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Natural history and outcomes of patients with liver cirrhosis complicated by hepatic hydrothorax

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第35期28卷 5175-5187页

作者： Sarah Romero Andy KH Lim Gurpreet Singh chamani kodikara Rachel Shingaki-Wells Lynna Chen Samuel Hui Marcus Robertson Department of Gastroenterology Monash HealthClayton 3168VictoriaAustralia Department of General Medicine School of Clinical SciencesMonash UniversityClayton 3168VictoriaAustralia Gastroenterology and Liver Transplant Unit Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084VictoriaAustralia

BACKGROUNDHepatic hydrothorax (HH) is an uncommon and difficult-to-manage complicationof cirrhosis with limited treatment options.AIMTo define the clinical outcomes of patients presenting with HH managed withcurrent standards-of-care and to identify factors associated with mortality.METHODSCirrhotic patients with HH presenting to 3 tertiary centres from 2010 to 2018 wereretrospectively identified. HH was defined as pleural effusion in the absence ofcardiopulmonary disease. The primary outcomes were overall and transplant-freesurvival at 12-mo after the index admission. Cox proportional hazards analysiswas used to determine factors associated with the primary outcomes.RESULTSOverall, 84 patients were included (mean age, 58 years) with a mean model forend-stage liver disease score of 29. Management with diuretics alone achievedlong-term resolution of HH in only 12% patients. At least one thoracocentesis wasperformed in 73.8% patients, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shuntinsertion in 11.9% patients and 33% patients received liver transplantation within12-mo of index admission. Overall patient survival and transplant-free survival at12 mo were 68% and 41% respectively. At multivariable analysis, current smoking [hazard ratio (HR) = 8.65, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.43-21.9, P < 0.001) and acute kidneyinjury (AKI) (HR = 2.91, 95%CI: 1.21-6.97, P = 0.017) were associated with a significantly increasedrisk of mortality.CONCLUSIONCirrhotic patients with HH are a challenging population with a poor 12-mo survival despitecurrent treatments. Current smoking and episodes of AKI are potential modifiable factors affectingsurvival. HH is often refractory of diuretic therapy and transplant assessment should beconsidered in all cases.

关键词： Cirrhosis Portal hypertension Hepatic hydrothorax Ascites Liver transplantation

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Assessment of equilibrium pressure-flow scour depth using jet flow theory

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2023年第1期38卷 141-151页

作者： Mostafa Koushki Mohammad R.chamani Mohammad N.Moghim Department of Civil Engineering Isfahan University of Technology

Most models for predicting pressure-flow scour depth are based on use of the continuity and energy equations. The current study presents a model to predict pressure-flow scour depth using the momentum equation considering the jet flow deflected by the bridge deck. When approaching the bridge deck, the upstream flow acts as a jet flow that deviates toward the bed. Below the bridge deck, a combined jet-flow is created as a result of merging the initial jet-flow and the pressure-flow. The continuity equation is used to determine the thickness of the separation zone and the combined jet-flow angle. Equations are presented to estimate the combined jet-flow velocity and the thickness of the combined jet-flow. The study results reveal that the flow intensity, submergence ratio, and relative separation zone thickness are the principal parameters affecting the pressure-flow scour depth. The equation proposed in this study shows satisfactory accuracy to predict the equilibrium pressure-flow scour depth for a relative opening height of the bridge deck greater than 0.25. For relative opening heights of the bridge deck less than 0.25, insufficient duration of tests is a limitation of the available data to verify the proposed equation.

关键词： Scour Pressure-flow Separation zone Jet-flow Momentum equation Bridge deck

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Acoustics in urban parks:Does the structure of narrow urban parks matter in designing a calmer urban landscape?

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2020年第3期14卷 512-521页

作者： Shahla Tashakkor Atefeh chamani Mozhgan Ahmadi Nadoushan Minoo Moshtaghie Environmental Sciences Department Isfahan(Khorasgan)BranchIslamic Azad UniversityIsfahan81595-158Iran

Urban parks can function as a proper sink of noise pollution.However,lack of universally-agreed upon methodologies and differing urban conditions have fueled controversy surrounding the effectuation of this urban park function around the world.Hence,to address this controversy in narrow urban parks(with a mean width of∼109 m)in Isfahan City,Central Iran,noise levels(Lq30)were measured along two longitudinal transects placed along the interior northern river-and adjacent to the southern edge of the parks bordered by a heavily-conjected road.We used statistical tests and models to determine the association of noise levels measured along the northern transect with the distance to,and the intensity of noise emitted from,the road,vegetation biomass,and vegetation height within two 50 and 100 m buffer rings drawn around northern sites and the richness of bird species.The average Lq30 values differed significantly between the southern(∼73.21 dB)and northern(∼66.43 dB)transects and correlated negatively with species richness(r(98)=−0.324,p<0.01).Three variables including mean NDVIwithin the 100 m buffer ring,distance from the road and mean Lq30 values of the nearest three southern sites were included to build the best predictive multiple-linear regression model through the step-wise procedure with r2 of 0.52.These findings suggest that further attempts aiming to alleviate the parks’interior noise level should be attentive to distance to road,traffic at the nearest road part,and the interior vegetation characteristics.

关键词： noise pollution multiple-linear regression NDVI vegetation height Isfahan

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An agent-based simulation with NetLogo platform to evaluate forward osmosis process(PRO Mode)

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第12期26卷 2487-2494页

作者： Mostafa Taherian Seyed Mahmoud Mousavi Hooman chamani Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Research Center of Membrane Processes and Membrane Faculty of Engineering Ferdowsi University of Mashhad

Forward osmosis(FO), as an emerging technology, is influenced by different factors such as operating conditions,module characteristics, and membrane properties. The general aim of this study was to develop a suitable(flexible,comprehensive, and convenient to use) computational tool which is able to simulate osmosis through an asymmetric membrane oriented in pressure retarded osmosis(PRO) mode in a wide variety of scenarios. For this purpose, an agent-based model was created in NetLogo platform, which is an easy-to-use application environment with graphical visualization abilities and well suited for modeling a complex system evolving over time. The simulation results were validated with empirical data obtained from literature and a great agreement was observed. The effect of various parameters on process performance was investigated in terms of temperature,cross-flow velocity, length of the module, pure water permeability coefficient, and structural parameter of the membrane. Results demonstrated that the increase in all parameters, except structural parameter of the membrane and the length of module led to the increase of average water flux. Moreover, nine different draw solutes were selected in order to assess the influence of net bulk osmotic pressure difference between the draw solution(DS) and feed solution(FS)(known as the driving force of FO process) on water flux. Based on the findings of this paper, the performance of FO process(PRO mode) can be efficiently evaluated using the NetL ogo platform.

关键词： Agent-based model Forward osmosis (PRO mode) Membranes Net Logo platform Simulation Water flux

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Experimental Study on Reflection Coefficient of Curved Perforated Plate

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Journal of Marine Science and Application 2016年第4期15卷 382-387页

作者： Sayed Mohammad Reza Hodaei1, Mohammad Reza chamani Mohammad Reza chamani Mohammad Navid Moghim, Shahriar Mansoorzadeh Abdoreza Kabiri-Samani Department of Civil Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan PO. Box 84156 Iran SubSea R&D Center Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan P.O. Box 84156 Iran

一套实验在一辆拖引的坦克被执行在波浪思考系数上学习穿孔盘子的弯曲的效果(C r ) 。一个穿孔盘子的弯曲能被旋转改变一本参考书穿孔了板 aboutits 起源根据寓言的方程 y=x 2 。一个塞子类型波浪制造者被用来产生常规波浪。思考系数用... 详细信息

一套实验在一辆拖引的坦克被执行在波浪思考系数上学习穿孔盘子的弯曲的效果(C r ) 。一个穿孔盘子的弯曲能被旋转改变一本参考书穿孔了板 aboutits 起源根据寓言的方程 y=x 2 。一个塞子类型波浪制造者被用来产生常规波浪。思考系数用 Goda 和铃木(1976 ) 被计算方法。结果与垂直或倾斜的被动波浪吸收器的那些相比。比较证明有弄弯的侧面的一个穿孔盘子以减少波浪思考系数是高度有效的。关联被建立作为流动和几何学特征的功能估计弄弯的穿孔盘子的思考系数。

关键词：穿孔的板弄弯的侧面思考系数波浪吸收器常规波浪

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3D Micromechanical Modeling of Failure and Damage Evolution in Dual Phase Steel Based on a Real 2D Microstructure

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2016年第1期29卷 95-110页

作者： M.R.Ayatollahi A.Ch.Darabi H.R.chamani J.Kadkhodapour Fatigue and Fracture Lab. Center of Excellence in Experimental Solid Mechanics and DynamicsSchool of Mechanical EngineeringIran University of Science and Technology

A plate of dual phase steel was produced from low carbon steel with intercritical annealing treatment. Its optically determined surface microstructure was utilized to construct three different microstructural models. To describe the ductile damage in the ferritic matrix, the Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman model was used with the failure in the martensite phase being ignored. The numerical results obtained for the mechanism of void initiation and coalescence were compared with the experimental observations. The numerical results obtained from the randomly extruded 3D model showed a significantly better agreement with the experimental ones than those obtained from the 2D model or the uniformly extruded 3D model.

关键词： dual phase steel 3D model microstructure micromechanical modeling GTN dam-age model

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Scour countermeasures for cylindrical piers using riprap and combination of collar and riprap

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2010年第3期25卷 313-321页

作者： Amir R. ZARRATI Mohammad R. chamani Abolfazl SHAFAIE Milad LATIFI Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology Dept. of Civil Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Dept. Civil Engineering Isfahan University of Technology

Various methods are proposed to control scouring around bridge piers. In the present study application of riprap alone and combinations of riprap and collar were examined experimentally for scour control around cylindrical bridge piers. Tests were conducted with seven riprap sizes and with two different sizes of collars. Empirical equations were developed for stable riprap diameter for two cases of piers with and without collar protection. Extent of riprap layer is also presented for these two cases. The results showed that in the range of b/dR≤7.5 (where b is pier diameter and dR is riprap size) using a collar reduced the stable riprap size. It was also concluded that using collar reduced the riprap layer extension in front and sides of the pier.

关键词： Scour Countermeasures Cylindrical Piers Collar Riprap

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