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Effects of solubility parameter differences among PEG,PVP and CA on the preparation of ultrafiltration membranes:Impacts of solvents and additives on morphology,permeability and fouling performances

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2017年第7期25卷 911-923页

作者： Kibrom Alebel Gebru chandan Das Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati781039AssamIndia

The effects of two different hydrophilic additives and two solvents on the membrane morphological structure,permeability property and anti-fouling performances of cellulose acetate(CA) ultrafiltration membranes were investigated. During the phase-inversion process, cellulose acetate was selected as a membrane forming polymer; polyethylene glycol(PEG) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone(PVP) were used as additives; acetone(Ac): N,N-Dimethylacetamide(DMAc) and N, N-Dimethylformamide(DMF) were used as solvents; and deionized(DI)water was used in the coagulation bath. All the prepared membranes were characterized in terms of hydraulic permeability(Pm), membrane resistance, average pore radius, and hydrophilicity. The top surface and crosssectional view of the prepared membranes were also observed by using field emission scanning electron microscopy. Membrane fouling and rejection experimentations were done using a stirred batch-cell filtration *** experimental studies of fouling/rinsing cycles, rejection, and permeate fluxes were used to investigate the effect of PEG and PVP additives and effect of the two solvents on the fabricated membranes using bovine serum albumin(BSA) as a model protein.

关键词： Phase inversion Cellulose acetate Solubility parameter Ultrafiltration Additives Solvents

Comparative studies for two different orientations of pebble bed in an HCCB blanket

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Plasma Science and Technology 2017年第12期19卷 146-153页

作者： Paritosh CHAUDHURI chandan DANANI E RAJENDRAKUMAR Institute for Plasma Research BhatGandhinagar-382 428India

The Indian Test Blanket Module（TBM） program in ITER is one of the major steps in its fusion reactor program towards DEMO and the future fusion power reactor vision. Research and development（RD） is focused on two types of breeding blanket concepts： lead–lithium ceramic breeder（LLCB） and helium-cooled ceramic breeder（HCCB） blanket systems for the DEMO reactor. As part of the ITER-TBM program, the LLCB concept will be tested in one-half of ITER port no. 2, whose materials and technologies will be tested during ITER operation. The HCCB concept is a variant of the solid breeder blanket, which is presently part of our domestic RD program for DEMO relevant technology development. In the HCCB concept Li_2TiO_3 and beryllium are used as the tritium breeder and neutron multiplier, respectively, in the form of a packed bed having edge-on configuration with reduced activation ferritic martensitic steel as the structural material. In this paper two design schemes, mainly two different orientations of pebble beds, are discussed. In the current concept（case-1）, the ceramic breeder beds are kept horizontal in the toroidal–radial direction. Due to gravity, the pebbles may settle down at the bottom and create a finite gap between the pebbles and the top cooling plate, which will affect the heat transfer between them. In the alternate design concept（case-2）, the pebble bed is vertically（poloidal–radial） orientated where the side plates act as cooling plates instead of top and bottom plates. These two design variants are analyzed analytically and 2 D thermal-hydraulic simulation studies are carried out with ANSYS, using the heat loads obtained from neutronic *** on the analysis the performance is compared and details of the thermal and radiative heat transfer studies are also discussed in this paper.

关键词： fusion reactor test blanket module HCCB thermal radiation heat transfer

Cytokine Storm of COVID-19 and Its Impact on Patients with and without Chronic Liver Disease

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2021年第2期9卷 256-264页

作者： Madhumita Premkumar chandan Kumar Kedarisetty Departments of Hepatology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarhIndia Department of Hepatology and Liver transplantation Gleneagles Global HospitalHyderabadIndia

The coronavirus pandemic has resulted in increased rates of hepatic decompensation,morbidity and mortality in patients suffering from existing liver disease,and deranged liver biochemistries in those without liver *** patients with cirrhosis with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),new onset organ failures manifesting as acute-onchronic liver failure have also been *** severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)also directly binds to enterocytes and cholangiocytes via the angiotensin converting enzyme receptor 2,although the lung remains the portal of *** with the COVID-19 related bystander hepatitis,a systemic inflammatory response is noted due to unregulated macrophage activation syndrome and cytokine ***,the exact definition and diagnostic criteria of the‘cytokine storm’in COVID-19 are yet *** addition,inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein,ferritin,D-dimer and procalcitonin are frequently *** in turn leads to disease progression,activation of the coagulation cascade,vascular microthrombi and immune-mediated injury in different organ *** liver chemistries are also noted due to the cytokine storm,and synergistic hypoxic or ischemic liver injury,drug-induced liver injury,and use of hepatotoxic antiviral agents all contribute to deranged liver *** of an unregulated cytokine storm at an early stage may avert disease morbidity and *** immunomodulator drugs and repurposed immunosuppressive agents have been used in COVID-19 with varying degrees of success.

关键词： Chronic liver disease COVID-19 Cytokines Hepatitis Gut-liver axis

Optimization of Groundwater Level Monitoring Network Using GIS-based Geostatistical Method and Multi-parameter Analysis:A Case Study in Wainganga Sub-basin,India

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Chinese Geographical Science 2017年第2期27卷 201-215页

作者： Kumar Singh chandan Bhaskar Katpatal YASHWANT Department of Civil Engineering Department of Civil Engineering Visvesvaraya National Institute of TechnologyNagpur 440010India

Groundwater is one of the most important resources, its monitoring and optimized management has now become the priority to satisfy the demand of rapidly increasing population. In many developing countries, optimized groundwater level monitoring networks are rarely designed to build up a strong groundwater level data base, and to reduce operation time and cost. The paper presents application of geostatistical method to optimize existing network of observation wells for 18 sub-watersheds within the Wainganga Sub-basin located in the central part of India. The average groundwater level fluctuation(GWLF) from 37 observation wells is compared with parameters like lineament density, recharge, density of irrigation wells, land use and hydrogeology(LiRDLH) of Wainganga Sub-basin and analyzed stochastically in Geographic Information System(GIS) environment using simple, ordinary, disjunctive and universal kriging methods. Semivariogram analyses have been performed separately for all kriging methods to fit the best theoretical model with experimental model. Results from gaussian, spherical, exponential and circular theoretical models were compared with those of experimental models obtained from the groundwater level data. Spatial analyses conclude that the exponential semivariogram model obtained from ordinary kriging gives the best fit model. Study demonstrates that ordinary kriging gives the optimal solution and additional number of observation wells can be added utilizing the error variance for optimal design of groundwater level monitoring networks. This study describes the use of Geostatistics methods in GIS to predict the groundwater level and upgrade groundwater level monitoring networks from the randomly distributed observation wells considering multiple parameters such as GWLF and LiRDLH. The method proposed in the present study is observed to be an efficient method for selecting observation well locations in a complex geological set up. The study concludes that mini

关键词： observation wells groundwater kriging semivariogram Geographic Information System (GIS)

Decaying items inventory models with partial linked-to-order upstream trade credit and downstream full trade credit

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Journal of Management Analytics 2022年第1期9卷 137-168页

作者： chandan Mahato Gour Chandra Mahata Department of Mathematics Sidho-Kanho-Birsha UniversityPuruliaIndia

In practice,any member of supply chain may offer full or partial trade credit contract to his downstream *** trade credit is the case that the latter is allowed to defer whole payment to the end of credit *** partial trade credit,however,the downstream supply chain member must pay for a proportion of the purchased goods at first,and can delay paying for the rest until the end of credit *** paper considers a two-level trade credit,where the supplier offers order-quantity-dependent partial trade credit to a retailer,who suggests full trade credit to his *** economic order quantity(EOQ)inventory model of a deteriorating item with expiration dates is formulated *** results are developed to obtain the optimal solutions to the *** examples and sensitivity analysis are performed to justify the proposed models and theoretical results and managerial insights are provided.

关键词： Inventory two-level trade credit partial trade credit order-quantitydependent trade credit deterioration

Exploring the merits of geographical diversification of solar PV power plants for a resilient PV-dominated electricity grid in India

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Clean Energy 2023年第4期7卷 885-910页

作者： Saikat Ghosh Jatindra Nath Roy chandan Chakraborty Advanced Technology Development Centre Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur721302India Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur721302India

India is highly dependent on solar photovoltaics(PV)to harness its vast solar resource potential and combat climate ***,∼90%of the installed PV capacity in India is concentrated in the top nine states,with the remaining states lagging *** research reveals that during monsoons,heavy cloud cover and rain lead to high solar resource variability,intermittency and the risk of very low PV generation,which can result in reliability issues in future PV-dominated electricity *** energy storage can help in overcoming high intermittency,there are multiple challenges associated with *** novelty of this study lies in demonstrating the benefits of combining multiple PV sites in various regions to mitigate the risks of low PV generation and high *** variability of individual sites was found to be up to∼3.5 times higher than the variability of combined *** noon,prominent solar park sites like Bhadla and NP Kunta experience a decrease in power generation to values as low as∼10%of the rated PV ***,the minimum generation of the large-scale dispersed PV generation is>30%.Furthermore,the research identifies other benefits of dispersing PV generation across the country,viz.,reduction of seasonal variability by adding PV capacity in the southern region,widening of the PV generation span,more room for PV capacity addition,reduction in storage and ramping needs,utilization of hydroelectric potential of the north-east and PV potential of Ladakh,and creating opportunities for sustainable development in rural agrarian regions through agrivoltaics.

关键词： decarbonization PV-based resilient grid PV variability and intermittency solar PV power plants

Multi-objective optimization of oil well drilling using elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm

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Petroleum Science 2014年第1期11卷 97-110页

作者： chandan Guria Kiran K Goli Akhilendra K Pathak Department of Petroleum Engineering Indian School of Mines

A multi-objective optimization of oil well drilling has been carried out using a binary coded elitist non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm.A Louisiana offshore field with abnormal formation pressure is considered for *** multi-objective optimization problems involving twoand three-objective functions were formulated and solved to fix optimal drilling *** important objectives are：（i） maximizing drilling depth,（ii） minimizing drilling time and （iii） minimizing drilling cost with fractional drill bit tooth wear as a *** time dependent decision variables are：（i） equivalent circulation mud density,（ii） drill bit rotation,（iii） weight on bit and （iv） Reynolds number function of circulating mud through drill bit nozzles.A set of non-dominated optimal Pareto frontier is obtained for the two-objective optimization problem whereas a non-dominated optimal Pareto surface is obtained for the three-objective optimization *** on the trade-offs involved,decision makers may select any point from the optimal Pareto frontier or optimal Pareto surface and hence corresponding values of the decision variables that may be selected for optimal drilling *** minimizing drilling time and drilling cost,the optimum values of the decision variables are needed to be kept at the higher values whereas the optimum values of decision variables are at the lower values for the maximization of drilling depth.

关键词： Drilling performance rate of penetration abnormal pore pressure genetic algorithm multi-objective optimization

Network approach to understanding the organization of and the consequence of targeted leader removal on an end-oriented task

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Current Zoology 2017年第3期63卷 269-277页

作者： Sumana ANNAGIRI Swetashree KOLAY Bishwarup PAUL chandan SONA Behaviour & Ecology Lab Department of Biological Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Mohanpur West Bengal 741246 India Department of Pharmacology CSIR-CDRI Jankipurm Vistar Lucknow Uttar Pradesh 226021 India

Relocation is an important event in the lives of several social insects whereby all colony members have to be transferred to a new nest when conditions in the old nest become unfavorable. In the current study, network tools were used to examine the organization of this goal-oriented task in the Indian queenless ant Diacamma indicum Which relocate their colonies by means of tandem running. Individual ants were used as nodes and tandem runs as directed edges to construct unweighted networks. Network parameters were characterized in control relocations （CRs） and in relocations where the node with the highest outdegree, that is, the Maximum tandem leader （Max TL） was experimentally removed. These were then compared to 1） randomized networks, 2） simu- lated networks in which Max TL was removed, and 3） simulated networks with removal of a random leader. Not only was there complete recovery of the task, but the manner in which it was organized when Max TL was removed was comparable to CRs. The results obtained from our empirical study were significantly different from the results predicted by simulations of leader removal. At an individual level, the Max TL had a significantly higher outdegree than expected by chance alone and in her absence the substitute Max TL did comparable work. In addition, the position of the Max TL in the pathway of information flow was conserved in control and experimentally manipulated conditions. Understanding the organization of this critical event as more than the sum of individual interactions using network parameters allows us to appreciate the dynamic response of groups to perturbations.

关键词： Diacamma indicum division of labor networks relocation tandem running

Genetic variation in relation to adaptability of three mangrove species from the Indian Sundarbans assessed with RAPD and ISSR markers

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第2期29卷 300-309页

作者： Nirjhar Dasgupta Paramita Nandy chandan Sengupta Sauren Das Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit Indian Statistical Institute Deaprtment of Botany Sister Nibedita Government General Degree College for Girls' Department of Botany University of Kalyani

Rich genetic polymorphism is important for plants to adapt to changes because it enables the plant to make anatomical,physiological and biochemical changes in response to abiotic *** characteristics,demographic interference and a cumulative decrease in freshwater influx in the Indian Sundarbans region have proved detrimental to some economically important *** this study,genetic polymorphism of three mangrove species,Xylocarpus granatum,Excoecaria agallocha,and Phoenix paludosa,was assessed using RAPD and ISSR molecular ***,already in distress in the Sundarbans,had the least genetic polymorphism,14.56%in the RAPD analysis and 12.92% in the *** higher genetic polymorphism was recorded for the profusely growing *** and ***: 24.66 and26.4% in RAPD; 24.87 and 20.32% in ISSR analysis respectively.A UPGMA dendrogram constructed using the similarity matrix from RAPD,ISSR and combined datashowed that for ***,the least and highest salinity zones clustered together,whereas for *** and ***,higher and lower salinity areas clustered in different ***’s genetic diversity,calculated from RAPD and ISSR data,was also in accordance with 0.0637 and 0.0583 for ***,respectively,much lower than0.0794 and 0.0818 for *** and 0.0799 and 0.0688 for *** opposing degree of polymorphism might be attributed to the profusely growing *** and *** and precarious status of *** throughout the Indian Sundarbans.

关键词： Polymorphism ISSR Mangrove RAPD Sundarbans