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Proline Accumulation,Photosynthetic Abilities and Growth characters of sugarcane(saccha.um officina.um L.) Plantlets in Response to Iso-Osmotic salt and Water-Deficit stress

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Agricultural sciences in China 2009年第1期8卷 51-58页

作者： suriyan Cha.um chalermpol Kirdmanee National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology(BIOTEC) National Science and Technology Development Agency(NSTDA)

The aim of this study was to investigate the biochemical, physiological and morphological responses of sugarcane to iso- osmotic salt and water-deficit stress. Disease-free sugarcane plantlets derived from meristem cuttings were photo- autotrophically grown in Ms media and subsequently exposed to -0.23 （control）, -0.67 or -1.20 MPa iso-osmotic NaCl （salt stress） or mannitol （water-deficit stress）. Chlorophyll a （Chl a）, chlorophyll b （Chl b）, total carotenoids （Cx＋c）, maximum quantum yield of PsII （Fv/Fm）, photon yield of PsII （ΦPsII）, stomatal conductance （Gs） and transpiration rate （E） in the stressed plantlets were significantly reduced when compared to those of plantlets of the control group （without mannitol or NaCl）, leading to net-photosynthetic rate （Pn） and growth reduction with positive correlation. In addition, physiological changes and growth parameters of plantlets in the salt stress conditions were more sharply reduced than those in waterdeficit stress conditions. On the other hand, the proline content and non-photochemical quenching （NPQ） in the leaves of stressed plantlets increased significantly, especially in response to iso-osmotic salt stress. The chlorophyll pigments in iso-osmotic stressed leaves were significantly degraded （r^2 = 0.93）, related to low water oxidation （r^2 = 0.87）, low net- photosynthetic rate （r^2 = 0.81）, and growth reduction （r^2 = 0.97）. The multivariate biochemical, physiological and growth parameters in the present study should be further used to develop salt, or drought, tolerance indices in sugarcane breeding programs.

关键词： growth performances net-photosynthetic rate pigment degradation proline water oxidation

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Comparative Effects of salt stress and Extreme pH stress Combined on Glycinebetaine Accumulation,Photosynthetic Abilities and Growth characters of Two Rice Genotypes

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Rice science 2009年第4期16卷 274-282页

作者： suriyan CHa.um Kanyaratt sUPAIBULWATTANA chalermpol KIRDMANEE National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology National Science and Technology Development Agency113 Thailand Science ParkPaholyothin RoadKlong 1Klong LuangPathumthani 12120Thailand Department of Biotechnology Faculty of ScienceMahidol UniversityBangkok 10400Thailand

Glycinebetaine （Glybet） accumulation, photosynthetic efficiency and growth performance in indica rice cultivated under salt stress and extreme pH stress were investigated. Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase （BADH） activity and Glybet accumulation in the seedlings of salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive rice varieties grown under saline and acidic conditions peaked after treatment for 72 h and 96 h, respectively, and were higher than those grown under neutral pH and alkaline salt stress. A positive correlation was found between BADH activity and Glybet content in both salt-tolerant （P=0.71） and salt-sensitive （P=0.86） genotypes. The chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and total carotenoids contents in the stressed seedlings significantly decreased under both acidic and alkaline stresses, especially in the salt-sensitive genotype. similarly, the maximum quantum yield of PsII （Fv/Fm）, photon yield of PsII （ФPsII）, non-photochemical quenching （NPQ） and net photosynthetic rate （Pn） in the stressed seedlings were inhibited, leading to overall growth reduction. The positive correlations between chlorophyll a content and Fv/Fm, total chlorophyll content and ФPsII, and Pn as well as Pn and leaf area in both salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive genotypes were found. saline acidic and saline alkaline soils may play a key role affecting vegetative growth prior to the reproductive stage in rice plants.

关键词： rice betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase glycinebetaine accumulation photosynthetic ability chlorophyll a fluorescence pigment saline acidic soil saline alkaline soil pH stress

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Gastrointestinal and hepatic manifestations of COVID-19:A comprehensive review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第19期26卷 2323-2332页

作者： Ming Han cha Miguel Regueiro Dalbir s sandhu Department of Internal Medicine Cleveland ClinicAkron GeneralAkronOH 44307United States Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDigestive Disease and Surgery InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44307United States

The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2(sARs-CoV-2)that causes coronavirus disease-2019(COVID-19)is a global pandemic,manifested by an infectious *** patients primarily present with fever,cough and dyspnea,some patients also develop gastrointestinal(GI)and hepatic *** most common GI symptoms reported are diarrhea,nausea,vomiting,and abdominal *** chemistry abnormalities are common and include elevation of aspartate transferase,alanine transferase,and total *** have shown that sARs-CoV-2 infects the GI tract via its viral receptor angiotensin converting enzyme Ⅱ,which is expressed on enterocytes of the ileum and *** RNA has also been isolated from stool specimens of COVID-19 patients,which raised the concern for fecal-oral transmission in addition to droplet *** indirect evidence has suggested possible fecal-oral transmission of sARs-CoV-2,more effort is needed to establish the role of the fecal-oral transmission *** research will help elucidate the association between patients with underlying GI diseases,such as chronic liver disease and inflammatory bowel disease,and severity of *** this review,we summarize the data on GI involvement to date,as well as the impact of COVID-19 on underlying GI diseases.

关键词： COVID-19 sARs-CoV-2 Gastrointestinal Liver Diarrhea Inflammatory bowel disease

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Deciphering the mechanobiology of microglia in traumatic brain injury with advanced microsystems

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2304-2306页

作者： Anthony Procès sylvain Gabriele Univ.Grenoble Alpes InsermU1216Grenoble Institut des NeurosciencesGrenobleFrance Mechanobiology&Biomaterials Group CIRMAPResearch Institute for BiosciencesUniversity of MonsMonsBelgium

Advanced microsystems in traumatic brain injury research:Traumatic brain injury(TBI)results from a mechanical insult to the brain,leading to neuronal and axonal damage and subsequently causing a secondary *** minutes ... 详细信息

关键词： traumatic injury damage

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Enhanced thermoelectric performance of spark plasma sintered p-type Ca_(3-x)Y_(x)Co_(4)O_(9+δ)systems

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Journal of Materials science & Technology 2020年第20期52卷 212-222页

作者： J.s.cha D.H.Kim H.Y.Hong K.Park Faculty of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul05006Republic of Korea

Highly textured dense Ca3-xYxCo4 O9+δ(0≤x≤0.3)samples were fabricated by combining sol-gel process with spark plasma sintering(sPs).Y^3+substitution for Ca^2+simultaneously increased the seebeck coefficient and reduced the thermal *** latter was attributed to the increase in lattice anharmonicity,structural distortion,and grain boundary area,which enhanced the phonon ***2.7Y0.3Co4 O9+δshowed the largest dimensionless figure-of-merit(ZT=0.194)at 1073 K because it had the largest seebeck coefficient and the lowest thermal *** ZT value was 55%larger than that of undoped Ca3 Co4 O9(0.125 at 1073 K).Therefore,Y^3+substitution,sol-gel powder synthesis,and sPs are highly effective for enhancing the thermoelectric prope rties of Ca_(3)Co_(4)O_(9).

关键词： Electrical conductivity Ca_(3)Co_(4)O_(9) Thermoelectric properties seebeck coefficient Thermal conductivity spark plasma sintering

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What determines irrigation efficiency when farmers face extreme weather events? A field survey of the major wheat producing regions in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第8期17卷 1888-1899页

作者： sONG Chun-xiao les Oxley MA Heng-yun College of Economics and Management Henan Agricultural University Department of Economics and Finance University of Waikato

Water availability is a major constraint on grain production in China, therefore, improving irrigation efficiency is particularly important when agriculture faces extreme weather events. This paper first calculates irrigation efficiency with a translog stochastic frontier production function and then investigates what happens when extreme weather events occur via a Tobit model. The estimated results reveal several important features of irrigation practices: i) irrigation efficiency is lower when extreme weather events occur; ii) large variations in irrigation efficiency occur across irrigation facilities; iii) the farm plots exhibit an extreme distribution across efficiency levels; and iv) water-saving techniques, technology adoption, and the maintenance of farmers’ economic resilience are major determinants of irrigation efficiency. Based on these results we propose the following recommendations: i) farmers should balance crop yield and water use; undertake relevant training programs and adopt water-saving techniques; ii) local governments and researchers should help farmers to find the optimal level of irrigation water use based on their own circumstances and provide better water-saving techniques and training programs rather than simply encouraging farmers to invest in irrigation facilities in the most extreme weather years; and iii) the income level of farm households should be increased so as to improve their resilience to natural disasters.

关键词： irrigation efficiency determinants irrigation facilities water-saving techniques extreme weather events

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Effects of excluding bottom-disturbing mobile fishing gear on abundance and biomass of groundfishes in the stellwagen Bank National Marine sanctuary,UsA

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Current Zoology 2010年第1期56卷 134-143页

作者： Briana K.BROWN Elizabeth sOULE les KAUFMAN Biology Department Boston University

The stellwagen Bank National Marine sanctuary （southern Gulf of Maine, northwest Atlantic） is partially overlapped by the Western Gulf of Maine Closure Area （WGMCA）. This is a region in which mobile, bottom-disturbing fishing gear has been banned by the New England Fishery Management Council to facilitate the rebuilding of depleted gronndfish populations. We assessed the effects and effectiveness of the WGMCA on groundfish assemblages using habitat-stratified （gravel, sand, mixed benthic habitats） sampling by means of a commercial trawler, inside and outside of the WGMCA. sampling occurred over three mouth-long sampling periods in 2004-2005, two during the spring seasons and one during the fall season. A total of 18 species were analyzed for protection effects. After controlling for substra.um, location and sampling season, eight groundfish species exhibited higher mean proportional abundance inside than outside the WGMCA while two were proportionally more abundant on average outside of the closure. Four species had higher mean proportional biomasses on average inside the closure and three outside. We conclude that the WGMCA may be achieving its goal of rebuilding abundance and biomass for some commercially targeted groundfishes but not all. This study, six to seven years post-closure establishment, reveals fine-scale spatial and taxonomic complexity which will require a very different monitoring protocol than the one currently in place if adaptive management is to be successful in the region [Current Zoology 56 （1）： 134-143, 2010].

关键词： Effects of fishing Groundfish Gulf of Maine stellwagen Bank National Marine sanctuary Trawl closure

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Case of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome with long-term follow-up

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2014年第12期2卷 930-933页

作者： Jae Myung cha Richard A Kozarek Otto s Lin Gastroenterology Division Department of Internal Medicine Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gang Dong Kyung Hee University School of Medicine Seoul 134-727 South Korea Digestive Disease Institute Virginia Mason Medical Center Seattle WA 98101 United States

Long-term cannabis use may be associated with attacks of severe nausea and vomiting, and a characteristic learned behavior of compulsive hot bathing, termed cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome(CHs). Long-term follow-up and prognosis of CHs have not been reported previously. A 44-year-old Caucasian man with a long history of addiction to marijuana presented with chronic abdominal pain complicated by attacks of uncontrollable vomiting for 16 years. He had a compulsion to take scalding hot showers, as many as 15 times a day, to relieve his symptoms. All previous therapies had been ineffective. However, abstinence from marijuana led to rapid and complete resolution of all symptoms and his compulsive hot showering behavior. He has been followed for nine years, and is still doing well without recurrence of symptoms. Physicians should have a high index of suspicion for this under-recognized condition, as excellent long-term prognosis of CHs can be achieved when abstinence is maintained.

关键词： Cannabinoids Hyperemesis Prognosis Abdominal pain Adverse drug effect

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Posterior propriety in nonparametric mixed efects model

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2013年第3期28卷 369-378页

作者： XU An-cha TANG Yin-cai College of Mathematics and Information science Wenzhou University school of Finance and statistics East China Normal University

It is well known that spline smoothing estimator relates to the Bayesian estimate under partially informative normal prior. In this paper, we derive the conditions for the pro- priety of the posterior in the nonparametric mixed effects model under this class of partially informative normal prior for fixed effect with inverse gamma priors on the variance compo- nents and hierarchical priors for covariance matrix of random effect, then we explore the Gibbs sampling procedure.

关键词： nonparametric mixed effect model Bayesian spline smoothing Gibbs sampling.

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Mechanical properties of cotton fabric reinforced geopolymer composites at 200-1000℃

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2014年第3期3卷 184-193页

作者： Thamer ALOMAYRI les VICKERs Faiz U.A.sHAIKH It-Meng LOW Department of Imaging&Applied Physics Curtin UniversityGPO Box U1987PerthWA 6845Australia Department of Physics Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah 21955Saudi Arabia Department of Civil Engineering Curtin UniversityGPO Box U1987PerthWA 6845Australia

Geopolymer composites containing woven cotton fabric(0-8.3 wt%)were fabricated using the hand lay-up technique,and were exposed to elevated temperatures of 200℃,400℃,600℃,800℃and 1000℃.With an increase in temperature,the geopolymer composites exhibited a reduction in compressive strength,flexural strength and fracture *** heated above 600℃,the composites exhibited a significant reduction in mechanical *** also exhibited brittle behavior due to severe degradation of cotton fibres and the creation of additional porosity in the *** images verified the existence of voids and small channels in the composites due to fibre degradation.

关键词： geopolymer composites microstructures mechanical properties fracture toughness

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