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A conformal titanyl phosphate amorphous overlayer for enhancing photoelectrochemical hydrogen peroxide production

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第11期86卷 399-408,I0009页

作者： Jaekyum Kim Young Eun Kim Minyeong Je Won Tae Hong chang-Lyoul Lee Tae-hoon Kim Sung Min Cho chang Hyuck Choi Heechae Choi Woo-Seok Choe jung Kyu Kim School of Chemical Engineering Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU)Suwon 16419Republic of Korea SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology(SAINT) Sungkyunkwan University(SKKU)Suwon 16419Republic of Korea Theoretical Materials&Chemistry Group Institute of Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of CologneGreinstr.650939CologneGermany Advanced Photonics Research Institute(APRI) Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology(GIST)Gwangju 61005Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Chonnam National UniversityGwangju 61186Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology(I-CREATE) Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123JiangsuChina

Photoelectrochemical(PEC)H_(2)O_(2)production through water oxidation reaction(WOR)is a promising strategy,however,designing highly efficient and selective photoanode materials remains challenging due to competitive reaction ***,for highly enhanced PEC H_(2)O_(2)production,we present a conformal amorphous titanyl phosphate(a-TP)overlayer on nanoparticulate TiO_(2)surfaces,achieved via lysozyme-molded in-situ surface *** a-TP overlayer modulates surface adsorption energies for reaction intermediates,favoring WOR for H_(2)O_(2)production over the competing O_(2)evolution *** density functional theory calculations reveal that a-TP/TiO_(2)exhibits a substantial energy uphill for the O·*formation pathway,which disfavors O_(2)evolution but promotes H_(2)O_(2)***,the a-TP overlayer strengthens the built-in electric field,resulting in favorable ***,a-TP/TiO_(2)exhibits 3.7-fold higher Faraday efficiency(FE)of 63%at 1.76 V *** hydrogen electrode(RHE)under 1 sun illumination,compared to bare TiO_(2)(17%),representing the highest FE among TiO_(2)-based WOR H_(2)O_(2)production *** the a-TP overlayer constitutes a promising strategy for controlling reaction pathways and achieving efficient solar-to-chemical energy conversion.

关键词： Solar H_(2)O_(2) production In-situ surface reforming Titanyl phosphate Amorphous overlayer Reaction pathway control

Survival and maintenance of regulatory T cells require the kinase TAK1

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2015年第5期12卷 572-579页

作者： Jae-hoon chang Hongbo Hu Shao-Cong Sun Department of Immunology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center 7455 Fannin Street Box 902 Houston TX 77030 USA Center for Inflammation and Cancer The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center 7455 Fannin Street Box 902 Houston TX 77030 USA The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston Houston TX 77030 USA College of Pharmacy Yeungnam University Gyeongsan 712- 749 Republic of Korea

Regulatory T （Treg） cells play a central role in regulating peripheral immune tolerance and preventing autoimmunity. Despite the extensive studies on the development of Treg cells, the molecular mechanisms that maintain the population of committed Treg cells remain poorly understood. We show here that Treg-conditional ablation of the kinase TAK1 reduced the number of Treg cells in the peripheral lymphoid organs, causing abnormal activation of conventional T cells and autoimmune symptoms. Using an inducible gene knockout approach, we further demonstrate that TAK1 is crucial for the survival of Treg cells. Expression of a constitutively active IKB kinase partially restored the level of Treg cells in the TAKITreg-KO mice. These results suggest a crucial role for TAK1 for maintaining the survival of committed Treg cells under physiololzical conditions.

关键词： regulatory T cells autoimmunity TAK1 IKK Foxp3

Patterns and determinants of plant richness by elevation in a mountain ecosystem in South Korea: area, mid-domain effect,climate and productivity

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第4期26卷 905-917页

作者： chang-Bae Lee jung-Hwa Chun Korea Green Promotion Agency 121 DunsanbukroSeoguDaejeon 302-831Republic of Korea Division of Forest Ecology Korea Forest Research Institute57 HoegiroDongdaemunguSeoul 130-712Republic of Korea

We examined patterns of plant species richness on an elevation gradient and evaluated the effects of cli- matic variables including mean annual temperature and precipitation, area, the mid-domain effect and productivity on species richness along two transects on Mt. Seorak, South Korea. A total of 235 plant species of 72 families and 161 genera were recorded from 130 plots along the two transects. Two different patterns, monotonic decline and a unimodal shape, were observed for woody plants with the change in elevation along the two transects, whereas multimodal patterns were observed for all plant species considered together and for herbaceous plants. Area and productivity showed significant relationships with total plant richness. Climatic variables were better predictors than other variables for variation by elevation in woody plant richness, whereas productivity was a more important variable for herbaceous plant richness. Although area was an important variable for predicting species richness pat- terns, the effects differed by transect and plant group. No empirical evidence was linked to the mid-domain *** elevational patterns may characterize different groups in the same taxon and there might be fundamental differences in the mechanisms underlying these richness patterns.

关键词： Area Climatic variables Elevationalpatterns Plant richness Productivity

Diversity patterns and phylogenetic structure of vascular plants along elevational gradients in a mountain ecosystem, South Korea

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第2期15卷 280-295页

作者： CHUN jung-Hwa LEE chang-Bae Division of Forest Ecology National Institute of Forest Science Global Resources Division Korea Forestry Promotion Institute

Recently, a phylogenetic diversity and community structure analysis as complementary to species-centric approaches in biodiversity studies provides new insights into the processes of community assembly. In this study, we analyzed species and phylogenetic diversity and community structures for woody and herbaceous plants along two elevational transects on Mt. Baekhwa, South Korea. The species richness and phylogenetic diversity of woody plants showed monotonic declining patterns with increasing elevation along all transects, whereas herbaceous plants showed different patterns, such as no relationship and a reversed unimodal pattern, between the study transects. The main drivers of these patterns were climate and habitat variables for woody and herbaceous plants, respectively. In addition, the phylogenetic community structure primarily showed phylogenetic clustering regulated by deterministic processes, especially environmental filtering, such as climate or habitat factors, along the two transects, although herbaceous plants along a transect depicted phylogenetic randomness as a result of a neutral process. Our findings suggest that deterministic and neutral processes may simultaneously control the community structures along small-scale elevational gradients such as local transects, although the deterministic process may be the predominant type.

关键词： Community structure Deterministicprocess Elevational gradient Neutral process Phylogenetic diversity Species richness

Bidirectional transfer of quantum information for unknown photons via cross-Kerr nonlinearity and photon-number-resolving measurement

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Chinese Physics B 2016年第2期25卷 82-92页

作者： Jino Heo chang-Ho Hong Dong-hoon Lee Hyung-Jin Yang Graduate School of Information Security (GSIS) Korea University Center for Information Security Technologies (CIST) Korea University Department of Physics Korea University

We propose an arbitrary controlled-unitary （CU） gate and a bidirectional transfer scheme of quantum information （BTQI） for unknown photons. The proposed CU gate utilizes quantum non-demolition photon-number-resolving measure- ment based on the weak cross-Kerr nonlinearities （XKNLs） and two quantum bus beams; the proposed CU gate consists of consecutive operations of a controlled-path gate and a gathering-path gate. It is almost deterministic and is feasible with current technology when a strong amplitude of the coherent state and weak XKNLs are employed. Compared with the existing optical multi-qubit or controlled gates, which utilize XKNLs and homodyne detectors, the proposed CU gate can increase experimental realization feasibility and enhance robustness against decoherence. According to the CU gate, we present a BTQI scheme in which the two unknown states of photons between two parties （Alice and Bob） are mutually swapped by transferring only a single photon. Consequently, by using the proposed CU gate, it is possible to experimentally implement the BTQI scheme with a certain probability of success.

关键词： cross-Kerr nonlinearity quantum non-demolition photon-number-resolving measurement bidirec-tional transfer of quantum information

Discovering High-Quality Threaded Discussions in Online Forums

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2014年第3期29卷 519-531页

作者： jung-Tae Lee Min-Chul Yang Hae-chang Rim Department of Computer and Radio Communications Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 136-713Korea

Archives of threaded discussions generated by users in online forums and discussion boards contain valuable knowledge on various topics. However, not all threads are useful because of deliberate abuses, such as trolling and flaming, that are commonly observed in online conversations. The existence of various users with different levels of expertise also makes it difficult to assume that every discussion thread stored online contains high-quality contents. Although finding high-quality threads automatically can help both users and search engines sift through a huge amount of thread archives and make use of these potentially useful resources effectively, no previous work to our knowledge has performed a study on such task. In this paper, we propose an automatic method for distinguishing high-quality threads from low-quality ones in online discussion sites. We first suggest four different artificial measures for inducing overall quality of a thread based on ratings of its posts. We then propose two tasks involving prediction of thread quality without using post rating information. We adopt a popular machine learning framework to solve the two prediction tasks. Experimental results on a real world forum archive demonstrate that our method can significantly improve the prediction performance across all four measures of thread quality on both tasks. We also compare how different types of features derived from various aspects of threads contribute to the overall performance and investigate key features that play a crucial role in discovering high-quality threads in online discussion sites.

关键词： online forum discussion board thread quality

Formation of interfacial brittle phases sigma phase and IMC in hybrid titanium-to-stainless steel joint

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2011年第A1期21卷 7-11页

作者： Min Ku LEE jung Gu LEE Jong Keuk LEE Sung Mo HONG Sang hoon LEE Jin Ju PARK Jae Woo KIM chang Kyu RHEE Nuclear Materials Research Division Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute Daejeon 305-353 Korea

The microstructures of the brazed joints for commercially pure Ti and stainless steel were investigated by the applications of various filler alloys including Ag-, Ti-, Zr- and Ni-based alloys. Generally, the dissimilar joints between Ti and stainless steel were dominated by the Ti-based intermetallic compounds （IMCs）, e.g. （Ti, Zr）2（Fe, Ni）, TiFe, TiCu, and Ti2（Fe, Ni）, due to a significant dissolution of Ti from the base metal. The （Fe-Cr） cr phase was also observed near the stainless steel due to a segregation of Cr into the interface region. This research demonstrates empirically that the brittleness of the Ti and stainless steel joint can not be avoided only by applying single braze alloy or single insert metal, and thus an introduction of additional suitable interlayer between the filler alloy and the base metal is necessary to prevent the brittleness of the joint.

关键词： brazing titanium stainless steel intermetallic compounds (IMCs)

Network Traffic Obfuscation System for IIoT-Cloud Control Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第9期72卷 4911-4929页

作者： Yangjae Lee Sung hoon Baek jung Taek Seo Ki-Woong Park SysCore Lab. Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Department of Computer System Engineering Jungwon UniversityChungcheongbuk-do28024Korea Department of Computer Engineering Gachon UniversityGyeonggi-do13120Korea

One of the latest technologies enabling remote control,operational efficiency upgrades,and real-time big-data monitoring in an industrial control system(ICS)is the IIoT-Cloud ICS,which integrates the Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)and the cloud into the *** an ICS benefits from the application of IIoT and the cloud in terms of cost reduction,efficiency improvement,and real-time monitoring,the application of this technology to an ICS poses an unprecedented security risk by exposing its terminal devices to the outside *** adversary can collect information regarding senders,recipients,and prime-time slots through traffic analysis and use it as a linchpin for the next attack,posing a potential threat to the *** address this problem,we designed a network traffic obfuscation system(NTOS)for the IIoT-Cloud ICS,based on the requirements derived from the ICS characteristics and limitations of existing NTOS *** a strategy to solve this problem wherein a decrease in the traffic volume facilitates traffic analysis or reduces the packet transmission speed,we proposed an NTOS based on packet scrambling,wherein a packet is split into multiple pieces before transmission,thus obfuscating network *** minimize the ICS modification and downtime,the proposed NTOS was designed using an agentbased *** addition,for the ICS network traffic analyzer to operate normally in an environment wherein the NTOS is applied,a rule-based NTOS was adopted such that the actual traffic flow is known only to the device that is aware of the rule and is blocked for *** experimental results verified that the same time requested for response and level of difficulty of analysis were maintained by the application of an NTOS based on packet scrambling,even when the number of requests received by the server per second was *** network traffic analyzer of the ICS can capture the packet flow by using the pre-communicated NTOS *** addition,by designing an N

关键词： Cloud computing system moving-target defense container orchestration

Effect of serum testosterone and percent tumor volume on extra-prostatic extension and biochemical recurrence after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第1期18卷 54-59页

作者： Eu chang Hwang Seong Hyeon Yu Yang Hyun Jo Seung I1 jung Taek Won Kang Dong Deuk Kwon Chan Choi Suk Hee Heo Jun Eul Hwang Sung-hoon jung Tae-Young jung Department of Urology Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju Republic of Korea Department of Pathology Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju Republic of Korea Department of Radiology Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju Republic of Korea Department of Hemato-oncology Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju Republic of Korea Department of Neurosurgery Chonnam National University Medical Schoo Gwangju Republic of Korea

Several studies have revealed that the preoperative serum testosterone and percent tumor volume （PTV） predict extra-prostatic extension （EPE） and biochemical recurrence （BCR） after radical prostatectomy. This study investigated the prognostic significance of serum testosterone and PTV in relation to EPE and BCR after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy （LRP）. We reviewed 520 patients who underwent LRP between 2004 and 2012. PTV was determined as the sum of all visually estimated tumor foci in every section. BCR was defined as two consecutive increases in the postoperative prostate-specific antigen （PSA）〉0.2 ng ml^-1. The threshold for serum total testosterone was 3.0 ng ml^-1, Multivariate logistic regression was used to define the effect of variables on the risk of EPE and BCR. A low serum testosterone （〈3.0 ng ml^-1） was associated with a high serum PSA, Gleason score, positive core percentage of the prostate biopsy, PTV, and all pathological variables. On multivariate analysis, similar to previous studies, the serum PSA, biopsy positive core percentage, Gleason score, and pathological variables predicted EPE and BCR. In addition, low serum testosterone （〈3.0 ng ml^-1, adjusted OR, 8.52; 95% CI, 5.04-14.4, P = 0.001） predicted EPE and PTV （adjusted OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01-1.05, P = 0.046） predicted BCR. In addition to previous predictors of EPE and BCR, low serum testosterone and PTV are valuable predictors of EPE and BCR after LRP.

关键词： biochemical recurrence extra-prostatic extension prostate neoplasms prostatectomy testosterone tumor burden