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Evaluation of the Inhibitory Effect of a Medicinal Herb <i>Phyllanthus amarus</i>on the Activity of <i>α</i>-Amylase, Pepsin and Trypsin

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Advances in Enzyme Research 2020年第1期8卷 1-18页

作者： chanjugaa uthayakumar Santhosh Rupert School of Science Northumbria University (UK) Colombo Sri Lanka

The medical herb Phyllanthus amarus play a crucial role in indigenous medicine. Therapeutically, these plants’ extract acts as potential players that inhibits several digestive enzymes that are relevant to the management of Peptic ulcers and Diabetes Mellitus, which occur due to the overproduction of such enzymes. Evaluation of inhibitory effect of this extract was carried out against Pepsin, α-amylase, Trypsin enzymes along with the effect of thermal stability and ammonium sulphate precipitation on these inhibitory assays. P. amarus leave’s extract with different concentration gradients were used in this research analysis. Results obtained along with the literature analysis revealed photochemical compounds such as polyphenols causes inhibitory nature in the extract. Maximal percentage of inhibition of amylase, pepsin and trypsin were found to be 71% (0.32 mg/ml), 85% (0.08 mg/ml) and 87% (1.28 mg/ml) respectively. In thermal stability assay the maximum percentage of inhibition for amylase, pepsin and trypsin was observed at 30% (80°C), 68% (4°C) and 5% (37°C). Enzymes inhibitory assays on ammonium sulphate precipitation elicited maximum percentage of inhibition for amylase, pepsin and trypsin as 42% (at 45% of (NH4)2SO4), 58% (at 15% of (NH4)2SO4) and 40% (at 30% of (NH4)2SO4) respectively. This research concluded that Phyllanthus amarus leave extracts are potential inhibitors of α-amylase, pepsin and trypsin enzymes. Ammonium sulphate precipitation was helpful to purify the polyphenols the active compounds to a good extend. Also, thermal stability was helpful to check the stability of these active photochemical compounds present in the extract. Thus, P. amarus is an effective inhibitor to b

关键词： Herb Enzymatic Inhibitor Disease Management Digestive Enzyme

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Role of Tyrosine Kinase Receptors in Growth Factor Mediated Signal Transduction, with Specific Reference to MAPK/Rasand p13k-Akt Containing Pathways in Oncogenesis: A Qualitative Database Review

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2022年第4期12卷 135-146页

作者： chanjugaa uthayakumar Rajavarthani Sanjeev Trincomalee Campus Eastern University Chenkaladi Sri Lanka Department of Human Biology Faculty of Health-Care Sciences Eastern University Chenkaladi Sri Lanka

Receptor Tyrosine kinases (RTKs) play a crucial role in the signal transduction pathways at cellular levels. RTK plays a vital role in cellular communication and transmission of signals to the adjacent cells and regulates different functions of the cell, such as cellular growth, differentiation, metabolism and motility. RTK s triggers growth factor receptors such as epidermal growth factor, insulin growth factor-1 receptor, platelet derived growth factor receptor, and fibro blast growth factor receptor and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, thereby initiating and regulating cell growth and proliferation. MAPK/RAS and PI3/AKT pathways are the major pathways of RTK’s function. Dysregulation of these RTK’s and pathways often leads to many diseases such as Noonan Syndrome, Logius Syndrome, CFC syndrome and different types of cancer. Point mutation and over expression of receptors and mutations in Ras leads to 30% of human cancers. Also over expression of different growth factor receptors by RTK too lead to several types of cancers as Glioblastoma, Thyroid cancer, Colon cancer and Non-small cell lung cancer. PTEN mutation in PI3/AKT pathway often leads to carcinoma relative to Thyroid, Skin, Large intestine, eye and Bone. Therefore, these RTK’s often used as targets for cancer therapies. The medical sector uses various types of small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as ATP competitive inhibitors, Allosteric inhibitors and covalent inhibitors which are known as Afatinib, Crizotinib, Eroltinib, Icotinib, Lepatinib and Lenvatinib in treatment and management of differential carcinomas.

关键词： Receptor Tyrosine Kinase PI3/AKT MAP Kinase PTEN Cancer Receptor Inhibitor

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Impact of Obesity in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2021年第2期14卷 21-32页

作者： chanjugaa uthayakumar Supeshala Kotalawala Department of Applied Science Northumbria University New Castle United Kingdom

“Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease” is the alarming health risk around the world today. Nearly 1/3 of the world’s population is affected by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Many scientists put forward two hit hypotheses to explain the pathophysiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. With the aid of trials using Biopsy, ultrasound scan and molecular techniques, scientists explained an authentic evidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease progression is ultimately because of obesity and its commodities, such as Cardio vascular diseases, Diabetes and Metabolic syndrome. This review mainly focuses on how obesity leads to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease based on statistical analysis of different research studies conducted by the research scientists. In the analysis of 1980-2003, out of 505 individuals, 305 were affected with NAFLD and among them, 64.3% were obese. In the analysis of the period of 1996-2002, out of 550 NAFLD patients, 70.36% were obese. Also in the analysis of 2010-2015 period of time, mostly 90% of the NAFLD patients were obese. It was also revealed that, along with NAFLD and obesity, diabetes and hyperlipidemia also exist as the commodities of obesity. Attention of medical field is towards the treatment and analysis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease which is expected to be the reason of liver transplant by 2020.

关键词： Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Obesity Diabetes Cardiovascular Diseases Insulin Resistance Metabolic Syndrome and Biopsy

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Role of Tyrosine Kinase Receptors in Growth Factor Mediated Signal Transduction,with Specific Reference to MAPK/Rasand p13k-Akt Containing Pathways in Oncogenesis: A Qualitative Database Review

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American Journal of Molecular Biology（美国分子生物学期刊） 2022年第4期

作者： chanjugaa uthayakumar rajavarthani sanjeev

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