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Sexual dimorphism and sex-differential migration of Little Buntings(Emberiza pusilla)at an East Asian stopover site

Avian Research 2022年第1期13卷 87-93页

作者： Sook-Young Cho Hyun-Young Nam Se-Young Park chang-yong choi Bird Research Center Korea National Park Research InstituteJeonnam58863Republic of Korea Division of Zoology Honam National Institute of Biological ResourcesMokpo58762Republic of Korea School of Biological Sciences College of Natural SciencesSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea Department of Agriculture Forestry and BioresourcesCollege of Agriculture and Life SciencesSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826Republic of Korea

Sex differences in morphology provide key information for understanding a species'morphological adaptations in relation to the evolution of sexual *** migratory birds,morphological traits have adapted to long-distance travel,and sexual dimorphism is typically related to sex-differential migration *** Buntings(Emberiza pusilla)have one of the longest migrations and are the least dichromatic species among the Emberiza *** this study,we measured sexual size dimorphism and sexual dichromatism of Little Buntings in relation to the spring arrival dates at a stopover site in *** length was the most important predictor for identifying sex;the wings of males were longer than those of *** also had a significantly stronger chestnut color of the head feathers than females,but this color difference was more prominent in the spring than in the *** arrived earlier than females by four *** dates correlated with both size and color,but unlike other bunting species previously studied in the same area,there was no clear sex-differential trend in the relationship between arrival date and morphological *** differences in the degree of sexual dichromatism suggest that chestnut plumage coloration can be used as a social or sexual signal of males in the breeding *** correlation of size and color to early arrival regardless of sex may indicate that a preference for assortative mating exists or that a sex-differential migration strategy is not clearly defined in the early stages of northward *** findings on the sexual dimorphism of Little Buntings provide insight into the evolution of the sex-differential migration of buntings in the East Asian Flyway.

关键词： Digital photography Emberiza pusilla Little Bunting Protandrous migration Sexual dichromatism Sexual dimorphism

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Management of lymphedema is really a matter in patients with breast cancer

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第15期12卷 2482-2486页

作者： Jung Eun choi Min Cheol chang Department of Surgery College of MedicineYeungnam UniversityDaegu 705-717South Korea Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation College of MedicineYeungnam UniversityDaegu 705-717South Korea

Lymphedema is a prevalent complication affecting patients with breast cancer,greatly impacting their quality of *** editorial describes diagnostic methods and therapeutic interventions for managing lymphedema in patients with breast *** relies on clinical evaluation and objective measures,including arm circumference and volumetric assessments,along with lymphoscintigraphy and ultrasonic *** primarily involves complex decongestive physical therapy,comprising manual lymphatic drainage,compression therapy,exercise,and meticulous skin *** interventions aim to reduce swelling,alleviate discomfort,and prevent further ***,lifestyle modifications such as avoiding extreme temperatures and maintaining proper hygiene are *** can be used for drug *** its prevalence,lymphedema often receives inadequate attention in clinical practice,emphasizing the importance of raising awareness and enhancing medical services for affected *** play a pivotal role in educating patients about preventive measures and ensuring timely ***,a comprehensive approach encompassing early diagnosis,multidisciplinary management,and patient education is essential to mitigate the burden of lymphedema in patients with breast cancer and improve their overall well-being.

关键词： Lymphedema Breast cancer Complex decongestive physical therapy Diagnosis Treatment

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Inclusive quasielastic neutrino-nucleus scattering with energy density functional nuclear models

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第8期48卷 153-158页

作者： K.S.Kim Soonchul choi Hana Gil chang Ho Hyun School of liberal arts and science korea aerospace universitygoyang 10540korea Center for exotic nuclear studies institute for basic sciencedaejeon 34126korea Center for extreme nuclear matters korea universityseoul 02841korea Department of physics education daegu universitygyeongsan 38453korea

In this study,we calculated the inclusive charged-current neutrino-nucleus scattering from ^(40)Ar in the quasielastic *** explore the effect of uncertainties stemming from the nuclear structure,we used the KIDS(Korea-IBS-Daegu-SKKU)nuclear energy density functional and Skyrme force models,namely SLy4,SkI3,and *** models were selected to have distinct behavior in terms of the density dependence of the symmetry energy and the effective mass of the *** the charged-current neutrino scattering,the single-and double-differential cross sections were calculated for various *** cross sections are reported as a function of the incident neutrino *** theoretical cross sections were compared with experimental data,and the roles of the effective mass and symmetry energy were investigated in terms of charged-current neutrino-nucleus scattering.

关键词： energy density functional neutrino-nucleus scattering symmetry energy effective mass of the nucleon

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Experimental and first-principles calculation of TiN growth mechanism on CeAlO_(3) surface in steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第2期31卷 452-463页

作者： Fei-hu He Jun Peng Fang Zhang yong-bin Wang Hong-tao chang School of Materials and Metallurgy Inner Mongolia University of Science and TechnologyBaotou014010Inner MongoliaChina

Regular TiN is harmful to the toughness of steel,and its shape and size need to be *** the behavior of TiN precipitation on CeAlO_(3) surfaces is critical for controlling the morphology and formation process of CeAlO_(3)–TiN composite inclusions in the *** results showed that TiN had a square morphology on the CeAlO3 surface,and electron backscatter diffraction phase identification results revealed the orientation relationship between CeAlO_(3) and TiN as follows:(001)_(CeAlO_(3))//(110)_(TiN),(100)_(CeAlO_(3))/(001)_(TiN),and[010]_(CeAlO_(3))/[110]_(TiN).The CeAlO3 crystal structure was studied using the first-principles calculation method,and the adsorption and growth process of TiN on the CeAlO_(3) surface were investigated from the atomic *** calculation results indicate that there is no metallic bonding present in the CeAlO_(3) *** the low-index crystal planes of CeAlO_(3),the(110)planes terminated with O and CeAlO have the highest and lowest surface energies,respectively,with values of 0.373 and 0.051 eV/Å^(2).On the high surface energy plane of CeAlO_(3),the TiN atomic permutation structure is consistent with the arrangement of Ti and N atoms in TiN(100)or(110).For the low surface energy plane of CeAlO_(3),the Ti and N atoms are arranged in a ring-like structure.

关键词： CeAlO_(3)-TiN inclusion Orientation relationship Crystal structure First principle Surface energy

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TEAM:Transformer Encoder Attention Module for Video Classification

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2024年第2期48卷 451-477页

作者： Hae Sung Park yong Suk choi Department of Artificial Intelligence Hanyang UniversitySeoulKorea Department of Computer Science Hanyang UniversitySeoulKorea

Much like humans focus solely on object movement to understand actions,directing a deep learning model’s attention to the core contexts within videos is crucial for improving video *** the recent study,Video Masked Auto-Encoder(VideoMAE)employs a pre-training approach with a high ratio of tube masking and reconstruction,effectively mitigating spatial bias due to temporal redundancy in full video *** steers the model’s focus toward detailed temporal ***,as the VideoMAE still relies on full video frames during the action recognition stage,it may exhibit a progressive shift in attention towards spatial contexts,deteriorating its ability to capture the main spatio-temporal *** address this issue,we propose an attention-directing module named Transformer Encoder Attention Module(TEAM).This proposed module effectively directs the model’s attention to the core characteristics within each video,inherently mitigating spatial *** TEAM first figures out the core features among the overall extracted features from each *** that,it discerns the specific parts of the video where those features are located,encouraging the model to focus more on these informative ***,during the action recognition stage,the proposed TEAM effectively shifts the VideoMAE’s attention from spatial contexts towards the core spatio-temporal *** attention-shift manner alleviates the spatial bias in the model and simultaneously enhances its ability to capture precise video *** conduct extensive experiments to explore the optimal configuration that enables the TEAM to fulfill its intended design purpose and facilitates its seamless integration with the VideoMAE *** integrated model,i.e.,VideoMAE+TEAM,outperforms the existing VideoMAE by a significant margin on Something-Something-V2(71.3%vs.70.3%).Moreover,the qualitative comparisons demonstrate that the TEAM encourages the model to disregard insignificant featur

关键词： Video classification action recognition vision transformer masked auto-encoder

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Ultra-robust informational metasurfaces based on spatial coherence structures engineering

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第7期13卷 1310-1319页

作者： Leixin Liu Wenwei Liu Fei Wang Xiaofeng Peng Duk-yong choi Hua Cheng Yangjian Cai Shuqi Chen Shandong Provincial Engineering and Technical Center of Light Manipulations Collaborative Innovation Center of Light Manipulation and ApplicationsShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optics and Photonic DeviceSchool of Physics and ElectronicsShandong Normal UniversityJinan 250014China. The Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics Ministry of EducationSchool of PhysicsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringSmart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science CenterNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China. School of Physical Science and Technology Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China. Laser Physics Centre Research School of PhysicsAustralian National UniversityCanberraACT 2601Australia. The Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics Shanxi UniversityTaiyuanShanxi 030006China

Optical information transmission is vital in modern optics and photonics due to its concurrent and multi-dimensional nature,leading to tremendous applications such as optical microscopy,holography,and optical *** optical information transmission technologies suffer from bulky optical setup and information loss/crosstalk when meeting scatterers or obstacles in the light ***,we theoretically propose and experimentally realize the simultaneous manipulation of the coherence lengths and coherence structures of the light beams with the disordered *** ultra-robust optical information transmission and self-reconstruction can be realized by the generated partially coherent beam with modulated coherence structure even 93%of light is recklessly obstructed during light transmission,which brings new light to robust optical information transmission with a single *** method provides a generic principle for the generalized coherence manipulation on the photonic platform and displays a variety of functionalities advancing capabilities in optical information transmission such as meta-holography and imaging in disordered and perturbative media.

关键词： optics coherent holography

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Synthesis of Planar-Chiral[2.2]Paracyclophane-Based Oxazole-Pyrimidine Ligands and Application in Nickel-Catalyzed 1,2-Reduction ofα,β-Unsaturated Ketones

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第7期42卷 705-710页

作者： Juan Wang Qing-Xian Xie Xiang Li chang-Bin Yu yong-Gui Zhou School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology2 Linggong RoadDalianLiaoning 116024China State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalianLiaoning 116023China

The planar-chiral ligands have been widely applied as a class of unique and significant ligands in asymmetric *** them,chiral[2.2]paracycyclophane has emerged as a privileged type of planar-chiral framework and has been utilized as an important toolbox due to their structural ***,we design and synthesize[2.2]paracyclophane-derived oxazole-pyrimidine ligands(abberviated as PYMCOX).These N,N-ligands with stable properties,rigid structure and large steric hindrance performed successfully in nickel-catalyzed asymmetric 1,2-reduction ofα,β-unsaturated ketones,affording the chiral allylic alcohols with up to 99%yield and 99%***,this reduction reaction could be conducted on gram-scale without loss of activity and enantioselectivity,and the chiral ligand could be conveniently recovered with high yield.

关键词： Oxazole-pyrimidine ligands Planar chirality Nickel Hydroboration Asymmetric synthesis

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Pulsed laser interference patterning of transition-metal carbides for stable alkaline water electrolysis kinetics

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Carbon Energy 2024年第5期6卷 65-80页

作者： Yewon Oh Jayaraman Theerthagiri Ahreum Min Cheol Joo Moon Yiseul Yu Myong yong choi Department of Chemistry(BK21 FOUR) Research Institute of Natural SciencesGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea Core−Facility Center for Photochemistry and Nanomaterials Gyeongsang National UniversityJinjuRepublic of Korea

We investigated the role of metal atomization and solvent decomposition into reductive species and carbon clusters in the phase formation of transition-metal carbides(TMCs;namely,Co_(3)C,Fe_(3)C,TiC,and MoC)by pulsed laser ablation of Co,Fe,Ti,and Mo metals in *** interaction between carbon s-p-orbitals and metal d-orbitals causes a redistribution of valence structure through charge transfer,leading to the formation of surface defects as observed by X-ray photoelectron *** defects influence the evolved TMCs,making them effective for hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions(HER and OER)in an alkaline ***_(3)C with more oxygen affinity promoted CoO(OH)intermediates,and the electrochemical surface oxidation to Co_(3)O_(4)was captured via in situ/operando electrochemical Raman probes,increasing the number of active sites for OER *** with more d-vacancies exhibits strong hydrogen binding,promoting HER kinetics,whereas Fe_(3)C and TiC with more defect states to trap charge carriers may hinder both OER and HER *** results show that the assembled membrane-less electrolyzer with Co_(3)C∥Co_(3)C and MoC∥MoC electrodes requires~2.01 and 1.99 V,respectively,to deliver a 10 mA cm−2 with excellent electrochemical and structural *** addition,the ascertained pulsed laser synthesis mechanism and unit-cell packing relations will open up sustainable pathways for obtaining highly stable electrocatalysts for electrolyzers.

关键词： acetone H_(2)and O_(2)evolution reactions pulsed laser ablation surface defects transition-metal carbides water electrolyzer

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Electrokinetic-mechanism of water and furfural oxidation on pulsed laser-interlaced Cu_(2)O and CoO on nickel foam

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 145-154页

作者： Yewon Oh Jayaraman Theerthagiri M.L.Aruna Kumari Ahreum Min Cheol Joo Moon Myong yong choi Department of Chemistry(BK21 FOUR) Research Institute of Natural SciencesGyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry The Oxford College of ScienceBengaluruKarnataka 560102India Core-Facility Center for Photochemistry&Nanomaterials Gyeongsang National UniversityJinju 52828Republic of Korea

The electrocatalytic oxidation of biomass-derived furfural(FF)feedstocks into 2-furoic acid(FA)holds immense industrial potential in optics,cosmetics,polymers,and ***,we fabricated Co O/Ni O/nickel foam(NF)and Cu_(2)O/Ni O/NF electrodes via in situ pulsed laser irradiation in liquids(PLIL)for the bifunctional electrocatalysis of oxygen evolution reaction(OER)and furfural oxidation reaction(FOR),*** oxidation of NF surface to NiO and deposition of CoO and/or Cu_(2)O on NF during PLIL offer distinct advantages for enhancing both the OER and ***/NiO/NF electrocatalyst provides a consistently low overpotential of~359 m V(OER)at 10 m A/cm^(2),achieving the maximum FA yield(~16.37 m M)with 61.5%selectivity,79.5%carbon balance,and a remarkable Faradaic efficiency of~90.1%during 2 h of FOR at 1.43 V(*** hydrogen electrode).Mechanistic pathway via in situ electrochemical-Raman spectroscopy on CoO/NiO/NF reveals the involvement of phase transition intermediates(NiOOH and CoOOH)as surface-active centers during electrochemical *** carbonyl carbon in FF is attacked by hydroxyl groups to form unstable hydrates that subsequently undergo further oxidation to yield FA *** method holds promise for large-scale applications,enabling simultaneous production of renewable building materials and fuel.

关键词： Pulsed laser irradiation in liquids Water and furfural oxidation In situ Raman spectroscopy CoO/NiO/nickel foam Cu_(2)O/Nio/nickel foam 2-furoic acid

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A continuous and long-term in-situ stress measuring method based on fiber optic. Part I: Theory of inverse differential strain analysis

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Petroleum Science 2024年第2期21卷 1171-1189页

作者： Kun-Peng Zhang Mian Chen chang-Jun Zhao Su Wang yong-Dong Fan State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering in China University of Petroleum Beijing102249China Beijing International Center for Gas Hydrate School of Earth and Space SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing100871China

A method for in-situ stress measurement via fiber optics was proposed. The method utilizes the relationship between rock mass elastic parameters and in-situ stress. The approach offers the advantage of long-term stress measurements with high spatial resolution and frequency, significantly enhancing the ability to measure in-situ stress. The sensing casing, spirally wrapped with fiber optic, is cemented into the formation to establish a formation sensing nerve. Injecting fluid into the casing generates strain disturbance, establishing the relationship between rock mass properties and treatment ***, an optimization algorithm is established to invert the elastic parameters of formation via fiber optic strains. In the first part of this paper series, we established the theoretical basis for the inverse differential strain analysis method for in-situ stress measurement, which was subsequently verified using an analytical model. This paper is the fundamental basis for the inverse differential strain analysis method.

关键词： In-situ stress Fiber optic Orthotropic elastic Differential evolution ABAQUS

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