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Comparison of the impact of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography between pre-COVID-19 and current COVID-19 outbreaks in South Korea:Retrospective survey

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第28期9卷 8404-8412页

作者： Kook hyun kim Sung Bum kim Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of Internal Medicine Yeungnam UniversityCollege of MedicineDaegu 42415South Korea

BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)outbreak has markedly influenced the endoscopic *** retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)is an essential technique for pancreatobiliary disease but increases the risk of exposure to the virus-containing body fluid;however,the impact of COVID-19 on ERCP is *** To compare the number of endoscopic activities and to analyze the clinical outcomes of ERCPs before and during the COVID-19 outbreak in Daegu,South *** This retrospective cohort study included patients aged≥18 years who underwent ERCP between February 18 and March 28,2020,at a tertiary *** indications and endoscopic details were compared with those from the same period in 2018 and 2019 as control *** Of the 269 ERCP procedures,113(42.0%)cases were performed as emergency *** number of ERCP procedures in 2018 and 2019 decreased by 20.2%and 56.6%,respectively,compared with that in 2020(P<0.01);among the 113 emergency ERCPs,the observed numbers in 2018(n=42)and 2019(n=55)dramatically dropped by 61.9%and 70.9%,respectively,compared with that in 2020(n=16).Of the 16 cases in 2020,stone removal was performed in five,biliary stenting in five,sphincterotomy in five,and nasobiliary drainage in *** case of ERCP-related infection in medical workers or other patients has been *** The COVID-19 outbreak significantly reduced the number of ERCPs;however,there is no difference in the indications and endoscopic interventions before and during the COVID-19 outbreak.

关键词： Coronavirus disease 2019 Coronavirus Endoscopic retrograde cholangi-opancreatography Emergency endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Endoscopy

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Gallbladder Removal Simulation for Laparoscopic Surgery Training: A Hybrid Modeling Method

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2013年第3期28卷 499-507页

作者： Youngjun kim Dongjune chang Jungsik kim Sehyung Park Center for Bionics Korea Institute of Science and Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

Laparoscopic surgery has many advantages, but it is difficult for a surgeon to achieve the necessary surgical skills. Recently, virtual training simulations have been gaining interest because they can provide a safe and efficient learning environment for medical students and novice surgeons. In this paper, we present a hybrid modeling method for simulating gallbladder removal that uses both the boundary element method （BEM） and the finite element method （FEM）. Each modeling method is applied according to the deformable properties of human organs： BEM for the liver and FEM for the gallbladder. Connective tissues between the liver and the gallbladder are also included in the surgical simulation. Deformations in the liver and the gallbladder models are transferred via connective tissue springs using a mass-spring method. Special effects and techniques are developed to achieve realistic simulations, and the software is integrated into a custom-designed haptic interface device. Various computer graphical techniques are also applied in the virtual gallbladder removal laparoscopic surgery training. The detailed techniques and the results of the simulations are described in this paper.

关键词： deformable body modeling gallbladder removal laparoscopic surgery training simulation

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Design of an Information Security Service for Medical Artificial Intelligence

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 679-694页

作者： Yanghoon kim Jawon kim Hangbae chang Department of Cyber Drone Bot Military Engineering Shinhan UniversityUijeongbu-si11644Gyeonggi-doKorea Department of Security Convergence Graduate SchoolChung-Ang UniversityDongjack-gu06974SeoulKorea Department of Industrial Security Chung-Ang UniversityDongjak-gu06974SeoulKorea

The medical convergence industry has gradually adopted ICT devices,which has led to legacy security problems related to ICT ***,it has been difficult to solve these problems due to data resource *** problems can cause a lack of reliability in medical artificial intelligence services that utilize medical ***,to provide reliable services focused on security internalization,it is necessary to establish a medical convergence environment-oriented security management *** study proposes the use of system identification and countermeasures to secure systemreliabilitywhen using medical convergence environment information in medical artificial *** checked the life cycle of medical information and the flow and location of information,analyzed the security threats that may arise during the life cycle,and proposed technical countermeasures to overcome such *** verified the proposed countermeasures through a survey of *** requirements were defined based on the information life cycle in the medical convergence *** also designed technical countermeasures for use in the security management systems of hospitals of diverse sizes.

关键词： Medical artificial intelligence medical information security convergence environment

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Nanostructured hafnium-doped strontium oxide film for homeotropic/homogeneous convertible liquid crystal alignment depending on the curing temperature

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2022年第4期13卷 597-611页

作者： Dong hyun kim Dong Wook Lee Jin Young Oh Jonghoon Won Hae-chang Jeong Dae-Shik Seo IT Nano Electronic Device Laboratory Department of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringYonsei UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Smart Manufacturing Engineering Changwon National UniversityChangwonGyeongnamRepublic of Korea Department of Electrical Electronic and Control Engineering Changwon National UniversityChangwonGyeongnamRepublic of Korea

A hafnium strontium oxide(HfSrO)liquid crystal(LC)alignment film was efficiently created through brush coating,and its ability to change the LC alignment direction was confirmed.A brush was applied to HfSrO sol coated on an indium-tin oxide substrate,after which the coating was solidified at var-ious curing *** was confirmed that a directional micro/nanostructure was formed above 280°C due to the shear stresses caused by the movement of the brush *** chemical changes were analyzed by using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and contact angle *** the curing temperature increased,the prevalence of oxygen bonds increased and the contact angle decreased,thereby increasing the surface *** anisotropic boundary of the micro-grooves and the van der Waals forces due to an increase in surface energy changed the alignment direction of LC mole-cules from vertical to horizontal,as verified through polarized optical microscopy and pretilt angle ***,the efficiency of the brush-coating method,which dramatically simplifies the LC alignment film process,was *** homeotropic/homogeneous LC alignment property of the HfSrO film produced through brush coating depending on the curing temperature provides an innovative approach for LC alignment.

关键词： Brush coating nanostructure solution process liquid crystal alignment

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Intraoperative radiofrequency ablation with or without tumorectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma in locations difficult for a percutaneous approach

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2009年第6期8卷 591-596页

作者： hyung Ook kim Seung Kwon kim Byung Ho Son chang Hak Yoo hyun Pyo Hong Yong Kyun Cho Byung Ik kim Departments of Surgery Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Radiology Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Division of Interventional Radiology Mallinckrodt Institute of RadiologyWashington University School of Medicine Internal Medicine Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine

BACKGROUND:Although hepatic resection is widely accepted as a proper modality for treating hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),a majority of patients are unable to undergo surgical resection due to various tumor and patient *** ablation(RFA)has mostly been used as a therapeutic alternative to resection for treating *** objective of this study was to evaluate the results of intraoperative RFA for HCCs in locations difficult for a percutaneous ***:Eight patients(male,seven;age,49-67 years) with 8 HCCs in difficult locations were treated by intraoperative *** of the patients had local tumor progression after initial transarterial chemoembolization or ultrasound(US)guided percutaneous *** locations of the tumors were hepatic dome in six patients,posterior subcapsule in one,and caudate lobe in *** tumor size was 2.0 to 6.4 cm(mean,3.9 cm).Intraoperative RFA was performed at the tumor itself and an anticipated resection line under US guidance with 3 cm monopolar single or clustered internally cooled *** resection was performed in six *** month later,treatment response was assessed by contrast material-enhanced computed tomography(CT).CT studies were performed every 2 or 3 months after ***:RFA was technically successful in all tumors,and the contrast-enhanced CT images acquired one month later showed complete disappearance of tumor *** pneumothorax *** a median follow-up of 18 months(range,6-30 months),no tumors showed local *** the follow-up period,four new recurrent tumors were observed in three *** patients were alive at the time of this report and the other four died of hepatorenal syndrome,liver failure,and progression of new recurrent ***:Intraoperative RFA with tumor resection can be an alterative treatment option for HCC in locations difficult for a percutaneous approach.

关键词： hepatocellular carcinoma radiofrequency ablation intraoperative

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Complex regulatory effects of gut microbial short-chain fatty acids on immune tolerance and autoimmunity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第4期20卷 341-350页

作者： chang H.kim Department of Pathology University of Michigan School of MedicineAnn ArborMI48109USA Mary H.Weiser Food Allergy Center Center for Gastrointestinal Researchand Rogel Center for Can

Immune tolerance deletes or suppresses autoreactive lymphocytes and is established at multiple levels during the development,activation and effector phases of T and B *** mechanisms are cell-intrinsically programmed and critical in preventing autoimmune *** have witnessed the existence of another type of immune tolerance mechanism that is shaped by lifestyle choices,such as diet,microbiome and microbial ***-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)are the most abundant microbial metabolites in the colonic lumen and are mainly produced by the microbial fermentation of prebiotics,such as dietary *** review focuses on the preventive and immunomodulatory effects of SCFAs on *** tissue-and disease-specific effects of dietary fiber,SCFAs and SCFA-producing microbes on major types of autoimmune diseases,including type I diabetes,multiple sclerosis,rheumatoid arthritis and lupus,are ***,their key regulatory mechanisms for lymphocyte development,tissue barrier function,host metabolism,immunity,autoantibody production,and inflammatory effector and regulatory lymphocytes are *** shared and differential effects of SCFAs on different types and stages of autoimmune diseases are discussed.

关键词： Short-chain fatty acids Immune tolerance Diabetes mellitus Rheumatoid arthritis Lupus Multiple sclerosis

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Is the filamentary dark cloud GF 6 a star forming region?--Stability analysis and infrared properties

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2017年第12期17卷 77-88页

作者： Jaeheon kim hyun-Goo kim Sang Joon kim Bo Zhang Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute Daejeon 34055Korea Department of Astronomy and Space Science Kyung Hee UniversityYongin 17104Korea

We present the results of mapping observations and stability analyses toward the filamentary dark cloud GF 6. We investigate the internal structures of a typical filamentary dark cloud GF 6 to know whether the filamentary dark cloud will form stars. We perform radio observations with both 12CO（J =1–0） and 13CO（J =1–0） emission lines to examine the mass distribution and its evolutionary *** 13CO gas column density map shows eight subclumps in the GF 6 region with sizes on a sub-pc scale. The resulting local thermodynamic equilibrium masses of all the subclumps are too low to form stars against the turbulent dissipation. We also investigate the properties of embedded infrared point sources to know whether they are newly formed stars. The infrared properties also indicate that these point sources are not related to star forming activities associated with GF 6. Both radio and infrared properties indicate that the filamentary dark cloud GF 6 is too light to contract gravitationally and will eventually be dissipated away.

关键词： ISM:clouds ISM:molecules radio lines:ISM infrared:ISM Instabilities Turbulence

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Control of lymphocyte functions by gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第5期18卷 1161-1171页

作者： chang H.kim Department of Pathology and Mary H.Weiser Food Allergy Center University of Michigan School of MedicineAnn ArborMIUSA

A mounting body of evidence indicates that dietary fiber(DF)metabolites produced by commensal bacteria play essential roles in balancing the immune ***,considered nonessential nutrients in the past,is now considered to be necessary to maintain adequate levels of immunity and suppress inflammatory and allergic ***-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),such as acetate,propionate,and butyrate,are the major DF metabolites and mostly produced by specialized commensal bacteria that are capable of breaking down DF into simpler saccharides and further metabolizing the saccharides into *** act on many cell types to regulate a number of important biological processes,including host metabolism,intestinal functions,and immunity *** review specifically highlights the regulatory functions of DF and SCFAs in the immune system with a focus on major innate and adaptive *** information regarding how SCFAs regulate innate lymphoid cells,T helper cells,cytotoxic T cells,and B cells and how these functions impact immunity,inflammation,and allergic responses are discussed.

关键词： Microbiota Dietary fiber Short-chain fatty acids Innate lymphoid cells B cells Th1 Th17 Tregs CD8 Microbial metabolites

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Effects of compressive stress on the nonlinear electromechanical behavior of ferroelectric ceramics

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2006年第1期49卷 29-37页

作者： LEE Jung-Ju kim hyun Cheol Department of Mechanical Engineering KAIST Taejon 305-701 Korea

The effects of compressive stress parallel and perpendicular to the polar axis of PZT ceramics on the nonlinear electromechanical behavior of the materials has been experimentally studied. A domain-switching model that divides each 180° switching to two successive 90° switching is proposed to explain these effects. In the case of stress parallel to the polar axis, domain switching in the ceramics is approximately axisymmetric and can be simulated by an analytical model. While in the case of stress perpendicular to the polar axis, domain switching is three-dimensional and cannot be simplified. The simulated re-sults that match the experiments well show the validity of the proposed domain-switching model.

关键词： ferroelectric ceramics, domain switching, electromechanical, PZT.

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Development of two-axis control index table driven by direct drive motors

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Journal of Central South University 2011年第6期18卷 1962-1968页

作者： kim Jae-hyun LEE Choon-man School of Mechatronics Changwon National University

The stability and reliability of a tilting index table should be considered at the design stage. A design method for the lightweight and improvement of the stability of the structure in a tilting index table was proposed using a commercial analysis program, ANSYS Workbench 12, by analyzing the static-thermal characteristics of the developed high-accuracy tilting index table at its design stage. The results of the performed structural analysis show that the maximum stress is generated at the stock tail part. An optimum design for the stock tail part was carried out to reduce the maximum stress and deformation. Also, the design variables were determined by considering the support of the stock tail part for the C-axis body. In the comparison of the results before and after the optimization, the maximum deformation and stress are improved by 2.8% and 8%, respectively.

关键词： tilting index table structural analysis modal analysis thermal analysis optimum design

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