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Metallographic investigationof first full-sizehigh-Jc Nb_(3)Sn cable-in-conduit conductor aftercyclicloadingtests

Superconductivity 2024年第1期9卷 1-8页

作者： chao dai Yunhao Liu Zichuan Guo Yu Wu Arend Nijhuis Tianjun Xue Zuojiafeng Wu Jinggang Qin Huainan New Energy Research Center Huainan 232000People’s Republic of China University of Twente EnergyMaterials and SystemsFaculty of Science and TechnologyEnschede 7500AENetherlands University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026People’s Republic of China Baiyin Non-ferrous Changtong Wire&Cable Co.Ltd BaiyinGansu 730900People’s Republic of China Longteng Mechanical and Electrical Co. LtdYiChun 336000People’s Republic of China

In order to verify the feasibility of applying high-Jc Nb_(3)Sn strand in fusion magnet,a full-size cable-in-conduit conductor(CICC)with short twist pitch(STP)cable pattern was manufactured and tested in SULTAN facility at SPC,Switzerland.Three levels of cyclic electromagnetic(EM)load were applied on the sample stepwise,no visible decrease of current sharing temperature(TcsT was observed until the EM load increased to 80 kA×10.8 T,after that the Tcs decreased dramatically with the EM cycles,which suggested that irreversible deformation,causing a change in the strain state,or even damage has occurred in the superconducting strands.For investigating the reason which caused the conductor performance degradation,the tested conductor was dissected for metallographic observation.Eight segments which subjected to different EM loads were extracted from one of the legs,the geometric feature changes of the cable cross-sections were analyzed and compared.A good correlation was found between the decrease of the Tcs and deformation of the cable cross section.A mass of cracks were found on the sub-elements of strands in the segment which subjected to highest EM load,but the amount of crack is much lower in other segments.Combining the analyses,it is speculated that the critical EM load which causes irreversible degradation is between 850 kN/m and 870 kN/m for this conductor.The results could be a reference in high-Jc Nb_(3)Sn CICC design.

关键词： High‐Jc Nb_(3)Sn Cable‐in‐conduit conductor Metallography

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Identification of LRRC46 as a novel candidate gene for high myopia

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： Lingxi Jiang chao dai Yao Wei Bo Zhao Qi Li Zhengzheng Wu Liang Zou Zimeng Ye Zhenglin Yang Lulin Huang Yi Shi Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study and the Center for Medical Genetics Department of Laboratory Medicine Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Department of Ophthalmology Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Food and Bioengineering Chengdu University School of Medicine University of Sydney Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026) Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital Jinfeng Laboratory

High myopia(HM) is the primary cause of blindness, with the microstructural organization and composition of collagenous fibers in the cornea and sclera playing a crucial role in the biomechanical behavior of these tissues. In a previously reported myopic linkage region,MYP5(17q21–22), a potential candidate gene, LRRC46(c.C235T, p.Q79X), was identified in a large Han Chinese pedigree. LRRC46 is expressed in various eye tissues in humans and mice, including the retina, cornea, and sclera. In subsequent cell experiments, the mutation(c.C235T) decreased the expression of LRRC46 protein in human corneal epithelial cells(HCE-T). Further investigation revealed that Lrrc46–/–mice(KO) exhibited a classical myopia phenotype. The thickness of the cornea and sclera in KO mice became thinner and more pronounced with age, the activity of limbal stem cells decreased, and microstructural changes were observed in the fibroblasts of the sclera and cornea. We performed RNA-seq on scleral and corneal tissues of KO and normal control wild-type(WT) mice, which indicated a significant downregulation of the collagen synthesis-related pathway(extracellular matrix, ECM) in KO mice. Subsequent in vitro studies further indicated that LRRC46, a member of the important LRR protein family, primarily affected the formation of collagens. This study suggested that LRRC46 is a novel candidate gene for HM, influencing collagen protein VIII(Col8a1) formation in the eye and gradually altering the biomechanical structure of the cornea and sclera, thereby promoting the occurrence and development of HM.

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Switching,explosion,and chaos of multi-wavelength soliton states in ultrafast fiber lasers

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第7期67卷 82-90页

作者： Zhi-Zeng Si Yue-Yue Wang chao-Qing dai College of Optical Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringZhejiang A&F UniversityLin’an 311300China

Because of the complexity and difficulty of realizing a multi-wavelength soliton state,reports on its internal dynamic characteristics are scarce.In this study,the switching and periodic soliton explosion processes of the multi-wavelength soliton state in a negative dispersion passively mode-locked fiber laser are realized.The generation of the multi-wavelength soliton state undergoes the process of noise,oscillation,and stable mode-locking,and the splitting and annihilation of solitons with different group velocities directly impact the generation and disappearance of three wavelengths.Positive and negative dispersion lead to different group velocities of solitons.The presence and displacement of solitons with different group velocities cause soliton collisions,which lead to soliton explosions.A soliton experiences relative phase oscillation,chaos,and oscillation,as well as convergence and separation before and after an explosion.With an increase in parameters related to pump power,single-soliton oscillation,multi-wavelength solitons,and chaos are found in experiments and simulations,proving the relevance and reliability between simulation and experimental results.This work promotes the dynamical study of multi-soliton collisions in nonlinear science and the development of chaos theory in multi-comb lasers.

关键词： multi-wavelength fiber laser soliton explosion chaos state switching real-time dynamics

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The Nature-Based Ecological Engineering Paradigm: Symbiosis, Coupling, and Coordination

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Engineering 2022年第12期19卷 14-21页

作者： Xiahui Wang Jinnan Wang Bo Wang Benjamin Burkhard Lulu Che chao dai Lijie Zheng Institute of Ecological Conservation and Restoration Chinese Academy of Environmental PlanningBeijing 100012China Joint Laboratory of Ecological Products and Natural Capital Beijing 100012China Center of Biodiversity and Nature Reserves Chinese Academy of Environmental PlanningBeijing 100012China Institute of Physical Geography and Landscape Ecology Leibniz University HannoverHannover LS 30167Germany

1.Introduction We are currently facing three major ecological threats on a global scale:biodiversity loss,climate change,and environmental pollution exacerbation.The degradation of terrestrial and marine ecosystems poses a major risk to human survival and development,brings serious impacts to the wellbeing of 3.2 billion people,and causes the loss of about 10%of the annual global gross domestic product(GDP)[1,2].Meanwhile,the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)epidemic is still spreading rapidly throughout the world,showing that the present relationship between humans and nature is unsustainable.It is necessary to protect nature so as to maintain the self-resilience of ecosystems.

关键词： Ecological ecosystems maintain

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Thermophoresis effects on gas-particle phases flow behaviors in entrained flow coal gasifier using Eulerian model

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2017年第6期25卷 712-721页

作者： chao dai Fan Gu School of Energy and Environment Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China

A numerical model based on the Eulerian–Eulerian two-fluid approach is used to simulate the gasification of coal char inside an entrained flow gasifier. In this model, effects of thermophoresis of coal char particles are thoroughly investigated. The thermophoresis is due to the gas temperature gradient caused by absorpted heat of coal char gasification. This work, firstly, calculates the gas temperature gradient and thermophoretic force at1100 °C,1200 °C,1300 °C and 1400 °C wall temperatures. Then, the changes of particle volume fraction and velocity in the gasifier are studied in the simulation with thermophoresis or not. The results indicate that considering the particle thermophoresis has some effects on the calculation of particle volume fraction in the gasifier, especially at wall temperature of 1400 °C, and the maximum particle volume fraction variance ratio reaches up to 1.38% on wall surface of the gasifier. These effects are mainly caused by large gas temperature gradient along the radial direction of the gasifier. For the particle velocity, the changes are small but can be observable along radial direction of the gasifier, which has good agreement with the distributions of radial gas temperature gradient and thermophoretic force. These changes above may have certain effects on gasification reaction rates in this Eulerian model. So the change of gasification reaction rates in the simulation with thermophoresis or not is studied finally.

关键词： Gasification Thermophoresis Eulerian model Two-phase flow

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压力隧洞钢筋混凝土衬砌水-力相互作用分析

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山西师范大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第2期38卷 104-110页

作者：代超中铁十八局集团第三工程有限公司河北保定072750

在高内部水压力下,混凝土衬砌压力隧道需要铺设钢筋承受破坏.由于水流是通过衬砌到达岩体,需要合理的布置钢筋以最大限度地减少隧道的水量损失.本文利用开发的子程序以评估内部水压力对多孔介质渗透系数变化的影响,分析了衬砌中的钢筋... 详细信息

在高内部水压力下,混凝土衬砌压力隧道需要铺设钢筋承受破坏.由于水流是通过衬砌到达岩体,需要合理的布置钢筋以最大限度地减少隧道的水量损失.本文利用开发的子程序以评估内部水压力对多孔介质渗透系数变化的影响,分析了衬砌中的钢筋分布对隧道水量损失的影响.为了验证所提出的模型,根据介质的弹性特性对数值解和解析解进行了比较,得到了比较一致的结果.在相同的配筋率下,小直径和小间距的钢筋布置方式的钢筋混凝土衬砌隧道水量损失较小.

关键词：压力隧道钢筋混凝土衬砌耦合有限元模型

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Dynamic photoelectrical regulation of ECM protein and cellular behaviors

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第4期22卷 168-179页

作者： Xiaozhao Wang Cai Yao Xudong Yao Junxin Lin Rui Li Kun Huang Weiming Lin Xiaojun Long chao dai Jiajun Dong Xuegong Yu a Wenwen Huang Wenjian Weng Qi Wang Hongwei Ouyang Kui Cheng School of Materials Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Silicon MaterialsCyrus Tang Center for Sensor Materials and ApplicationsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China Dr.Li Dak Sum&Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Department of Orthopedic Surgery of the Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310058China Department of Sports Medicine Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310058China Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute Zhejiang University School of MedicineKey Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou314400China China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group(CORMed) Hangzhou310058China School of Chemistry Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China International Institutes of Medicine The Fourth Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineNo.N1Shangcheng AvenueYiwu322000China

Dynamic regulation of cell-extracellular matrix(ECM)-material interactions is crucial for various biomedical applications.In this study,a light-activated molecular switch for the modulation of cell attachment/detachment behaviors was established on monolayer graphene(Gr)/n-type Silicon substrates(Gr/Si).Initiated by light illumination at the Gr/Si interface,pre-adsorbed proteins(bovine serum albumin,ECM proteins collagen-1,and fibronectin)underwent protonation to achieve negative charge transfer to Gr films(n-doping)throughπ-πinteractions.This n-doping process stimulated the conformational switches of ECM proteins.The structural alterations in these ECM interactors significantly reduced the specificity of the cell surface receptor-ligand interaction(e.g.,integrin recognition),leading to dynamic regulation of cell adhesion and eventual cell detachment.RNA-sequencing results revealed that the detached bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell sheets from the Gr/Si system manifested regulated immunoregulatory properties and enhanced osteogenic differentiation,implying their potential application in bone tissue regeneration.This work not only provides a fast and feasible method for controllable cells/cell sheets harvesting but also gives new insights into the understanding of cell-ECM-material communications.

关键词： Graphene Protein conformational change Charge transfer Cell-materials interaction n-doping

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Space Charge Characteristics of Oil-paper Insulation in the Electro-thermal Aging Process

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2016年第2期2卷 40-46页

作者： Yuanxiang Zhou chao dai Meng Huang Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 10084China Electrical Engineering Department Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China

High electric field and temperatures can result in electrical property degradation of oil-paper insulation and accelerate its aging process.This paper describes the regulation of space charge in the process of electro-thermal aging.Electric field distortion and differences in characteristic parameters during electro-thermal aging are analyzed,along with the effects of electro-thermal aging on space charge from the perspective of trap energy.High temperature and an electric field are used to accelerate the aging of oil-paper,and space charge characteristics are measured using the pulsed electro-acoustic(PEA)method throughout the electro-thermal aging.Based on results obtained,it can be concluded that homo-charge injection occurs at the anode and the type of the charge injection at the cathode varies throughout the electro-thermal aging;the decrease of permittivity during aging allows for space charge injection to take place;growth of trap depth makes the space charge accumulate in the middle of the sample;and space charge accumulation after electro-thermal aging results in inner electric field distortion,which leads to large current and decreased breakdown in voltages.

关键词： Electric field distortion electro-thermal aging homogeneous charge oil-paper insulation pulsed electro-acoustic(PEA)method space charge

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Tunable Three-Wavelength Fiber Laser and Transient Switching between Three-Wavelength Soliton and Q-Switched Mode-Locked States

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第2期41卷 10-13页

作者：司志增戴朝卿刘威 College of Optical Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringZhejiang A&F UniversityLin’an 311300China

We report a passive mode-locked fiber laser that can realize single-wavelength tuning and multi-wavelength spacing tuning simultaneously.The tuning range is from 1528 nm–1560 nm,and up to three bands of soliton states can be output at the same time.These results are confirmed by a nonlinear Schrodinger equation model based on the split-step Fourier method.In addition,we reveal a way to transform the multi-wavelength soliton state into the Q-switched mode-locked state,which is period doubling.These results will promote the development of optical communication,optical sensing and multi-signal pulse emission.

关键词： tuning switched Switching

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An inexact risk management model for agricultural land-use planning under water shortage

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2016年第3期10卷 419-431页

作者： Wei LI Changchun FENG chao dai Yongping LI Chunhui LI Ming LIU College of Urban and Environmental Science Peking University Beijing 100871 China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China Sino-Canada Resources and Environmental Research Academy North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206 China School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Water resources availability has a significant impact on agricultural land-use planning, especially in a water shortage area such as North China. The random nature of available water resources and other uncertainties in an agricultural system present risk for land-use planning and may lead to undesirable decisions or potential economic loss. In this study, an inexact risk management model （IRM） was developed for supporting agricultural land-use planning and risk analysis under water shortage. The IRM model was formulated through incorporating a conditional value-at-risk （CVaR） constraint into an inexact two-stage stochastic programming （ITSP） framework, and could be used to control uncertainties expressed as not only probability distributions but also as discrete intervals. The measure of risk about the second-stage penalty cost was incorporated into the model so that the trade-off between system benefit and extreme expected loss could be analyzed. The developed model was applied to a case study in the Zhangweinan River Basin, a typical agricultural region facing serious water shortage in North China. Solutions of the IRM model showed that the obtained first-stage land-use target values could be used to reflect decision-makers＇ opinions on the long-term devel- opment plan. The confidence level a and maximum acceptable risk loss fl could be used to reflect decision- makers＇ preference towards system benefit and risk control. The results indicated that the IRM model was useful for reflecting the decision-makers＇ attitudes toward risk aversion and could help seek cost-effective agricul- tural land-use planning strategies under complex uncer- tainties.

关键词： agricultural land-use planning risk manage-ment CVaR uncertainty water shortage

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