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Radical innovation breakthroughs of biodegradation of plastics by insects:history,present and future perspectives

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 127-165页

作者： Shan-Shan Yang Wei-Min Wu Federica Bertocchini Mark Eric Benbow Suja P.Devipriya Hyung Joon cha Bo-Yu Peng Meng-Qi Ding Lei He Mei-Xi Li Chen-Hao Cui Shao-Nan Shi Han-Jun Sun Ji-Wei Pang Defu He Yalei Zhang Jun Yang Deyi Hou De-Feng Xing Nan-Qi Ren Jie Ding Craig S.Criddle State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of EnvironmentHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering William&Cloy Codiga Resource Recovery CenterStanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Plasticentropy rue Thiers 28Reims 51100France Department of Entomology and Department of Osteopathic Medical Specialties Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA School of Environmental Studies Cochin University of Science and TechnologyKochi 682022India Department of Chemical Engineering Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohang 37673Republic of Korea School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China China Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Group CECEP Talroad Technology Co.Ltd.Beijing 100096China School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Research Institute for Frontier Science Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Insects damaging and penetrating plastic packaged materials has been reported since the *** innovation breakthroughs of plastic biodegradation have been initiated since the discovery of biodegradation of plastics by Tenebrio molitor larvae in 2015 followed by Galleria mellonella in *** we review updated studies on the insect-mediated biodegradation of *** biodegradation by insect larvae,mainly by some species of darkling beetles(Tenebrionidae)and pyralid moths(Pyralidae)is currently a highly active and potentially transformative area of *** the past eight years,publications have increased explosively,including discoveries of the ability of different insect species to biodegrade plastics,biodegradation performance,and the contribution of host and microbiomes,impacts of polymer types and their physic-chemical properties,and responsible enzymes secreted by the host and gut *** date,almost all major plastics including polyethylene(PE),polypropylene(PP),polyvinyl chloride(PVC),polyethylene terephthalate(PET),polyurethane(PUR),and polystyrene(PS)can be biodegraded by *** and ten other insect species representing the Tenebrionidae and Pyralidae *** biodegradation processes are symbiotic reactions or performed by synergistic efforts of both host and gut-microbes to rapidly depolymerize and biodegrade plastics with hourly *** digestive ezymens and bioreagents screted by the insects play an essential role in plasatic biodegradation in certain species of Tenebrionidae and Pyralidae *** research on the insect itself,gut microbiomes,transcriptomes,proteomes and metabolomes has evaluated the mechanisms of plastic biodegradation in *** conclude this review by discussing future research perspectives on insect-mediated biodegradation of plastics.

关键词： Plastics Biodegradation Insects Gut microbiomes Enzymes

清肝宁胃方辅助莫沙必利治疗对胃镜下胆汁反流情况与胃肠激素表达影响的前瞻性研究

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中华中医药学刊 2024年第6期42卷 232-235页

作者：高华查旋董巍安庆市第一人民医院安徽安庆246000

目的探讨清肝宁胃方辅助莫沙必利治疗对胆汁反流性胃炎(Bile reflux gastritis, BGR)患者胃镜下胆汁反流情况与胃肠激素表达的影响,以期为临床治疗提供一定参考。方法应用前瞻性随机对照研究方法选取2020年1月—2023年1月我院BGR患者... 详细信息

目的探讨清肝宁胃方辅助莫沙必利治疗对胆汁反流性胃炎(Bile reflux gastritis, BGR)患者胃镜下胆汁反流情况与胃肠激素表达的影响,以期为临床治疗提供一定参考。方法应用前瞻性随机对照研究方法选取2020年1月—2023年1月我院BGR患者118例,以计算机生成的随机数字表分为中西医结合组(59例)、西医组(59例)。西医组给予莫沙必利,中西医结合组给予清肝宁胃方辅助莫沙必利,均治疗1个月。比较两组疗效、不良反应与治疗前、治疗1个月后中医证候积分、胃镜下胆汁反流情况、血清炎症因子[白细胞介素-8(Interleukin 8,IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(Tumor Necrosis Factor-α,TNF-α)、C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein, CRP)]、胃肠激素[胃泌素(Gastrin, GAS)、胃动素(Motilin, MTL)]水平。结果 (1)疗效:经治疗,中西医结合组总有效率为93.22%,高于西医组的79.66%(P0.05)。结论应用清肝宁胃方辅助莫沙必利治疗BGR患者可改善胃镜下胆汁反流情况与胃肠激素表达,减轻机体炎症反应与临床症状,增强疗效,且安全性好。

关键词：清肝宁胃方莫沙必利胆汁反流性胃炎胃镜下胆汁反流情况胃肠激素

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新型冠状病毒亚基因组RNA检测方法的建立及性能评估

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实用医学杂志 2024年第12期40卷 1737-1743页

作者：赵祉薇陈茶黄彬中山大学附属第一医院医学检验科广州510080 广东省中医院检验医学部广州510120

目的建立检测新型冠状病毒(新冠病毒)亚基因组RNA(subgenomic RNA,sgRNA)的方法,并对所建立的方法进行性能评估。方法根据新型冠状病毒sgRNA序列设计引物和探针,建立检测sgRNA的实时荧光逆转录PCR(reverse transcription polymerase cha... 详细信息

目的建立检测新型冠状病毒(新冠病毒)亚基因组RNA(subgenomic RNA,sgRNA)的方法,并对所建立的方法进行性能评估。方法根据新型冠状病毒sgRNA序列设计引物和探针,建立检测sgRNA的实时荧光逆转录PCR(reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction,RT-PCR)方法,对所建立的方法进行优化,包括引物、探针的浓度及比例、延伸温度、反应体积和模板量。并对所建立的方法进行性能评估,包括最低检测限、灵敏度、特异性和重复性。对临床样本进行新冠病毒sgRNA和基因组RNA(genomic RNA,gRNA)检测,并对检测结果进行分析。结果建立了检测新冠病毒sgRNA的RT-PCR方法。所建方法的最低检测限为100 copies/mL,对常见病原体的检测结果均为阴性。对高、中、低浓度样本sgRNA进行检测,CV均35时,sgRNA-N均为阴性。结论建立了新冠病毒sgRNA的RT-PCR检测方法,方法灵敏、特异、重复性好。

关键词：新型冠状病毒亚基因组RNA 聚合酶链反应逆转录

民族地区乡村教师培训体系的外部资源融入机制探究——以怒江傈僳族自治州为例

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民族教育研究 2024年第1期35卷 125-132页

作者：茶世俊周蕊敏周品亮云南师范大学教育学部云南昆明650500 濮阳市油田第二高级中学河南濮阳457001

民族地区构建公平、高质量、可持续的乡村教师培训体系需要借助教师教育发达地区的帮扶,作为“三区三州”单列政策进行扶贫的云南省怒江傈僳族自治州更是如此。近年来,北京、上海、广东等东部发达地区政府、大中小学、培训机构、公益组... 详细信息

民族地区构建公平、高质量、可持续的乡村教师培训体系需要借助教师教育发达地区的帮扶,作为“三区三州”单列政策进行扶贫的云南省怒江傈僳族自治州更是如此。近年来,北京、上海、广东等东部发达地区政府、大中小学、培训机构、公益组织等外部机构对怒江州投入诸多培训资源,在富有成效的同时,也存在外部资源与培训机构、培训者、培训课程、学习体系等民族地区乡村教师培训体系构成要素有机融入不足的问题,主要体现为适切性不够、系统性不足、持续性不强、再生较少等。从制度理性选择理论角度,根本原因是外援者和受援者促进外部资源有机融合的制度不健全。为此,需要构建以制度为核心的有机融入机制,通过中央层面宪法规则、地方和机构层面集体选择规则以及个体层面操作规则的纵向贯通,运用导向、规划、激励、督导、评估、保障六类制度,促进民族地区内部、内外部以及外部之间围绕外部资源有机融入的协同行动。

关键词：民族地区乡村教师培训体系外部资源制度理性选择怒江傈僳族自治州

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油田企业基层舆情管控工作的探讨

江汉石油职工大学学报 2024年第3期37卷 89-90页

作者：许茶中石化江汉油田分公司采油气工程技术服务中心湖北潜江433123

基层舆情具有多发性、突然性等特点,极易成为公众负面情绪的“受力点”和“爆发处”。对此,油田企业解决该问题的主要对策如下:一要坚持正确导向,加强意识形态建设能力;二要强化责任担当,提高应对舆情防范能力;三要突出问题导向,强化舆... 详细信息

基层舆情具有多发性、突然性等特点,极易成为公众负面情绪的“受力点”和“爆发处”。对此,油田企业解决该问题的主要对策如下:一要坚持正确导向,加强意识形态建设能力;二要强化责任担当,提高应对舆情防范能力;三要突出问题导向,强化舆情过程管控能力;四要坚持标本兼治,提升处理舆情执行能力。

关键词：油田企业基层舆情舆论管控

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乡村振兴背景下农村财务管理规范化路径探析

普洱学院学报 2024年第1期40卷 38-40页

作者：查金莲安庆职业技术学院现代商务学院安徽安庆246003

随着我国经济的高速发展,加快建设新农村、推动农业农村经济发展已经成为我国经济建设的重要课题。在乡村振兴的战略背景下,推动农村财务管理工作的规范化,有助于把控农村经济的“节流”环节,实现经济发展的降本增效。针对当前农村财务... 详细信息

随着我国经济的高速发展,加快建设新农村、推动农业农村经济发展已经成为我国经济建设的重要课题。在乡村振兴的战略背景下,推动农村财务管理工作的规范化,有助于把控农村经济的“节流”环节,实现经济发展的降本增效。针对当前农村财务管理工作存在的问题,相关部门需要通过建立健全农村财务管理制度,积极开展民主监督机制建设,加强财务管理人才队伍建设,推进财务审计工作全覆盖,大力开展财务管理的信息化建设,全面落实《农村集体经济组织财务制度》等政策制度,为农村财务管理规范化提供保障。

关键词：乡村振兴农村经济财务管理

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杨慎在滇咏兰诗的文化史意义

昆明学院学报 2024年第4期46卷 115-124页

作者：茶志高云南民族大学民族文化学院云南昆明650500

在中华文化传统中,兰是人们共享的文化符号,兰所象征的高洁与贤德是共有的审美标准。杨慎在滇咏物诗极多,兰花是他特别着力书写的对象之一。杨慎结合云南的自然地理、个人境遇和自我形象,创作出以《采兰引》为代表的咏兰佳作,诗人以兰自... 详细信息

在中华文化传统中,兰是人们共享的文化符号,兰所象征的高洁与贤德是共有的审美标准。杨慎在滇咏物诗极多,兰花是他特别着力书写的对象之一。杨慎结合云南的自然地理、个人境遇和自我形象,创作出以《采兰引》为代表的咏兰佳作,诗人以兰自喻,寄情托意,实现了屈骚精神在边徼的光大。不同时期宦滇文人、本土文人对咏兰诗的唱和、阅读促成作品广泛传播与经典化,表现出人们对“芳草美人”文学传统、杨慎人品学识的集体认同;以杨慎为首的文化名人创作产生溢出效应,促成了当地地理文化的重构。响水关改名为兰谷关,是区域文化认同的具体体现。杨慎在滇咏兰诗创作成为研究中原与边疆文人交往交流交融、构建文化共同体的新维度。

关键词：杨慎响水关咏兰诗屈骚精神文化认同

Design of Cold-Junction Compensation and Disconnection Detection Circuits of Various Thermocouples and Implementation of Multi-channel Interfaces Using Them-A Secondary Publication

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Journal of Electronic Research and Application 2024年第1期8卷 93-105页

作者： Hyeong-Woo cha Department of Electronic Engineering Cheongju UniversityKorea

Cold-junction compensation(CJC)and disconnection detection circuit design of various thermocouples(TC)and multi-channel TC interface circuits were *** CJC and disconnection detection circuit consists of a CJC semiconductor device,an instrumentation amplifier(IA),two resistors,and a diode for disconnection *** on the basic circuit,a multi-channel interface circuit was also *** CJC was implemented using compensation semiconductor and IA,and disconnection detection was detected by using two resistors and a diode so that IA input voltage became-0.42 *** a result of the experiment using R-type TC,the error of the designed circuit was reduced from 0.14 mV to 3μV after CJC in the temperature range of 0°C to 1400°*** addition,it was confirmed that the output voltage of IA was saturated from 88 mV to-14.2 V when TC was disconnected from *** output voltage of the designed circuit was 0 V to 10 V in the temperature range of 0°C to 1400°*** results of the 4-channel interface experiment using R-type TC were almost identical to the CJC and disconnection detection results for each *** implemented multi-channel interface has a feature that can be applied equally to E,J,K,T,R,and S-type TCs by changing the terminals of CJC semiconductor devices and adjusting the IA gain.

关键词： R-type thermocouple(TC) Cold-junction compensation(CJC) TC disconnection detection Multi-channel interface circuit Sensor interface

Assessment of Nitrates and Nitrites in Borehole Water from the Southern and the Northern Region of Côte d’Ivoire (West Africa)

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Open Journal of Modern Hydrology 2024年第2期14卷 87-105页

作者： Jean Stéphane Claon Kouassi Kouakou Serge Sérikipré Laurent Seka M’Bassidjé Arsène N’Guettia Kossonou Roland Traoré Aïcha Djamanallico Joseph Kouadio Kouakou Luc Analytical Sciences and Public Health Department University of Félix Houphou&#235t-Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Water Quality Control and Analysis Laboratory (LACQUE) Office National de l’Eau Potable (ONEP) Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Biology and Health Laboratory University of Félix Houphou&#235t-Boigny Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Department of Medical and Fundamental Biochemistry Institut Pasteur of C&#244te d’Ivoire Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Laboratory of Environmental Sciences (LSE) University of Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

This study aimed to evaluate the quality of water from village boreholes by measuring physicochemical parameters such as nitrates, nitrites, and total organic carbon (TOC). Forty-five (45) village pumps from the Southern (Basse Côte) and the Northern (Korhogo) region of Cte d’Ivoire (west Africa) were sampled. Physicochemical parameters such as temperature, pH, conductivity at 25˚C, and turbidity were determined in situ, while nitrite and nitrate were analyzed according to ISO 10304-1 (2007) standard and total organic carbon (TOC) by NF EN 1484 (1997) standard. The results showed that the borehole waters of the Basse Côte and Korhogo analyzed are acidic, with an average temperature of 27.51˚C ± 0.16˚C and 29.95˚C ± 0.51˚C respectively for the Basse Côte and Korhogo regions. The borehole waters of the Basse Côtedo not contain nitrites, while those of Korhogo have average nitrite contents of 0.32 mg/l. The average nitrate rate in the waters of the Basse Côte and Korhogo are 12.08 ± 2.11 mg/l and 11.03 ± 3.18 mg/l respectively. The average TOC concentration of the waters of the Basse Côte is 1.28 ± 0.32 mg/l and that of Korhogo is 0.56 ± 0.09 mg/L. The study showed that the borehole waters of the Basse Côte and Korhogo have average temperatures between 27.4˚C and 29.95˚C with a slightly acidic pH value and acceptable salinity. The TOC concentrations obtained at the different sampling points were all below the French standard (2 mg/L) except for certains pumps of the Basse Côte. The water samples from the Basse Côte were devoid of nitrite. On the other hand, those from Korhogo revealed the presence of nitrite. Also, the borehole waters of the regions of the Basse Côte and Korhogo contain relatively high nitrate contents, presumably due to anthropometric activity. Overall, our study on the quality of drinking water showed that the waters analyzed are in compliance with international standards and safe for consumption.

关键词： Drinking Water pH Turbidity TOC Nitrates Nitrites Health Effect