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Phthalimide and Naphthalimide end-Capped Diketopyrrolopyrrole for Organic Photovoltaic Applications

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2017年第9期35卷 1396-1404页

作者： Ming Chen Chenchen Du Xiaolei Ren maoheng Yi Jinduo Yi Chufeng Chen Feng Liu Minjie Li changqi ma Hongyu Wang Department of Chemistry College of Science Shanghai University 99 Shangda Road Shanghai 200444 China Printable Electronics Research Center Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics Chinese Academy of Sciences 398 Ruo Shui Road SEID SIP Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China No. 2 High School Affiliated to East China Normal University Zizhu 350 Zifeng Road Minhang District Shanghai 200241 China Department of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China

Two small molecules named PI-DPP and NI-DPP with a DPP core as the central strong acceptor unit and phthalimide/naphthalimide as the terminal weak acceptor were designed and synthesized. The effects of terminal phthalimide/naphthalimide units on the thermal behavior, optical and electrochemical properties, as well as the photovoltaic performance of these two materials were systematically studied. Cyclic voltammetry revealed that the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals （LUMO）（- -3.6 eV） of both molecules were intermediate to common electron donor （P3HT） and acceptor （PCBM）. This indicated that PI-DPP and NI-DPP may uniquely serve as electron donor when blended with PCBM, and as electron acceptor when blended with P3HT, where sufficient driving forces between DPPs and PCBM, as well as between P3HT and DPPs should be created for exciton dissociation. Using as electron donor materials, PI-DPP and NI-DPP devices exhibited low power conversion efficiencies （PCEs） of 0.90% and 0.76% by blending with PCBM, respectively. And a preliminary evaluation of the potential of the NI-DPP as electron acceptor material was carried out using P3HT as a donor material, and P3HT：NI-DPP device showed a PCE of 0.6%, with an open circuit voltage （Voc） of 0.7 V, a short circuit current density （Jsc） of 1.91 ma·cm^-2, and a fill factor （FF） of 45%.

关键词： diketopyrrolopyrrole phthalimide naphthalimide organic solar cells non-fullerene acceptor

Layer-by-layer slot-die coated high-efficiency organic solar cells processed using twin boiling point solvents under ambient condition

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Nano Research 2021年第11期14卷 4236-4242页

作者： Yu Yang Erming Feng Hengyue Li Zichao Shen Wanrong Liu Jingbo Guo Qun Luo Jidong Zhang Guanghao Lu changqi ma Junliang Yang Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-microstructure and Ultrafast Process School of Physics and ElectronicsCentral South UniversityChangsha410083China Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710054China Printable Electronics Research Center Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou215123China Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesChangchun130022China

Layer-by-layer (LbL) strategy has been developed to form bulk heterojunction (BHJ) structure for processing efficient organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, LbL slot-die coating with twin boiling point solvents (TBPS) strategy was developed to fabricate highly efficient OSCs, which matches with large-scale, high throughput roll-to-roll (R2R) industrialized mass process. The TBPS strategy could produce high-quality thin film without any additive, leading to the optimized vertical phase separation with interpenetrating nanostructures, as well as the enhanced charge transport and extraction. Thus, the power conversion efficiency up to 14.42% was achieved for [(2,6-(4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl-3-fluoro)thiophen-2-yl)-benzo [1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene))-alt-(5,5-(1′,3′-di-2-thienyl-5′,7′-bis(2-ethylhexyl)benzo[1′,2′-c:4′,5′-c′]dithiophene-4,8-dione)]:2,2′-((2Z,2′Z)-((12,13-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-3,9-diundecyl-12,13-dihydro-[1,2,5]thiadiazolo[3,4-e]thieno[2″,3″:4″,5″]thieno[2′,3′:4,5]pyrrolo[3,2-g]thieno[2′,3′:4,5]thieno[3,2-b]indole-2,10-diyl)bis(methanylylidene)) bis(5,6-difluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-2,1-diylidene))dimalononitrile (PM6:Y6) OSCs fabricated via sequentially LbL slot-die coating using the TBPS strategy under ambient condition. The research provides a potential route for industrialized production of high-efficiency and large-area OSC devices.

关键词： organic solar cells slot-die coating twin boiling point solvent layer-by-layer(LbL) vertical phase separation

26.75 cm^(2) organic solar modules demonstrate a certified efficiency of 14.34%

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Journal of Semiconductors 2022年第10期43卷 7-27页

作者： Erming Feng Yunfei Han Jianhui Chang Hengyue Li Keqing Huang Lixiu Zhang Qun Luo Jidong Zhang changqi ma Yingping Zou Liming Ding Junliang Yang Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-Microstructure and Ultrafast Process School of Physics and ElectronicsCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China Printable Electronics Research Center Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123China College of Engineering and Computer Science Australian National UniversityCanberra 2600Australia Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication(CAS)National Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190China Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130022China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China

Organic solar cells(OSCs)have been developed rapidly in past years,due to the fast evolution of wide-bandgap copoly-mer donors and low-bandgap non-fullerene acceptors[1−9].At present,the highest power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)for single-junction OSCs and tandem OSCs exceed 19%and 20%,respectively[10,11].These OSCs are typically fabricated by us-ing low-boiling-point solvent chloroform(CF)with an effect-ive areamateri-al utilization[13−15].Herein,a typical OSC material system PM6:Y6(Fig.1(a))was used to fabricate OSCs modules via doc-tor-blading deposition in ambient condition,and the influ-ence of the ambient temperature and substrate temperature on the film quality was investigated.

关键词： ambient modules boiling

How Does Inward FDI Hinder or Promote Outward FDI？ Three Cases of Chinese Automotive Industry

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Frontiers of Business Research in China 2015年第2期9卷 268-292页

作者： Xiaobai ma changqi Wu Lin Zhang Guanghua School of management Peking University Beijing 100871 China

在这份报纸，我们调查在中国汽车的工业位于在里面的 FDI 和外面的国际化之间的动态连接下面的机制。当几研究用实验数据检验了在里面、外面的 FDI 之间的关系时，这在第一之中采用一条案例研究途径调查国际合资企业(IJV ) 怎么证实外... 详细信息

在这份报纸，我们调查在中国汽车的工业位于在里面的 FDI 和外面的国际化之间的动态连接下面的机制。当几研究用实验数据检验了在里面、外面的 FDI 之间的关系时，这在第一之中采用一条案例研究途径调查国际合资企业(IJV ) 怎么证实外国、中国的汽车制造商能塑造他们的国际化动机，度，和速度在之间。我们有或没有 IJV 讨论中国 carmakers 的一些唯一的特征阐明当有 IJV 的公司在在国外冒险面对限制时，没有 IJV 的公司怎么将是更多，开车国际性地膨胀。

关键词：外国直接投资对外直接投资中国汽车工业合资企业汽车制造商国际化汽车行业

Large-Area Gravure-Printed AgNWs Electrode on Water/Oxygen Barrier Substrate for Long-Term Stable Large-Area Flexible Organic Solar Cells

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第5期42卷 478-484页

作者： Hao Wang Yaqin Pan Yunfei Han Zhuo Chen Tianyu Liu Lianping Zhang Qun Luo Chang-Qi ma Printable Electronics Research Center & i-Lab Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)SuzhouJiangsu215123 China Nano Science and Technology Institute University of Science and Technology of China166 Ren Ai RoadSEID SIPSuzhouJiangsu215123 China

Large-area AgNWs electrodes(25 cm×10 cm)were fabricated through roll-to-roll printing on the polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)modified water and oxygen barrier substrate.The modification of the barrier film with PVA improved the wettability of silver nanowires on the barrier films and led to the formation of homogenous large-area AgNWs networks.The mechanical flexibility,especially the adhesion force between the silver electrode and the barrier film substrate was dramatically improved through PVA modification.The efficiency of 13.51%for the flexible OSCs with an area of 0.64 cm2 was achieved based on the PET/barrier film/PVA/AgNWs electrode.The long-term stability showed the flexible OSCs based on the PET/barrier film/PVA/AgNWs electrode have a significantly improved stability relative to the device on PET/AgNWs electrode,and comparable air stability as the rigid device with glass/ITO device.The unencapsulated devices maintained nearly 50%of the original efficiency after storage for 600 h in air.After a simple top encapsulation,the flexible devices remained at 60%of the initial efficiency after 2000 h in the air.Therefore,the flexible AgNWs electrode based on the barrier film would have the potential to improve the air storage stability of organic flexible solar cells.

关键词： Flexible organic solar cell AgNWs electrode Air storage stability Barrier films substrate Energy conversion Flexible electronics Interface

有机太阳能电池热失效机制及三元共混提升其热稳定性研究进展

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化学学报 2023年第2期81卷 131-145页

作者：查汉房进闫翎鹏杨永珍马昌期太原理工大学材料科学与工程学院太原030024 中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所创新实验室&印刷电子研究中心苏州215123 太原理工大学新材料界面科学与工程教育部重点实验室太原030024 山西浙大新材料与化工研究院太原030032

有机太阳能电池(Organic solar cells,OSCs)作为一种新兴高效太阳能电池,近年来得到飞速发展.目前OSCs的光电转换效率(Power conversion efficiency,PCE)已经达到19%以上,初见商业化应用曙光.但其稳定性方面尚未发展成熟,尤其在制备和... 详细信息

有机太阳能电池(Organic solar cells,OSCs)作为一种新兴高效太阳能电池,近年来得到飞速发展.目前OSCs的光电转换效率(Power conversion efficiency,PCE)已经达到19%以上,初见商业化应用曙光.但其稳定性方面尚未发展成熟,尤其在制备和工作过程中电池器件需要经历高温考验,电池的热稳定性要求高.三元共混策略是在传统的二元OSCs活性层中引入第三组分,利用第三组分调控分子间的相互作用,在实现高效光电转换效率的同时有效提高器件热稳定性,展现出了极大的应用潜力.本综述首先从器件热衰减过程出发,总结了OSCs热衰减过程中包括:热致活性层形貌变化、各层材料之间的互扩散行为以及界面老化等相关机制.在此基础上,重点介绍了三元策略在提高OSCs热稳定性方面的应用进展和作用机制.最后,对三元策略在OSCs中的应用发展进行总结并展望,指出第三组分的针对性选择以及作用机制解析是三元OSCs面临的关键问题和挑战.

关键词：有机太阳能电池热稳定性效率三元策略

VOC emitted by biopharmaceutical industries:Source profiles,health risks,and secondary pollution

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 570-584页

作者： Jiawei ma Lin Li State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control material&Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China

The biopharmaceutical industry contributes substantially to volatile organic compounds(VOCs)emissions,causing growing concerns and social developmental conflicts.This study conducted an on-site investigation of the process-based emission of VOCs from three biopharmaceutical enterprises.In the workshops of the three enterprises,26 VOCs were detected,which could be sorted into 4 classes:hydrocarbons,aromatic hydrocarbons,oxygen-containing compounds,and nitrogen-containing compounds.Ketones were the main components of waste gases,accounting for 44.13%-77.85%of the overall VOCs.Process-based source profiles were compiled for each process unit,with the fermentation and extraction units of tiamulin fumarate being the main source of VOC emissions.Dimethyl heptanone,vinyl acetate,diethylamine,propylene glycol methyl ether(PGME),and benzene were screened as priority pollutants through a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation system.Ground level concentration simulation results of the Gauss plume diffusion model demonstrated that the diffusivity of VOCs in the atmosphere was relatively high,indicating potential non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks 1.5-2 km downwind.Furthermore,the process-based formation potentials of ozone and secondary organic aerosols(SOAs)were determined and indicated that N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone,dimethyl heptanone,and PGME should be preferentially controlled to reduce the ozone formation potential,whereas the control of benzene and chlorobenzene should be prioritized to reduce the generation of SOAs.Our results provide a basis for understanding the characteristics of VOC emission by biopharmaceutical industries and their diffusion,potentially allowing the development of measures to reduce health risks and secondary pollution.

关键词： Biopharmaceutical Volatile organic compound Priority pollutant Exposure risk Secondary pollution

Nuclear phylogenomics of angiosperms and insights into their relationships and evolution

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第3期66卷 546-578页

作者： Guojin Zhang Hong ma College of Life Sciences Hunan Normal UniversityChangsha 410081China Department of Biology 510 Mueller LaboratoryHuck Institutes of the Life SciencesThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA

Angiosperms(flowering plants) are by far the most diverse land plant group with over 300,000 species. The sudden appearance of diverse angiosperms in the fossil record was referred to by Darwin as the “abominable mystery,”hence contributing to the heightened interest in angiosperm evolution. Angiosperms display wide ranges of morphological, physiological,and ecological characters, some of which have probably influenced their species richness. The evolutionary analyses of these characteristics help to address questions of angiosperm diversification and require well resolved phylogeny. Following the great successes of phylogenetic analyses using plastid sequences,dozens to thousands of nuclear genes from next-generation sequencing have been used in angiosperm phylogenomic analyses, providing well resolved phylogenies and new insights into the evolution of angiosperms. In this review we focus on recent nuclear phylogenomic analyses of large angiosperm clades, orders, families,and subdivisions of some families and provide a summarized Nuclear Phylogenetic Tree of Angiosperm Families. The newly established nuclear phylogenetic relationships are highlighted and compared with previous phylogenetic results. The sequenced genomes of Amborella,Nymphaea, Chloranthus, Ceratophyllum, and species of monocots, magnoliids, and basal eudicots, have facilitated the phylogenomics of relationships among five major angiosperms clades. All but one of the 64 angiosperm orders were included in nuclear phylogenomics with well resolved relationships except the placements of several orders. Most families have been included with robust and highly supported placements, especially for relationships within several large and important orders and families.Additionally, we examine the divergence time estimation and biogeographic analyses of angiosperm on the basis of the nuclear phylogenomic frameworks and discuss the differences compared with previous analyses. Furthermore,we discuss the implications of nuclear phylogenomic analyses on ancestral

关键词： angiosperms evolution flowering plants nuclear gene phylogenomics phylogeny

Uniform decomposition of velocity gradient tensor

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第1期36卷 24-34页

作者： Chenxi ma Chaoqun Liu Department of mathematics University of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTXUSA

In this paper,the principal decomposition of the velocity gradient tensor[∇v]is discussed in 3 cases based on the discriminant∆:∆0 with 3 distinct real eigen values,and∆=0 with 1 or 2 distinct real eigen values.The velocity gradient tensor can also be classified as rotation point,which can be decomposed into three parts,i.e.,rotation[R],shear[S]and stretching/compression[SC],and non-rotation point,we defined a new resistance term[L],and the tensor can be decomposed into three parts,i.e.,resistance[L],shear[S]and stretching/compression[SC].Example matric are also displayed to demonstrate the new decomposition.Connections of principal decomposition between 3 different cases,and between Resistance and Liutex will also be discussed.

关键词： Velocity gradient Liutex resistance fluid kinematics