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ABA Signaling in Guard Cells Entails a Dynamic Protein-Protein Interaction Relay from the PYL-RCAR Family Receptors to Ion Channels

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Molecular Plant 2013年第2期6卷 528-538页

作者： Sung Chul Lee chae woo lim Wenzhi Lan Kai He Sheng Luan Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of California Berkeley CA 94720 USA School of Biological Sciences (BK21 Program) Chung-Ang University Seoul 156-756 Korea Plant Molecular Biology Institute and College of Life Sciences Nanjing University China WCU Program Chonnam National University Gwangju Korea

Plant hormone abscisic acid （ABA） serves as an integrator of environmental stresses such as drought to trig-ger stomatal closure by regulating specific ion channels in guard cells. We previously reported that SLAC1, an outward anion channel required for stomatal closure, was regulated via reversible protein phosphorylation events involving ABA signaling components, including protein phosphatase 2C members and a SnRK2-type kinase （OST1）. In this study, we reconstituted the ABA signaling pathway as a protein-protein interaction relay from the PYL/RCAR-type receptors, to the PP2C-SnRK2 phosphatase-kinase pairs, to the ion channel SLAC1. The ABA receptors interacted with and inhibited PP2C phosphatase activity against the SnRK2-type kinase, releasing active SnRK2 kinase to phosphorylate, and activate the SLAC1 channel, leading to reduced guard cell turgor and stomatal closure. Both yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays were used to verify the interactions among the components in the pathway. These biochemical assays demonstrated activity modifications of phosphatases and kinases by their interaction partners. The SLAC1 channel activity was used as an endpoint readout for the strength of the signaling pathway, depending on the presence of different combinations of signaling components. Further study using transgenic plants overexpressing one of the ABA receptors demonstrated that changing the relative level of interacting partners would change ABA sensitivity.

关键词： abscisic acid ABA receptor protein kinase protein phosphatase SLAC1.

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Extracellular vesicles for neural regeneration after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 491-492页

作者： Young-Ju lim wook-Tae Park Gun woo Lee Department of Orthopedic Surgery Yeungnam University Medical CenterYeungnam University College of MedicineDaeguKorea

What is spinal cord injury:Spinal cord injury(SCI)is the damage to the structure of the bundles of cells and nerves that communicate signals from the brain to the body and *** pathology of SCI includes both primary and secondary injuries(Morales et al.,2016).Physical forces such as compression,shearing,contusion,and tearing are major causes of primary injury in *** are two main processes in primary injury:acute and *** acute phase includes traumatic disruption of axons and hemorrhage of the blood vessels around the spinal *** injury to the vessels can lead to increased edema within the neural and cord tissues,susceptibility to infiltration by microglia and astrocytes,excitotoxicity,and ***,disruption of the blood-spinal cord barrier results in the release of inflammatory cytokines from specific cells and vessels.

关键词： acute injuries nerves

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Bidirectional rotating direct-current triboelectric nanogenerator with self-adaptive mechanical switching for harvesting reciprocating motion

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第4期6卷 324-335页

作者： Donghan Lee Joonmin chae Sumin Cho Jong woo Kim Awais Ahmad Mohammad Rezaul Karim Moonwoo La Sung Jea Park Dongwhi Choi Department of Mechanical Engineering(Integrated Engineering Program) Kyung Hee University1732 Deogyeong-daeroYonginGyeonggi 17104Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry University of LahoreLahorePakistan Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11421Saudi Arabia School of Mechanical Engineering Korea University of Technology and Education1600 Chungjeol-roCheonanChungnam 31253Republic of Korea

Amid the growing interest in triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)as novel energy-harvesting devices,several studies have focused on direct current(DC)TENGs to generate a stable DC output for operating electronic ***,owing to the working mechanisms of conventional DC TENGs,generating a stable DC output from reciprocating motion remains a ***,we propose a bidirectional rotating DC TENG(BiR-TENG),which can generate DC outputs,regardless of the direction of rotation,from reciprocating *** distinct design of the BiR-TENG enables the mechanical rectification of the alternating current output into a rotational-direction-dependent DC ***,it allows the conversion of the rotational-direction-dependent DC output into a unidirectional DC output by adapting the configurations depending on the rotational *** to these tailored design strategies and subsequent optimizations,the BiR-TENG could generate an effective unidirectional DC *** of the BiR-TENG for the reciprocating motions of swinging doors and waves were demonstrated by harnessing this *** study demonstrates the potential of the BiR-TENG design strategy as an effective and versatile solution for energy harvesting from reciprocating motions,highlighting the suitability of DC outputs as an energy source for electronic devices.

关键词： direct-current triboelectric nanogenerator mechanical rectification self-adaptive mechanical design harvesting reciprocation motion

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Vlodulation of ABA Signaling by Altering VxGФL Vlotif of PP2Cs in Oryza sativa

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Molecular Plant 2017年第9期10卷 1190-1205页

作者： Seungsu Han

The abscisic acid （ABA） signaling pathway is regulated by clade A type 2C protein phosphatases （PP2CAs） in plants. In the presence of ABA, PP2Cs release stress/ABA-activated protein kinases by binding to ABA-bound receptors （PYL/RCARs） for activation. Although the wedging tryptophan in PP2Cs is critical in the interaction with PYL/RCARs in Arabidopsis and rice, it remains elusive as to how other interface regions are involved in the interaction. Here, we report the identification of a conserved region on PP2Cs, termed the VxG4ФL motif, which modulates the interaction with PYL/RCARs through its second and fourth residues. The effects of the second and fourth residues on the interaction of OsPP2CS0 with several OsPYIJRCAR proteins were investigated by systematic mutagenesis. One OsPP2C50 mutant, VFGML （＂FM＂） mutant, lowered the affinity to OsPYL/RCAR3 by Ф15-fold in comparison with the wUd-type. Compar- ison of the crystal structures of wild-type OsPP2C50：ABA：OsPYI./RCAR3 with those composed of FM mutant revealed local conformational changes near the VxGФL motif, further supported by hydrogen-deute- rium exchange mass spectrometry. In rice protoplasts, ABA signaling was altered by mutations in the VxGФL motif. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing OsPP2C50 and OsPP2C5OFM showed altered ABA sensitivity. Taken together, the VxGФL motif of PP2Cs appears to modulate the affinity of PP2Cs with PYL/RCARs and thus likely to alter the ABA signaling, leading to the differential sensitivity to ABA in planta.

关键词： ABA receptor type 2C protein phosphatase VxGФL motif Oryza sativa

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Efficacy of chemotherapy containing bevacizumab in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer according to programmed cell death ligand 1

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第8期16卷 3521-3528页

作者： Shin woo Kang Sung Hee lim Min-Ji Kim Jeeyun Lee Young Suk Park Ho Yeong lim Won Ki Kang Seung Tae Kim Division of Hematology Oncology Department of MedicineSamsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoul 06351South Korea Samsung Biomedical Research Institute Samsung Medical CenterSeoul 06351South Korea

BACKGROUND Bevacizumab,an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)monoclonal antibody,inhibits angiogenesis and reduces tumor *** VEGF-C,lactate dehydrogenase,and inflammatory markers have been reported as predictive markers related to bevacizumab *** cell death ligand 1(PD-L1)could act upon VEGF receptor 2 to induce cancer cell angiogenesis and *** To investigate the efficacy of bevacizumab-containing chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer(CRC)according to the expression of *** This analysis included CRC patients who received bevacizumab plus FOLFOX or FOLFIRI as first-line therapy between June 24,2014 and February 28,2022,at Samsung Medical Center(Seoul,South Korea).Analysis of patient data included evaluation of PD-L1 expression by the combined positive score(CPS).We analyzed the efficacy of bevacizumab according to PD-L1 expression status in patients with *** A total of 124 patients was included in this *** all patients were treated with bevacizumab plus FOLFIRI or FOLFOX as the first-line *** 77%of patients received FOLFOX,23%received FOLFIRI as backbone first-line *** numbers of patients with a PD-L1 CPS of 1 or more,5 or more,or 10 or more were 105(85%),64(52%),and 32(26%),*** results showed no significant difference in progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS)with bevacizumab treatment between patients with PDL1 CPS less than 1 and those with PD-L1 CPS of 1 or more(PD-L1<1%vs PD-L1≥1%;PFS:P=0.93,OS:P=0.33),between patients with PD-L1 CPS less than 5 and of 5 or more(PD-L1<5%vs PD-L1≥5%;PFS:P=0.409,OS:P=0.746),and between patients with PD-L1 CPS less than 10 and of 10 or more(PD-L1<10%vs PD-L1≥10%;PFS:P=0.529,OS:P=0.568).CONCLUSION Chemotherapy containing bevacizumab can be considered as first-line therapy in metastatic CRC irrespective of PD-L1 expression.

关键词： Bevacizumab Colorectal cancer Programmed cell death ligand 1 expression First-line chemotherapy Metastatic colorectal cancer

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Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 1 Ablation in Motor Neurons Causes Mitochondrial Dysfunction Leading to Age-related Motor Neuron Degeneration with Muscle Loss

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 637-649页

作者： Hyun-Kyung So Hyebeen Kim Jinwoo Lee Chang-lim You chae-Eun Yun Hyeon-Ju Jeong Eun-Ju Jin Yunju Jo Dongryeol Ryu Gyu-Un Bae Jong-Sun Kang Department of Molecular Cell Biology Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSuwonKorea Single Cell Network Research Center Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSuwonKorea Research Institute of Aging-Related Diseases AniMusCureInc.SuwonKorea Drug Information Research Institute Muscle Physiome Research CenterCollege of PharmacySookmyung Women’s UniversitySeoulKorea

Neuromuscular dysfunction is tightly associated with muscle wasting that occurs with age or due to degenerative ***,the molecular mechanisms underlying neuromuscular dysfunction are currently *** studies have proposed important roles of Protein arginine methyltransferase 1(Prmt1)in muscle stem cell function and muscle *** the current study,we set out to determine the role of Prmt1 in neuromuscular function by generating mice with motor neuron-specific ablation of Prmt1(mnKO)using *** exhibited age-related motor neuron degeneration and neuromuscular dysfunction leading to premature muscle loss and ***1 deficiency also impaired motor function recovery and muscle reinnervation after sciatic nerve *** transcriptome analysis of aged mnKO lumbar spinal cords revealed alterations in genes related to inflammation,cell death,oxidative stress,and ***,mnKO lumbar spinal cords of sciatic nerve injury model or aged mice exhibited elevated cellular stress response in motor ***,Prmt1 inhibition in motor neurons elicited mitochondrial *** findings demonstrate that Prmt1 ablation in motor neurons causes agerelated motor neuron degeneration attributing to muscle ***,Prmt1 is a potential target for the prevention or intervention of sarcopenia and neuromuscular dysfunction related to aging.

关键词： degeneration impaired prevention

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Transparent high-performance piezoceramics through pressureless sintering

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第5期13卷 561-567页

作者： Hye-lim Yu woo-Seok Kang Ju-Hyeon Lee Temesgen Tadeyos Zate Young-Jin Lee Bo-Kun Koo Dong-Jin Shin Min-Soo Kim Soon-Jong Jeong Young Ghyu Ahn wook Jo Department of Material Science and Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science and TechnologyUlsan 44919Republic of Korea Energy Conversion Research Center Korea Electrotechnology Research InstituteChangwon 51543Republic of Korea MLCC Development Team Component Biz.UnitSamsung Electro-Mechanics Co.Ltd.Suwon 16674Republic of Korea

Piezoelectricity offers an electromechanical coupling that is widely utilized in transducer *** has been a consistent demand for transparent piezoelectric materials for optoelectrical ***,despite the inherent tradeoff between the transparency and the piezoelectricity,numerous strategies have been explored to develop the transparent piezoelectric ***,the most transparent piezoelectric materials developed to date is either a single crystal or materials that achieve transparency via hot-press sintering,limiting its industrial ***,we introduce a novel piezoelectric material that ensures transparency through co-doping and pressureless sintering of polycrystalline *** this study,we employed a compositional optimization approach to enhance the synergistic effect between the transparency and the piezoelectric properties of 0.71Pb(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_(3)–0.29PbTiO_(3)(PMN–0.29PT)*** utilizing the tape casting process for mass production and large-area manufacturing,our Pb_(0.913)La_(0.0145)Sm_(0.0145)(Mg_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))_(0.71)Ti_(0.29)O_(3)(TP2.9)ceramics exhibited over 60%transparency and large piezoelectric coefficient(d33)of 1104 pC/*** material holds considerable promise for a wide range of industrial applications in both the optical and electronic domains.

关键词： piezoelectric ceramics transparency pressureless sintering co-doping tape casting

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Follow-up strategy for early detection of delayed pseudoaneurysms in patients with blunt traumatic spleen injury: A single-center retrospective study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第10期16卷 3163-3170页

作者： Sung Hoon Cho Gun woo Kim Suyeong Hwang Kyoung Hoon lim Department of Surgery Trauma CenterKyungpook National University HospitalSchool of MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41944South Korea

BACKGROUND The spleen is the most commonly injured solid organ in blunt abdominal trauma,and splenic pseudoaneurysm rupture is associated with a high risk of *** management has become the standard treatment for hemodynam-ically stable patients with splenic *** the other hand,delayed splenic pseudoaneurysms can develop in any patient,and at present,there are no known risk factors that may reliably predict their ***,there is a lack of consensus regarding the most appropriate strategies for monitoring and mana-ging splenic injuries,especially lower-grade(I-III).AIM To determine the predictors of pseudo-aneurysm formation following splenic injury and develop follow-up strategies for early detection of *** We retrospectively analyzed patients who visited the Level I Trauma Center bet-ween January 2013 and December 2022 and were diagnosed with spleen injuries after blunt abdominal *** Using the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma spleen injury scale,the splenic injuries were categorized into the following order based on severity:Grade I(n=57,17.6%),grade II(n=114,35.3%),grade III(n=89,27.6%),grade IV(n=50,15.5%),and grade V(n=13,4.0%).Of a total of 323 patients,35 underwent splenectomy and 126 underwent angioembolization.19 underwent delayed angioembolization,and 5 under-went both initial and delayed *** 14 patients who had undergone delayed angioembolization,no extravasation or pseudoaneurysm was observed on the initial computed tomography *** are no particular patient-related risk factors for the formation of a delayed splenic pseudoaneurysm,which can occur even in a grade I spleen injury or even 21 days after the *** mean detection time for a delayed pseudoaneurysm was 6.26±5.4(1-21,median:6,inter-quartile range:2-9)*** We recommend regular follow-up computed tomography scans,including an arterial and portal venous phase,at least 1 week an

关键词： Blunt trauma Spleen injury Delayed pseudoaneurysm Angioembolization Nonoperative management

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Viral-host molecular interactions and metabolic modulation:Strategies to inhibit flaviviruses pathogenesis

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World Journal of Virology 2024年第4期13卷 41-50页

作者： Zeeshan Ahmad Khan Mukesh Kumar Yadav Dong-woo lim Hojun Kim Jing-Hua Wang AbuZar Ansari Biohealth Products Research Center(BPRC) Research Center for Agedlife Redesign(RCAR)Department of Physical TherapyINJE UniversityGimhae 5084South Korea Department of Microbiology Central University of PunjabBathinda 151401India Department of Diagnostics College of Korean MedicineDongguk UniversityGoyang 10326South Korea Division of Rehabilitation Medicine of Korean Medicine Department of Oriental Rehabilitation MedicineDongguk UniversityIlsan HospitalGoyang 10326South Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine Dongguk UniversityGoyang 10326South Korea Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 07985South Korea

Flaviviruses,which include globally impactful pathogens,such as West Nile virus,yellow fever virus,Zika virus,Japanese encephalitis virus,and dengue virus,contribute significantly to human *** the ongoing emergence and resurgence of flavivirus-mediated pathogenesis,the absence of specific therapeutic options remains a challenge in the prevention and treatment of flaviviral *** the intricate processes of fusion,transcription,replication,and maturation,the complex interplay of viral and host metabolic interactions affects *** interactions involve metabolic molecules,such as amino acids,glucose,fatty acids,and nucleotides,each playing a pivotal role in the replication and maturation of *** viral-host metabolic molecular interactions hijack and modulate the molecular mechanisms of host metabolism.A comprehensive understanding of these intricate metabolic pathways offers valuable insights,potentially unveiling novel targets for therapeutic interventions against flaviviral *** review emphasizes promising avenues for the development of therapeutic agents that target specific metabolic molecules,such as amino acids,glucose,fatty acids,and nucleotides,which interact with flavivirus replication and are closely linked to the modulation of host *** clinical limitations of current drugs have prompted the development of new inhibitory strategies for flaviviruses based on an understanding of the molecular interactions between the virus and the host.

关键词： Flavivirus Nonstructural proteins Virus-host interaction Metabolism Inhibitors Vaccines

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Performance of pulsed plasma thruster at low discharge energy

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第4期26卷 122-132页

作者：李鸿俊林泽豪胡浩俊吴文东陈爱虹杜德扬 Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Faculty of Engineering The University of Nottingham Malaysia CampusSemenyih 43500Malaysia Faculty of Engineering Multimedia UniversityCyberjaya 63100Malaysia

As the size of satellites scales down, low-power and compact propulsion systems such as the pulsed plasma thruster(PPT) are needed for stabilizing these miniature satellites in orbit. Most PPT systems are operated at 2 J or more of discharge energy. In this work, the performance of a PPT with a side-fed, tongue-flared electrode configuration operated within a lower discharge energy range of 0.5-2.5 J has been investigated. Ablation and charring of the polytetrafluoroethylene propellant surface were analyzed through field-effect scanning electron microscopy imaging and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. When the discharge energy fell below 2 J, inconsistencies occurred in the specific impulse and the thrust efficiency due to the measurement of the low mass bit. At energy ≥2 J, the performance parameters are compared with other PPT systems of similar configuration and discussed in depth.

关键词： pulsed plasma thruster low discharge energy performance parameters

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