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Late Cenozoic seismic stratigraphy of the Andaman Forearc Basin,Indian Ocean

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Petroleum Science 2017年第4期14卷 648-661页

作者： Dhananjai K.pandey Goli Anitha Ramesh Prerna Anju pandey ESSO-National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research Headland SadaVasco da GamaGoa 403 804India

Interpretation of new multichannel seismic reflection data from the Andaman Forearc Basin(AFB) in the northern Indian Ocean is presented here. The highquality multichannel seismic data from the Andaman Forearc region enable us to examine the seismic characters and to demarcate seismic sequences bounded by distinct unconformities. Ages of marked seismic horizons have been calibrated with available litholog data from nearby industry boreholes. Seismic interpretation of new data shows that the AFB is filled with * 4.5-s-two way travel time(TWT) thick Neogene to Recent sediments. The entire basin assemblage exhibits two distinct major sequences pertaining to the Neogene and Quaternary times. A large part of the basin is filled with intermittent mass transport deposits(MTD). We infer that the episodic uplift of the Invisible Bank, protuberance of the outerarc and regular deformation through reactivation of preexisting normal faults since the Pleistocene could be attributed as causal mechanisms for the MTDs. Strong bottom simulating reflectors are identified in the Late Miocene and younger sediments of the outerarc and AFB at a depth of * 0.6 s TWT and correspond to the presence of gas hydrates in this region. Our interpretations have significant implications for geodynamic as well as resource exploration in the AFB.

关键词： Andaman Forearc Basin Neogene Uplift Invisible Bank Outerarc Stratigraphy

Acclimation and Tolerance Strategies of Rice under Drought Stress

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Rice science 2015年第4期22卷 147-161页

作者： Veena pandey Alok SHUKLA Department of Plant Physiology College of Basic Sciences and HumanitiesGovind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture & Technology

Rice （Oryza sativa L.） is an important food crop and requires larger amount of water throughout its life cycle as compared to other crops. Hence, water related stress cause severe threat to rice production. Drought is a major challenge limiting rice production. It affects rice at morphological （reduced germination, plant height, plant biomass, number of tillers, various root and leaf traits）, physiological （reduced photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance, water use efficiency, relative water content, chlorophyll content, photosystem II activity, membrane stability, carbon isotope discrimination and abscisic acid content）, biochemical （accumulation of osmoprotectant like proline, sugars, polyamines and antioxidants） and molecular （altered expression of genes which encode transcription factors and defence related proteins） levels and thereby affects its yield. To facilitate the selection or development of drought tolerant rice varieties, a thorough understanding of the various mechanisms that govern the yield of rice under water stress condition is a prerequisite. Thus, this review is focused mainly on recent information about the effects of drought on rice, rice responses as well as adaptation mechanisms to drought stress.

关键词： rice water drought stress yield attribute morphological characteristic physiological characteristic biochemical characteristic molecular level

Molecular characterization and diversity analysis of bacterial communities associated with Dialeurolonga malleswaramensis （Hemiptera： Aleyrodidae） adults using 16S rDNA amplicon pyrosequencing and FISH

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Insect Science 2016年第5期23卷 704-711页

作者： Neeti pandey Raman Rajagopal Gut Biology Lab Room No 117 Department of Zoology University of Delhi Delhi 110007 India

Dialeurolonga malleswaramensis Sundararaj （Hemiptera： Aleyrodidae） is a phytophagous sap sucking insect. It infests Polyalthia longifolia, an important avenue tree of India, effective in alleviating noise pollution and having immense medicinal importance. Samples of this insect were collected from Polyalthia longifolia. The cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene （mtCOl） helped in the molecular characterization of the insect. This study reports the bacterial diversity in D. malleswararnensis adults by high throughput 16S rDNA amplicon pyrosequencing. The major genera identified were Portiera and Arsenophonus. Other bacterial genera detected were uncultured alpha proteobacterium, Sphingopyxis and Methylobacterium. We also employed fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH） in whole mount samples to confirm the presence of dominant endosymbionts Portiera and Arsenophonus to the bacteriocyte of D. malleswaramensis. This study concludes that combining techniques like 16S rDNA amplicon pyrosequencing and FISH reveal both dominant and rare bacteria. The data also predict the evolutionary position of this pest with respect to other whitefly species using a mitochondrial marker.

关键词： 16S rDNA amplicon pyrosequencing bacterial diversity Dialeurolongamalleswaramensis FISH mtC01

Time course of physiological,biochemical,and gene expression changes under short-term salt stress in Brassica juncea L.

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The Crop Journal 2017年第3期5卷 219-230页

作者： Manish pandey Suprasanna Penna Plant Stress Physiology and Biotechnology Section Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology DivisionBhabha Atomic Research CentreTrombayMumbai 400085India

Salinity-imposed limitations on plant growth are manifested through osmotic and ionic imbalances. However, because salinity-induced responses vary considerably among crop plants, monitoring of such responses at an early stage has relevance. In this study,physiological(seed germination, seed vigor index, root length, shoot length, fresh weight,dry weight) and biochemical attributes(osmoprotectants, K^+/Na^+ ratio) were analyzed for a time-course assessment of salt responses in Indian mustard(Brassica juncea L.) with an emphasis on early monitoring. The results showed strong correlations for total soluble sugars at germination phase(24 h), proline content in the seedling establishment phase(48 h) and various physiological parameters including seed vigor index(R^2= 0.901), shoot length(R^2= 0.982), and fresh weight(R^2= 0.980) at 72 h(adaptation under stress). In addition, transcriptional changes were observed under NaCl treatment for key genes belonging to the family of selective ion transporters(NHX, HKT) and abscisic acid synthesis(AAO-3). The status of mitochondrial respiration was also examined as a probe for salinity tolerance at an early stage. The results suggested that although all the analyzed parameters showed correlations(negative or positive) with salt stress magnitude, their critical response times differed, with most of the studied biochemical, physiological, or molecular markers providing valuable information only after radicle emergence, whereas mitochondrial respiration via alternative oxidase was useful for the early detection of salt responses.

关键词： Alternative oxidase Brassica Osmolytes Salinity Seed germination

Variability of the Southwest Monsoon since the Last 25 000 Years and Their Possible Causes: Role of Northern Hemisphere versus Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Earth Science 2013年第3期24卷 428-436页

作者： Anju pandey Ravi Mishra Centre for Climate Change Research National Centre for Antarctic & Ocean Research

High-precision, clay sediment oxygen and hydrogen isotopes analyses of Pleistocene-Holocene deep-sea sediments from the Bay of Bengal （BOB） are presented for the first time. Our study shows that the major source of sediments in the study area, since the last-25 000 years, is likely to be the Higher Himalayan crystalline rocks. Further, the study of these stable isotope data displays the variation of southwest monsoon （SWM） in the BOB region since the last-25 000 years and the cause behind the variation has been interpreted. The δ 18 O values of the clay sediments are compared with δ 18 O values of the BOB seawater. This comparison shows that the clay sediment δ 18 O values of the studied sediment cores temporally vary along with the changes in strength of the SWM. Based on the changes in the clay sediment δ 18 O values of the studied sediment, we evaluate the variance in the SWM since the last 25 000 years in the BOB. Our results are consistent with previous work in the region based on other proxies. To evaluate the factors influencing the intensity of the SWM since the last glacial maxima, we conducted comparative analyses of the studied clay sediment δ 18 O values with δ 18 O values in the Greenland ice cores （GISP2） and Tibetan ice cores （Guliya）. The results from this comparative study show that large-scale changes in the intensity of the SWM since 25 000 years are affected by the climate oscillations of the Northern Hemisphere, but rapid and abrupt fluctuations in the SWM seem to be controlled by the amount of snow cover in the Tibetan Plateau.

关键词： southwest monsoon Bay of Bengal Tibetan Plateau clay stable isotope.

Seismic stratigraphy and the sedimentation history in the Laxmi Basin of the eastern Arabian Sea:Constraints from IODP Expedition 355

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第3期12卷 489-502页

作者： Nisha Nair Dhananjai K.pandey Anju pandey R.Prerna National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research(NCPOR) Ministry of Earth SciencesVasco-da-GamaGoa 403804India H-V3-NCPOR Campus Vasco-da-GamaGoa 403804India

Detailed interpretation of seismic stratigraphic sequences in the Laxmi Basin of the eastern Arabian Sea are presented in this study using closely spaced high resolution multi-channel seismic(MCS)*** stratigraphic interpretation is further corroborated using recent drilling results in the Laxmi Basin,derived from the long sediment cores collected during International Ocean Discovery Program(IODP)Expedition *** core-log interpretation discussed in the present study,offer important insights about the lithostratigraphic variations in this *** of multi-channel seismic reflection data reveal five depositional sequences(ranging from Paleocene to Recent)that led to the development of this marginal basin since the Cenozoic *** igneous basement is successfully imaged,which was also validated by deep sea coring during the IODP Expedition *** the present study,we primarily focus on the post-rift sedimentation in the Laxmi Basin and its possible *** detailed interpretation in the prevailing tectonic framework of the basin suggests that near-shelf oldest volcaniclastic sedimentation immediately overlying the acoustic basement is linked to the onset of India-Madagascar and India-Seychelles rifting activities during the Late Cretaceous ***,during the Early-Mid to Late Miocene,the basin received maximum sedimentation dominantly through an extensive mass transport mechanism implying possible large-scale deformation on the Indian *** sediment input to the basin appears to have been fed variably via the Indus Fan as well as coastal discharge from the Indian *** total sediment thickness in the Laxmi Basin ranges from 1.1 to 3.5 *** stratigraphic information and sediment isopach maps presented here provide vital information about syn-and post-rift sedimentation pattern in the region and their long term tectonic implications.

关键词： Seismic stratigraphy Laxmi Basin Arabian Sea Site U1456 Site U1457 IODP Expedition 355

Probing enzyme-nanoparticle interactions using combinatorial gold nanoparticle libraries

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Nano Research 2015年第4期8卷 1293-1308页

作者： Yanyan Liu David A. Winkler V. chandana Epa Bin Zhang Bing Yan School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250100 China CSIRO Manufacturing Flagship Bag 10 Clayton South MDC 3169 Australia Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Parkville 3052 Australia CSIRO Manufacturing Flagship Parkville 3052 Australia

The interaction of nanoparticles with proteins is extremely complex, important for understanding the biological properties of nanomaterials, but is very poorly understood. We have employed a combinatorial library of surface modified gold nanoparticles to interrogate the relationships between the nanoparticle surface chemistry and the specific and nonspecific binding to a common, important, and representative enzyme, acetylcholinesterase （ACHE）. We also used Bayesian neural networks to generate robust quantitative structure-property relationship （QSPR） models relating the nanoparticle surface to the AChE binding that also provided significant understanding into the molecular basis for these interactions. The results illustrate the insights that result from a synergistic blending of experimental combinatorial synthesis and biological testing of nanoparticles with quantitative computational methods and molecular modeling.

关键词： gold nanoparticles surface modification enzyme inhibition acetylcholinesterase protein binding modeling quantitative structure-property relationship(QSPR) neural network

Deep scientific drilling results from Koyna and Killari earthquake regions reveal why Indian shield lithosphere is unusual, thin and warm

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Geoscience Frontiers 2016年第5期7卷 851-858页

作者： O.P.pandey CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute Uppal Road Hyderabad 500007 India

The nature of crustal and lithospheric mantle evolution of the Archean shields as well as their subsequent deformation due to recent plate motions and sustained intraplate geodynamic activity, has been a subject of considerable interest. In view of this, about three decades ago, a new idea was put forward suggesting that out of all shield terrains, the Indian shield has an extremely thin lithosphere（w100 km,compared to 250e350 km, elsewhere）, apart from being warm, non-rigid, sheared and deformed. As expected, it met with scepticism by heat flow and the emerging seismic tomographic study groups, who on the contrary suggested that the Indian shield has a cool crust, besides a coherent and thick lithosphere（as much as 300e400 km） like any other shield. However, recently obtained integrated geological and geophysical findings from deep scientific drillings in 1993 Killari（M w： 6.3） and 1967 Koyna（M w： 6.3）earthquake zones, as well as newly acquired geophysical data over other parts of Indian shield terrain,have provided a totally new insight to this debate. Beneath Killari, the basement was found consisting of high density, high velocity mid crustal amphibolite to granulite facies rocks due to exhumation of the deeper crustal layers and sustained granitic upper crustal erosion. Similar type of basement appears to be present in Koyna region too, which is characterized by considerably high upper crustal ***, such type of crust is depleted in radiogenic elements, it resulted into lowering of heat flow at the surface, increase in heat flow contribution from the mantle, and upwarping of the lithosphereasthenosphere boundary. Consequently, the Indian shield lithosphere has become unusually thin and warm. This study highlights the need of an integrated geological, geochemical and geophysical approach in order to accurately determine deep crust-mantle thermal regime in continental areas.

关键词： Indian lithosphere Killari seismic zone Deep drilling results Mafic crust Geodynamics Heat flow

Basement tectonics and flexural subsidence along western continental margin of India

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Geoscience Frontiers 2017年第5期8卷 1009-1024页

作者： D.K.pandey Nisha Nair Anju pandey G. Sriram ESSO-National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research Goa India

The Paleocene-recent post-rift subsidence history recorded in the Mumbai Offshore Basin off western continental margin of India is examined. Results obtained through 2-D flexural backstripping modelling of new seismic data reveal considerable thermo-tectonic subsidence over last ca. 56 Myr. Reverse postrift subsidence modelling with variable β stretching factor predicts residual topography of ca. 2000 m to the west of Shelf Margin Basin and fails to restore late Paleocene horizon and the underlying igneous basement to the sea level. This potentially implies that:(1) either the igneous basement formed during the late Cretaceous was emplaced under open marine environs; or(2) a laterally varying cumulative subsidence occurred within Mumbai Offshore Basin(MOB) during ca. 68 to ca. 56 Ma. Pre-depositional topographic variations at ca. 56 Ma across the basin could be attributed to the extensional processes such as varied lower crustal underplating along Western Continental Margin of India(WCMI). Investigations about basement tectonics after unroofing of sediments since late Paleocene from this region support a transitional and heavily stretched nature of crust with high to very high β factors. Computations of past sediment accumulation rates show that the basin sedimentation peaked during late Miocene concurrently with uplift of Himalayan-Tibetan Plateau and intensification of Indian monsoon system. Results from basin subsidence modelling presented here may have significant implications for further studies attempting to explore tectono-climatic interactions in Asia.

关键词： Continental rifting Subsidence Mumbai Offshore Basin Backstripping Arabian Sea Laxmi Basin