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Modern phenomics to empower holistic crop science, agronomy, and breeding research

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第8期51卷 790-800页

作者： ni Jiang Xin-Guang Zhu Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China

Crop phenomics enables the collection of diverse plant traits for a large number of samples along different time scales,representing a greater data collection throughput compared with traditional *** modern crop phenomics use different sensors to collect reflective,emitted,and fluorescence signals,etc.,from plant organs at different spatial and temporal *** multi-modal,high-dimensional data not only accelerates basic research on crop physiology,genetics,and whole plant systems modeling,but also supports the optimization of field agronomic practices,internal environments of plant factories,and ultimately crop *** challenges and opportunities facing the current crop phenomics research community include developing community consensus or standards for data collection,management,sharing,and processing,developing capabilities to measure physiological parameters,and enabling farmers and breeders to effectively use phenomics in the field to directly support agricultural production.

关键词： Crop phenomics High-throughput phenotyping Traits Crop designer breeding Agronomy

Spectrum analysis of interval process model and its application in uncertain vibration analysis

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第8期67卷 2549-2564页

作者： LI JinWu JIANG Chao ni BingYu State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing Technology for Vehicle College of Mechanical and Vehicle EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

In recent years, the authors have extended the traditional interval method into the time dimension to develop a new mathematical tool called the “interval process model” for quantifying time-varying or dynamic uncertainties. This model employs upper and lower bounds instead of precise probability distributions to quantify uncertainty in a parameter at any given time point. It is anticipated to complement the conventional stochastic process model in the coming years owing to its relatively low dependence on experimental samples and ease of understanding for engineers. Building on our previous work, this paper proposes a spectrum analysis method to describe the frequency domain characteristics of an interval process, further strengthening the theoretical foundation of the interval process model and enhancing its applicability for complex engineering problems. In this approach, we first define the zero midpoint function interval process and its auto/cross-power spectral density(PSD) functions. We also deduce the relationship between the auto-PSD function and the auto-covariance function of the stationary zero midpoint function interval process. Next, the auto/cross-PSD function matrices of a general interval process are defined, followed by the introduction of the concepts of PSD function matrix and cross-PSD function matrix for interval process vectors. The spectrum analysis method is then applied to random vibration problems, leading to the creation of a spectrum-analysis-based interval vibration analysis method that determines the PSD function for the system displacement response under stationary interval process excitations. Finally, the effectiveness of the formulated spectrum-analysis-based interval vibration analysis approach is verified through two numerical examples.

关键词： interval process spectrum analysis power spectral density(PSD) time-varying uncertainty uncertain vibration analysis

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Rethinking the Encoder-decoder Structure in Medical Image Segmentation from Releasing Decoder Structure

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第3期21卷 1511-1521页

作者： Jiajia ni Wei Mu An Pan Zhengming Chen School of Artificial Intelligence Anhui Polytechnic UniversityWuhu241000China School of Information Science and Engineering HoHai UniversityChangzhou213000China

Medical image segmentation has witnessed rapid advancements with the emergence of encoder-decoder based *** the encoder-decoder structure,the primary goal of the decoding phase is not only to restore feature map resolution,but also to mitigate the loss of feature information incurred during the encoding ***,this approach gives rise to a challenge:multiple up-sampling operations in the decoder segment result in the loss of feature *** address this challenge,we propose a novel network that removes the decoding structure to reduce feature information loss(CBL-Net).In particular,we introduce a Parallel Pooling Module(PPM)to counteract the feature information loss stemming from conventional and pooling operations during the encoding ***,we incorporate a Multiplexed Dilation Convolution(MDC)module to expand the network's receptive ***,although we have removed the decoding stage,we still need to recover the feature map ***,we introduced the Global Feature Recovery(GFR)*** uses attention mechanism for the image feature map resolution recovery,which can effectively reduce the loss of feature *** conduct extensive experimental evaluations on three publicly available medical image segmentation datasets:DRIVE,CHASEDB and MoNuSeg *** results show that our proposed network outperforms state-of-the-art methods in medical image *** addition,it achieves higher efficiency than the current network of coding and decoding structures by eliminating the decoding component.

关键词： Medical image segmentation Encoder-decoder architecture Attention mechanisms Releasing decoder architecture Neural network

Simultaneously enhancing erosion and compression resistance:designing AlCoCrFeni high-entropy alloy strengthened Ag-based contacts

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4476-4492页

作者： Xiao-Yang Xue Zhe Wang Hui-Ling nie Zhao Yuan Jun Wang chang-Hu Xu Kai wen Cong-Hao Yu School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi’an Polytechnic University School of Physics Xi’an Jiaotong University Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and Technology

Designing microstructures and unveiling dynamic erosion mechanisms remain important challenges for Ag-based contacts. To simultaneously enhance erosion and compression resistance, an Al Co Cr Fe ni high-entropy alloy(HEA) is introduced into Ag-based materials to fabricate novel Ag-HEA contacts with island-and skeletonrestricted microstructures. The arc erosion experimental results reveal that the skeleton-restricted HEA microstructure is the key factor in reducing the hill and crater morphologies of the contact surface, effectively delaying material transfer between the movable and stationary contacts. The molten bridge evolution and compressive deformation behavior of Ag-HEA contacts with various microstructures are investigated using molecular dynamics(MD) simulations. MD results indicate that the constraint of Ag atom diffusion in the molten pool and the involvement of HEA atoms in the molten bridge are the primary mechanisms for improving erosion resistance. The skeleton-restricted HEA microstructure reduces the total energy and structural stability of the molten bridge system and promotes its fracture and disintegration. Moreover, the synergistic effect of the twin and Lomerz–Cottrell lock structures can hinder dislocation glide, generating dispersed and small-area stacking faults in the Ag matrix and mitigating the concentration of shear strains. Thus, the skeleton-restricted HEA microstructure contributes positively to compression resistance. This study presents a novel approach to designing Ag-based contacts.

关键词： Arc erosion Electrical contact materials High entropy alloys Microstructures Molecular dynamics

Light-induced stepped thermal relaxation in a Hofmann-type metal-organic framework

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第6期67卷 1983-1989页

作者： wen Cui Wei-Wei Wu Ze-Yu Ruan Yan-Cong Chen Guang-Jun Zeng Guan-Xi Chen Si-Guo Wu Zhao-Ping ni Ming-Liang Tong Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education School of ChemistryInstitute of Green Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringGuangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Functional Molecular EngineeringSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510275China

Spin-crossover(SCO)materials with light-induced multistability have potential applications in multi-addressable opto-magnetic memory devices and multiple ***,we reported a three-dimensional Hofmann-type metal-organic framework(MOF)[Fe(bpy){Pt(CN)_(4)}]·coumarin(1·coumarin,bpy=4,4′-bipyridine),which exhibits an incomplete and hysteretic SCO *** importantly,the light-induced stepped thermal relaxation(LISTR)with obvious magnetic plateau for a hidden intermediate spin state is firstly *** hidden spin state is also observed for the first time in the thermal relaxation after light-assisted spin state annealing(LASSA).Meanwhile,an extremely rare bi-directional light-induced excited spin-state trapping(LIESST)with the highest reverse-LIESST temperature is ***,five spin states can be captured in 1·coumarin and the tristability can be modulated below 102 K through the excitation-relaxation ***,the light-and temperatureinduced multistability provides a new strategy for developing multistable materials.

关键词： light magnetic multistability iron metal-organic framework spin-crossover

Development and validation of a novel non-invasive test for diagnosing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese children

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期20卷 413-421页

作者： Zhe-wen Qin Qian-Nan Ren Hong-Xi Zhang Ya-Ru Liu Ke Huang Wei Wu Guan-Ping Dong Yan ni Jun-Fen Fu Division of Endocrinology National Clinical Research Center for Child HealthNational Children’s Regional Medical CenterThe Children’s HospitalDepartment of EndocrinologyNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthNational Children’s Regional Medical CenterThe Children’s HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310052China

With the exploding prevalence of obesity,many children are at risk of developing nonalcoholic fatty liver *** anthropometric and laboratory parameters,our study aimed to develop a model to quantitatively evaluate liver fat content(LFC)in children with *** A well-characterized cohort of 181 children between 5 and 16 years of age were recruited to the study in the Endocrinology Department as the derivation *** external validation cohort comprised 77 *** assessment of liver fat content was performed using proton magnetic resonance *** and laboratory metrics were measured in all subjects.B-ultrasound examination was carried out in the external validation *** Kruskal-Wallis test,Spearman bivariate correlation analyses,univariable linear regressions and multivariable linear regression were used to build the optimal predictive *** The model was based on indicators including alanine aminotransferase,homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance,triglycerides,waist circumference and Tanner *** adjusted R^(2)of the model was 0.589,which presented high sensitivity and specificity both in internal[sensitivity of 0.824,specificity of 0.900,area under curve(AUC)of 0.900 with a 95%confidence interval:0.783–1.000]and external validation(sensitivity of 0.918 and specificity of 0.821,AUC of 0.901 with a 95%confidence interval:0.818–0.984).Conclusions Our model based on five clinical indicators was simple,non-invasive,and inexpensive;it had high sensitivity and specificity in predicting LFC in ***,it may be useful for identifying children with obesity who are at risk for developing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

关键词： Biochemical markers Children Magnetic resonance spectroscopy Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Pediatric obesity

Bulging Distortion of Austenitic Stainless Steel Sheet on the Partially Penetrated Side of Non-Penetration Lap Laser Welding Joint

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第1期37卷 286-295页

作者： Chengwu Yao Enze Liu Jiaming ni Binying nie Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Laser Processing and Modification School of Material Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Shanghai Aerospace Precision Machinery Institute Shanghai 201600China Chemical and Biological Engineering College Yichun UniversityYichun 336000China

Non-penetration laser welding of lap joints in austenitic stainless steel sheets is commonly preferred in fields where the surface quality is of utmost ***,the application of non-penetration welded austenitic stainless steel parts is limited owing to the micro bulging distortion that occurs on the back surface of the partial penetration *** this paper,non-penetration lap laser welding experiments,were conducted on galvanized and SUS304 austenitic stainless steel plates using a fiber laser,to investigate the mechanism of bulging distortion.A comparative experiment of DC01 galvanized steel-Q235 carbon steel lap laser welding was carried out,and the deflection and distortion profile of partially penetrated side of the sheets were measured using a noncontact laser *** addition,the cold-rolled SUS304 was subjected to heat holding at different temperatures and water quenching after bending to characterize its microstructure under tensile and compressive *** results show that,during the heating stage of the thermal cycle of laser lap welding,the partial penetration side of the SUS304 steel sheet generates compressive stress,which extrudes the material in the heat-affected zone to the outside of the back of the SUS304 steel sheet,thereby forming a *** findings of these experiments can be of great value for controlling the distortion of the partial penetrated side of austenitic stainless steel sheet during laser non-penetration lap welding.

关键词： Non-penetration lap laser welding Bulging distortion Austenitic stainless steel Compressive stress Tension stress

Classification of aviation incident causes using LGBM with improved cross-validation

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2024年第2期35卷 396-405页

作者： ni Xiaomei WANG Huawei CHEN Lingzi LIN Ruiguan School of Civil Aviation Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106China School of Aeronautical Engineering Nanjing Vocational University of Industry TechnologyNanjing 210023China

Aviation accidents are currently one of the leading causes of significant injuries and deaths worldwide. This entices researchers to investigate aircraft safety using data analysis approaches based on an advanced machine learning *** assess aviation safety and identify the causes of incidents, a classification model with light gradient boosting machine (LGBM)based on the aviation safety reporting system (ASRS) has been developed. It is improved by k-fold cross-validation with hybrid sampling model (HSCV), which may boost classification performance and maintain data balance. The results show that employing the LGBM-HSCV model can significantly improve accuracy while alleviating data imbalance. Vertical comparison with other cross-validation (CV) methods and lateral comparison with different fold times comprise the comparative approach. Aside from the comparison, two further CV approaches based on the improved method in this study are discussed:one with a different sampling and folding order, and the other with more CV. According to the assessment indices with different methods, the LGBMHSCV model proposed here is effective at detecting incident causes. The improved model for imbalanced data categorization proposed may serve as a point of reference for similar data processing, and the model’s accurate identification of civil aviation incident causes can assist to improve civil aviation safety.

关键词： aviation safety imbalance data light gradient boosting machine(LGBM) cross-validation(CV)

Oxidation of emerging organic contaminants by in-situ H_(2)O_(2) fenton system

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第3期9卷 417-434页

作者： Yuqin ni Chuxiang Zhou Mingyang Xing Yi Zhou State Environmental Protection Key Lab of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Processes School of Resources&Environmental EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237China Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Wastewater TreatmentSchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology130 Meilong RoadShanghai200237China Department of Applied Natural Sciences Technische Hochschule LubeckMonkhofer Weg 23923562 LubeckGermany

The existence and risk of emerging organic contaminants(EOCs)have been under consideration and paid much effort to degrade these *** system is one of the most widely used technologies to solve this *** original Fenton system relies on the hydroxyl radicals produced by Fe(Ⅱ)/H_(2)O_(2) to oxidize the organic ***,the application of the Fenton system is limited by its low iron cycling efficiency and the high risks of hydrogen peroxide transportation and *** introduction of external energy(including light and electricity etc.)can effectively promote the Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ)cycle and the reduction of oxygen to produce hydrogen peroxide in *** review introduces three in-situ Fenton systems,which are electro-Fenton,Photo-Fenton,and chemical *** mechanism,influencing factors,and catalysts of these three in-situ Fenton systems in degrading EOCs are discussed *** review strengthens the understanding of Fenton and in-situ Fenton systems in degradation,offering further insight into the real application of the in-situ Fenton system in the removal of EOCs.

关键词： In-situ H_(2)O_(2)production Fenton Emerging organic contaminants Photocatalysis Electrocatalysis