CommunicationsTokyo 182-8585Japan

Lead chalcogenide colloidal quantum dots(CQDs)are regarded as attractive absorption materials for novel solar cells(SCs).The cost of lead chalcogenide CQD has been decreased to a commercialization target of$5/g due to the direct production of CQD inks.However,the photoelectric conversion efficiency(PCE)of lead chalcogenide CQDSCs is presently close to 14%,well below the commercialization target(20%),which is only 41%of the theoretical Shockley-Queisser limit efficiency.In this study,the different losses of open-circuit voltage(V_(oc)),fill factor(FF),and short circuit current density(J_(sc))for current CQDSCs are systematically discussed,as well as the percentage and likely causes of each loss.Then the primary reasons for the CQDSCs’performance constraints are highlighted.Following that,we focus on the CQDSCs interfaces(i.e.,CQD/CQD,CQD/HTL,and ETL/CQD)and explore viable ways to reduce device performance loss.Finally,based on the discussion above,we propose many enhancements to significantly solve numerous major obstacles impeding device performance to boost the PCE of CQDSCs for future commercialization significantly.

关键词： lead chalcogenide colloidal quantum dots solar cell interface engineering non-radiative carrier recombination charge carrier transport losses

Performance Evaluation of an Anomaly-Detection Algorithm for Keystroke-Typing Based Insider Detection

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2018年第5期23卷 513-525页

作者： Liang He Zhixiang Li Chao Shen National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Blind Signal Processing Chengdu 610041 China Ministry of Education Key Lab for Intelligent Networks and Network Security Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710004 China

Keystroke dynamics is the process to identify or authenticate individuals based on their typing rhythm behaviors. Several classifications have been proposed to verify a user＇s legitimacy, and the performances of these classifications should be confirmed to identify the most promising research direction. However, classification research contains several experiments with different conditions such as datasets and methodologies. This study aims to benchmark the algorithms to the same dataset and features to equally measure all performances. Using a dataset that contains the typing rhythm of 51 subjects, we implement and evaluate 15 classifiers measured by Fl-measure, which is the harmonic mean of a false-negative identification rate and false-positive identification rate. We also develop a methodology to process the typing data. By considering a case in which the model will reject the outsider, we tested the algorithms on an open set. Additionally, we tested different parameters in random forest and k nearest neighbors classifications to achieve better results and explore the cause of their high performance. We also tested the dataset on one-class classification and explained the results of the experiment. The top-performing classifier achieves an Fl-measure rate of 92% while using the normalized typing data of 50 subjects to train and the remaining data to test. The results, along with the normalization methodology, constitute a benchmark for comparing the classifiers and measuring the performance of keystroke dynamics for insider detection.

关键词： keystroke dynamics insider identification Fl-measure normalization one-class classification

Three-Dimensional Scene Encryption Algorithm Based on Phase Iteration Algorithm of the Angular-Spectral Domain

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2020年第4期7卷 1074-1080页

作者： chao Han Yuzhen shen the School of Electrical Engineering Anhui Polytechnic Universityand also with the Key Laboratory of Advanced Perception and Intelligent Control of High-end EquipmentMinistry of EducationWuhu 241000China

In order to increase the capacity of encrypted information and reduce the loss of information transmission, a three-dimensional(3 D) scene encryption algorithm based on the phase iteration of the angular spectrum domain is proposed in this paper. The algorithm, which adopts the layer-oriented method, generates the computer generated hologram by encoding the three-dimensional scene. Then the computer generated hologram is encoded into three pure phase functions by adopting the phase iterative algorithm based on angular spectrum domain,and the encryption process is completed. The three-dimensional scene encryption can improve the capacity of the information,and the three-phase iterative algorithm can guarantee the security of the encryption information. The numerical simulation results show that the algorithm proposed in this paper realized the encryption and decryption of three-dimensional scenes. At the same time, it can ensure the safety of the encrypted information and increase the capacity of the encrypted information.

关键词： Angular spectrum diffraction information capacity phase iteration three-dimensional scene encryption

Chemically stable polypyrrole-modified liquid metal nanoparticles with the promising photothermal conversion capability

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第32期127卷 144-152页

作者： Yaqin Qi Ting Jin Kai Yuan Jingyuan You Chao Shen Keyu Xie State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center for Nano Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene(NPU)Xi’an 710072China Research&Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in shenzhen Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityShenzhen 518057China

The gallium-based eutectic alloy has gained particular attention in various fields due to its natural features of metallic fluids at room temperature.However,these alloy nanoparticles are extremely susceptible to be oxidized accompanied by de-alloying during the preparation,storage,and application.Here,with the assistance of the macromolecular stabilizer and dopant,sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate(SDBS),we demonstrate a stable polypyrrole(PPy)layer acts as a protected“armor”on the surface of liquid metal(i.e.,gallium-tin,EGaSn).SDBS enables the EGa Sn to keep well dispersion and protects dispersed EGaSn from being durative oxidized before PPy coating.Furthermore,PPy greatly inhibits the oxidation of EGaSn owing to the strong interface interaction between the lone pair electrons around the N atoms of Py rings and the Ga3+orbit of EGaSn.Consequently,the fabricated EGaSn nanoparticles possess the features of smaller particle size,superior uniform distribution,and stronger antioxidant capacity.The prepared EGaSn@PPy composite exhibits superior stability even after storing in an aqueous solution for up to 100 days.As a proof-of-concept application,the EGaSn@PPy composite displays remarkable photothermal performance with an enhanced photothermal conversion efficiency.This work provides a novel surface engineering strategy to ameliorate liquid metal for photothermal therapy applications.

关键词： Liquid metal Polypyrrole Polymeric architecture Stability Photothermal

A self-healing liquid metal anode for lithium-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第9期31卷 522-531,I0015页

作者： Yaqin Qi Chao Shen Qian Hou Zengying Ren Ting Jin Keyu Xie State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Center for Nano Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical University and Shaanxi Joint Laboratory of Graphene(NPU)Xi’an 710072ShaanxiChina Research&Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in shenzhen Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityShenzhen 518057GuangdongChina

The gallium-based liquid metal as one of the self-healing materials has gained wide attention, especially in the energy storage system. However, volume expansion with the ‘‘liquid-solid-liquid”transformation process still leads to un-controlled electrode failure, which stimulates the irreversibility of liquid metal and hinders their self-healing effect as the anode for lithium-ion batteries. Herein, the polypyrrole(PPy) with highly conductive and adhesive features is first introduced to fasten the liquid metal nanoparticles(gallium-tin alloy, EGaSn) in the integrated electrode and applied as the anode for lithium-ion batteries. A tightly PPy wrapped EGaSn nanoparticles structure is formed during the in-situ polymerization synthesis process, which effectively avoids the detachment of solid alloyed products. Based on the features of PPy, polyacrylic acid is added to facilitate strengthening the integrity of the electrode by constructing the hydrogen bond. The ‘‘dual-insurance” design endows the EGaSn to exhibit superior electrochemical kinetics and an astonishing self-healing effect. As a result, the customized anode displays superior cycling stability(499.8 mAh g^(-1) after 500 cycles at 1.0 A g^(-1))and rate capability(350 mAh g^(-1) at 2.0 A g^(-1)).This work enriches the electrode engineering technology of liquid metal nanoparticles and opens up a new way to customize the self-healing anode for lithium-ion batteries.

关键词： Liquid metal Self-healing Polypyrrole Li-ion battery Stability