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Development and Characterization of Particle Boards Based on Sorghum Husk

Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第9期14卷 2460-2470页

作者： Hamed Tidjani Tabe Gbian Edem chabi Valéry Kouandété Doko Kora Farid Carlos Yarou Emmanuel Olodo Laboratory of Applied Energy and mechanics (LEMA) Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Laboratory of Rural Engineering School of Rural Engineering National University of Agriculture Ketou Benin

This study tackles current environmental challenges by developing innovative and eco-friendly particle boards utilizing sorghum husk, combined with recycled expanded polystyrene (EPS). This dual eco-responsible approach valorizes sorghum husk, often deemed agricultural waste, and repurposes EPS, a plastic waste, thus contributing to CO2 emission reduction and effective waste management. The manufacturing process involves dissolving recycled polystyrene within a solvent to create a binder, which is then mixed with sorghum husk and cold-pressed into composite boards. The study explores the impact of two particle sizes (fine and coarse) and two different concentrations of the recycled EPS binder. Results demonstrate significant variations in the boards’ mechanical properties, displaying a range of Modulus of Rupture (MOR) from 0.84 MPa to 3.85 MPa, and Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) spanning from 658.13 MPa to 1313.25 MPa, influenced by the binder concentration and particle size. These characteristics suggest that the boards can be effectively used in various construction applications, including interior decoration, false ceilings, and potentially for furniture and door manufacturing when combined with appropriate coatings. This study not only exemplifies the valorization of plastic and agricultural wastes but also offers a practical, localized solution to global climate change challenges by promoting sustainable construction materials.

关键词： Eco-Material Bio-Sourced Material Sorghum Husk Particle Board Recycled Expanded Polystyrene Sustainable Construction

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A New Approach for the Stability Analysis in Hydromagnetic Couette Flow

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2017年第7期5卷 1503-1514页

作者： Adjimon Vincent Monwanou Amoussou Laurent Hinvi Hodévèwan Clément Miwadinou Jean Bio chabi Orou Institut de Mathématiques et de Sciences Physiques Porto-Novo Bénin Institut Universitaire de Technologie Lokossa Bénin Ecole Normale Supérieure Natitingou Bénin

This paper analyses the effects of small injection/suction Reynolds number, Hartmann parameter, permeability parameter and wave number on a viscous incompressible electrically conducting fluid flow in a parallel porous plates forming a channel. The plates of the channel are parallel with the same constant temperature and subjected to a small injection/suction. The upper plate is allowed to move in flow direction and the lower plate is kept at rest. A uniform magnetic field is applied perpendicularly to the plates. The main objective of the paper is to study the effect of the above parameters on temporal linear stability analysis of the flow with a new approach based on modified Orr-Sommerfeld equation. It is obtained that the permeability parameter, the Hartmann parameter and the wave number contribute to the linear temporal stability while the small injection/suction Reynolds number has a negligible effect on the stability.

关键词： Hydromagnetic Flat Couette Flow Injection/Suction Parameter Modified Orr-Sommerfeld Equation Temporal Linear Stability

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Effects of Good Practices for Catch-Up Vaccinations: Assessment with a Quasi-Experimental Study in Democratic Republic of Congo

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2019年第1期9卷 50-63页

作者： Yolaine Glèlè-Ahanhanzo Alphonse Kpozèhouen Collard Madika Colette Azandjèmè chabi O. Alphonse Biaou Aristide Aplogan Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department Public Health Regional Institute Ouidah Benin Ministry of Health Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Health Promotion Department Public Health Regional Institute Ouidah Benin Agence de Médecine Préventive Abidjan Ivory Coast

Introduction: Despite the enormous resources deployed and the success achieved in vaccination, reducing the number of children who remain unvaccinated remains a major operational challenge in certain countries. In 2014, the Kalemie Expanded Program of Immunization outpost in the Democratic Republic of the Congo was faced with a high number of unvaccinated children. They instituted a “token” catch-up system based on a collaborative approach with community health workers. This study aims to document the effects of this strategy on vaccination coverage. methods: This study was a comparative quasi-experimental test/control study. The “test” health area was Undugu where the catch-up strategy was implemented and the “control” health area was Kanunka. A vaccination coverage survey was conducted according to the WHO method in both health areas, examining children aged 12 to 23 months. The proportions were compared using a Pearson chi-square test and the odds ratios were estimated. Results: Vaccine coverage was significantly higher in the “test” health area for all the antigens. Full vaccination coverage was 69.4% in the “test” health area versus 31% in the “control” health area, with a 4.7 times greater chance of being fully vaccinated in the “test” health area (OR: 4.7;CI 95% [3.1 - 7.2];p = 0.0001). Conclusion: This study demonstrates the value of a strategy that can increase access to vaccination and use of vaccination services, leading to a reduction in inequality in this area. However, this is linked to adapting the collaborative model on which it is based. This must be taken into consideration in plans to reproduce the findings.

关键词： Immunisation Programs Vaccination Coverage Community Participation Non-Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

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Synthesis and Characterization of Local Bio-Sourced Geopolymer Binder: Application to Compressed Earth Blocs

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材料科学与工程（中英文A版） 2024年第2期14卷 49-60页

作者： Marx Ferdinand Ahlinhan Edem chabi Dorothée Djenou Orphée Dansou Franklin Sedoka Alain Akponon Edmond Codjo Adjovi Laboratory of Study and Test in Civil Engineering(L2EGC) National High School of Public Works(ENSTP)National University of SciencesTechnologiesEngineering and Mathematics(UNSTIM)Abomey 2282 GohoDepartment of ZouRepublic of Benin Laboratory of Rural Engineering School of Rural EngineeringNational University of Agriculture(UNA)IdignyKétou 01 BP 55Department of PlateauRepublic of Benin

The construction industry continues to rely on conventional materials like cement,which often can come with a high cost and significant environmental impact,particularly in terms of greenhouse gas *** tackle the challenges of sustainable development,there is growing interest in using local available materials with low environmental *** study primarily focuses on synthesizing and characterizing a geopolymer binder made from local materials found in Benin to stabilize CEB(compressed earth brick).The synthesis involves combining amorphous aluminosilicate powder with a highly concentrated alkaline *** calcined kaolinite clay(metakaolin)and corn cob ash obtained after calcination at 600°C were used with a 12 M sodium hydroxide(NaOH)*** mixtures of geopolymer were formulated substituting metakaolin by corn cob ash at rates of 0%,5%,10%,and 15%of the dry weight of the *** physical and mechanical characterization tests were conducted on each *** showed that geopolymer binders containing 85%metakaolin and 15%corn cob ash exhibited the best physical and mechanical performance(e.g.12.08 MPa for compression strength).Subsequently,this geopolymer formulation was used to stabilize *** revealed that CEBs stabilized with 10%geopolymer exhibit good mechanical properties(6.93 MPa),comparable to those of CEBs stabilized with 10%cement(7.40 MPa),justifying their use as load-bearing walls in construction.

关键词： Sustainable building materials metakaolin cob corn ash geopolymer CEB eco-friendly construction.

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Quality of Management of Severe Malaria Cases in Children under Five: A Case of Four Health Facilities in the Littoral Department in Benin

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2020年第3期10卷 163-175页

作者： Gloria Ayivi-Vinz Ghislain E. Sopoh Charles Sossa chabi Olaniran Alphonse Biaou Abdou-Rahim Ouro-Koura Michel Makoutodé Edgar-Marius Ouendo Institut Régional de Santé Publique Comlan Alfred Quenum Université d’Abomey Calavi Bénin Centre de Formation en Santé Publique (CFSP) Lomé Togo

Background: Benin republic is a sub-Saharan African country endemic to malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum. To reduce the death rate due to this scourge, it is essential to ensure quality care, especially for children under five years who are the most vulnerable. The main objective of this study is to assess the quality of severe malaria case management in patients under five years. Methods: Descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study

关键词： Severe Malaria Case Management Protocol Observance Quality of Care Benin

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Morphological Diversity of Corn’s (<i>Zea mays</i>L.) Local Cultivar and Improved Varieties in Central and North of Benin

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第18期6卷 2867-2877页

作者： Hafiz A. Salami Adolphe Adjanohoun Wilfrid Padonou Abdoul-Madjidou Yacoubou Djima Aly chabi Yallou Haziz Sina Lamine Baba-Moussa Laboratoire de Biologie et de Typage Moléculaire en Microbiologie Département de Biochimie et de Biologie Cellulaire Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin Centre de Recherches Agricoles Sud Institut National des Recherches Agricoles du Bénin (INRAB) Attogon Benin Programme Technologie Agricole et Alimentaire (PTAA) Institut National des Recherches Agricoles du Bénin (INRAB) Porto-Novo Benin Centre de Recherches Agricoles Nord Institut National des Recherches Agricoles du Bénin (INRAB) N’dali Benin

The better knowledge of a plant genetic biodiversity is based on a prior study of its agro-morphological characteristics. The objective of this study was to investigate the morphological diversity of maize accessions and its structure on the basis of 14 variables. For the experimentation, 43 and 98 maize accessions were planted in three replicates respectively in central and northern Benin following an incomplete randomized block. The mixed model analysis of two factors variance revealed a significant difference for all accessions considering each agro-morphological characteristic evaluated except the germination day of two areas seed accessions. The numerical classification grouped the accessions into four groups in each zone. The stepwise discriminant analysis showed that early characters related to plant height and ear insertion were the variables that discriminated accessions in both zones. Maturity and recovery ears, sensitivity to streak and the germination days are the variables that discriminate accessions of the two areas. These results provide a database for the creation of improved maize varieties that meet the needs of

关键词： Accessions Characterization Agro-Morphological Zea mays L. Benin

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Modelling the Current and Future Spatial Distribution Area of Shea Tree (<i>Vittelaria paradoxa</i>C. F. Gaertn) in the Context of Climate Change in Benin

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American Journal of Climate Change 2021年第3期10卷 263-281页

作者： Yasminath Judith Follone Avaligbé Faki Oyédékpo chabi Césaire Paul Gnanglè Orou Daouda Bello Ibouraïma Yabi Léonard Ahoton Aliou Saïdou Integrated Soil and Crop Management Research Unit Laboratory of Soil Sciences Crop Sciences School Faculty of Agronomic Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Agricultural Research Centre (CRA) of Agonkanmey National Agricultural Research Institute of Benin (INRAB) Cotonou Benin Laboratory Pierre PAGNEY “Climate Water Ecosystem and Development (LACEEDE)” Department of Geography and Land Management (DAGT) Faculty of Human and Social Sciences (FASHS) University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin

In Benin, Shea tree (Vitellaria paradoxa) is one of the agroforestry species of great socio-economic importance for local populations. Given the actual variation in the climate parameters, it is necessary to anticipate the future spatial distribution of Shea trees as an adaptation strategy and for designing relevant conservation strategies. The aim of the present research was to evaluate the influence of climate change on the distribution areas of Shea trees in Benin. Occurrence data consisting of geographic coordinates of Shea trees in Benin as well as bioclimatic variables were recorded. Furthemore, additional presence points were collected from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility database website. Current and future environmental data for the study area were obtained from the Africlim website. Bioclimatic variables (moisture and temperature), monthly maximum and minimum temperatures and annual rainfall were collected from Worldclim synoptic stations website for the period 1970-2000. The aridity index was created from the potential evapotranspiration (PET) and annual rainfall, using spatial analysis tools of ArcGIS. The impact of current and future environmental conditions on favourable Shea trees’ growing area was assessed following the maximum entropy (MaxEnt) approach under two climate scenarios (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5). Under the current climate conditions, 80% of Benin territory and 79% of the protected areas were highly favourable for Shea trees growing and conservation. However, all climate scenarios projected the significant decrease of 14% to 19% of the distribution of favourable for Shea tree growing area and 26% to 30% of the protected areas by 2055 in favour of non-favourable for the trees’ distribution. The protection of habitats favourable for the species development, coupled with a quick restoration of the species through the use of appropriate vegetative propagation techniques are required to sustain the species’ conservation in Benin and mai

关键词： Bioclimatic Variables Agroforestry Scenario Analysis Adaptation Strategy Conservation

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First Research on Bat Bacteria in Burkina Faso (West Africa)

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Advances in Microbiology 2023年第9期13卷 462-476页

作者： Noel Gabiliga Thiombiano Géraud Joel Guigma Magloire Boungou Amana metuor Dabire Bertrand Mèschac Adéchègoun chabi Malika Kangoye Adama Oueda Jacques Simpore Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie Animales (LBEA) Unité de Formation et de Recherche/Science de la Vie et de la Terre (UFR/SVT) Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et de Génétique (LABIOGENE) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso University de Dédougou Dédougou Burkina Faso Université de Ouahigouya Ouahigouya Burkina Faso

The world is in turmoil with the emergence of various diseases in which bats play a key part. Indeed, bats are known to host bacteria that can create major public health problems. The investigation into bat bacteria was carried out from December 2020 to September 2021 at seven sites in Burkina Faso. Bat specimen collection occurred from 6 pm to 5 am with mist nets. On each bat captured, an oral and rectum swab was taken to search for bacterial species using standard bacterial culture methods. A total of 204 bats representing 11 species were captured. 183 bat specimens were infected by at least one bacterium with a prevalence of 89.7%. 54 species of bacteria divided into 30 genera were identified from the 183 specimens. Bacterial species richness was the highest in the bat Mops condylurus (A. Smith, 1833) followed by Epomophorus gambianus (Ogilby, 1835). Genus Escherichia was the most frequent of the bat species. Genus Pseudomonas alone is represented by six species. The most infected site was the rectum, from which we isolated 44 species of bacteria out of the 54 species. The most infected locality was Ouagadougou. Bacteria are highly pathogenic to humans and may be responsible for public health problems, such as Shigella sp. was identified and bacteria known to cause harm to bats such as Yersinia and Pasteurella were also isolated. From this study, decisions on the management of public health problems can be considered drown to avoid the emergence and re-emergence of certain zoonotic diseases.

关键词： Chiroptera Bacteria Prevalence Diversity Burkina Faso

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Assessment of Groundwater Physico-Chemical Quality in the Ouémé Delta (Southern-Benin)

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第3期15卷 298-317页

作者： Aoulatou Alassane Zakari Dadja Toyou Masamaéya Gnazou Abdoukarim Alassane Kodjo Apelete Raoul Kpegli Ousmane Touré Boukari Bio Guidah chabi Bénito Didier Koukpohounsi Daouda Mama Laboratory of Applied Hydrology National Water Institute University of Abomey-Calavi Benin (LHA/INE/UAC) Cotonou B&eacutenin International Chair in Mathematical Physics and Applications (ICMPA—UNESCO Chair) Cotonou B&eacutenin Laboratory of Applied Hydrology and Environment Faculty of Sciences University of Lom&eacute Togo (LHAE/FDS/UL) Lom&eacute Togo

Groundwater resources are the main sources of water used to supply drinking water to the population of the Ouémé Delta via the Continental Terminal aquifer. Urbanization, population growth, and agricultural and industrial activities have resulted in a deterioration in the quality of these resources. To assess the quality of the delta’s groundwater and its suitability for human consumption and irrigation, a total of fourteen (14) physico-chemical parameters were analyzed in some forty existing water points between September 2020 and March 2021, using standard water analysis techniques. The values obtained were compared with the potability standards recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Republic of Benin and were subjected to statistical analysis (principal component analysis (PCA)). In addition, methods for determining the suitability of water for irrigation were used. The results showed that the waters are acidic to slightly neutral and influenced by ambient temperature. In addition, the waters are moderately mineralized, with conductivities (24 - 1205 μS/cm) in line with WHO standards. A comparison of the analytical results of the WHO (2017) and Benin (2001) standards indicates that the majority of the waters studied are of good quality for all the chemical parameters considered. Nevertheless, some samples show levels of nitrates (21%), potassium (14% to 16%), calcium (13%), ammonium (12%), nitrites (8%) and bicarbonates (10%) over their respective standards. The Wilcox and Riverside diagrams indicate that the majority of waters (90%) have excellent suitability for irrigation and no negative effect on soil fertilization.

关键词： Benin OuéméDelta Groundwater Physico-Chemical Quality Consumption Irrigation

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Long-Term Mortality of Children with Congenital Heart Disease Admitted to the Departmental University Hospital of Borgou/Alibori from 2011 to 2022

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第3期14卷 166-186页

作者： Serge Hugues Mahougnon Dohou Nicolas Hamondji Amegan Ahmad Ibrahim Gérard Médétinmè Kpanidja chabi Olaniran Alphonse Biaou Houétondji Léopold Codjo Cardiology Teaching and Research Unit (CHUD-B/A) Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin É cole de Sant&#233 Publique de l&#8217Universit&#233 de Montr&#233al (ESPUM) Montr&#233al Qu&#233bec Canada Paediatrics and medical Genetics Teaching and Research Unit (CHUD-B/A) Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Regional Institute of Public Health University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Cardiology Department Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin

Background: Congenital heart disease is a public health issue due to its incidence and mortality rate. The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term mortality of children with congenital heart disease admitted to the Departmental University Hospital of Borgou/Alibori (CHUD-B/A) from 2011 to 2022. methods: This descriptive longitudinal study with analytical aims covered 11 years (April 1, 2011 to December 31, 2022). It consisted of a review of the records of children under 15 years of age with echocardiographically confirmed congenital heart disease. This was followed by an interview with the parents to assess the children’s current condition. Data were entered using Kobocollect software and analyzed using R Studio 4.2.2. software. Results: A total of 143 complete files were retained. The median age at diagnosis was 14 months (IIQ: Q1 = 4;Q3 = 60) with a range of 2 days and 175 months, and the sex-ratio (M/F) was 0.96. Left-to-right shunts were the most frequent cardiopathy group (62.9%). Only 35 children (24.5%) benefited from restorative treatment. The mortality rate was 31.5%. median survival under the maximum bias assumption was 114 months and 216 months under the assumption of minimum bias. Survival was significantly better in children with right-to-left shunts (p = 0.0049) under the assumption of minimum bias. The death risk factors were: age at diagnosis less than 12 months (aHR = 7.58;95% CI = 3.36 - 17.24;p Conclusion: The long-term mortality of congenital heart disease is high and favoured by the absence of restorative treatment. Local correction of congenital heart disease and medical follow-up will help to reduce this mortality.

关键词： Congenital Heart Disease Long-Term Mortality Parakou Risk Factors

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